使用Spring Boot 2使用OAuth2和不透明令牌进行集中授权

本文详述如何使用Spring Boot 2和OAuth2创建集中式身份验证和授权服务器,涵盖授权服务器配置、用户信息端点、资源服务器配置,并提供了实际的测试案例。适合了解OAuth2和Spring Security的开发者参考。
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本指南逐步介绍了使用Spring Boot 2创建集中式身份验证和授权服务器的过程,还将提供演示资源服务器。

如果您不熟悉OAuth2,建议您阅读此书。

先决条件

实施概述

对于这个项目,我们将通过Spring Boot使用Spring Security 5 。 如果您熟悉早期版本,那么《 Spring Boot迁移指南》可能会有用。

OAuth2术语

  • 资源所有者
    • 授权应用程序访问其帐户的用户。
  • 资源服务器
    • client获取access token之后处理已认证请求的服务器。
  • 客户
    • 代表资源所有者访问受保护资源的应用程序。
  • 授权服务器
    • 在成功验证clientresource owner并授权请求之后,发出访问令牌的服务器。
  • 访问令牌
    • 用于访问受保护资源的唯一令牌
  • 范围
    • 许可
  • 赠款类型
    • grant是一种获取访问令牌的方法。

授权服务器

为了构建我们的Authorization Server我们将通过Spring Boot 2.0.x使用Spring Security5.x

依存关系

您可以转到start.spring.io并生成一个新项目,然后添加以下依赖项:

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>   
    </dependencies>
数据库

出于本指南的考虑,我们将使用H2数据库
在这里,您可以找到Spring Security所需的参考OAuth2 SQL模式。

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oauth_client_details (
  client_id VARCHAR(256) PRIMARY KEY,
  resource_ids VARCHAR(256),
  client_secret VARCHAR(256) NOT NULL,
  scope VARCHAR(256),
  authorized_grant_types VARCHAR(256),
  web_server_redirect_uri VARCHAR(256),
  authorities VARCHAR(256),
  access_token_validity INTEGER,
  refresh_token_validity INTEGER,
  additional_information VARCHAR(4000),
  autoapprove VARCHAR(256)
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oauth_client_token (
  token_id VARCHAR(256),
  token BLOB,
  authentication_id VARCHAR(256) PRIMARY KEY,
  user_name VARCHAR(256),
  client_id VARCHAR(256)
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oauth_access_token (
  token_id VARCHAR(256),
  token BLOB,
  authentication_id VARCHAR(256),
  user_name VARCHAR(256),
  client_id VARCHAR(256),
  authentication BLOB,
  refresh_token VARCHAR(256)
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oauth_refresh_token (
  token_id VARCHAR(256),
  token BLOB,
  authentication BLOB
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS oauth_code (
  code VARCHAR(256), authentication BLOB
);

然后添加以下条目

-- The encrypted client_secret it `secret`
INSERT INTO oauth_client_details (client_id, client_secret, scope, authorized_grant_types, authorities, access_token_validity)
  VALUES ('clientId', '{bcrypt}$2a$10$vCXMWCn7fDZWOcLnIEhmK.74dvK1Eh8ae2WrWlhr2ETPLoxQctN4.', 'read,write', 'password,refresh_token,client_credentials', 'ROLE_CLIENT', 300);

上面的client_secret是使用bcrypt生成的。
前缀{bcrypt}是必需的,因为我们将使用Spring Security 5.x的DelegatingPasswordEncoder的新功能。

在下面的页面中,您可以找到Spring的org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.jdbc.JdbcDaoImpl使用的UserAuthority参考SQL模式。

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
  id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  username VARCHAR(256) NOT NULL,
  password VARCHAR(256) NOT NULL,
  enabled TINYINT(1),
  UNIQUE KEY unique_username(username)
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS authorities (
  username VARCHAR(256) NOT NULL,
  authority VARCHAR(256) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY(username, authority)
);

与之前相同,为用户及其权限添加以下条目。

-- The encrypted password is `pass`
INSERT INTO users (id, username, password, enabled) VALUES (1, 'user', '{bcrypt}$2a$10$cyf5NfobcruKQ8XGjUJkEegr9ZWFqaea6vjpXWEaSqTa2xL9wjgQC', 1);
INSERT INTO authorities (username, authority) VALUES ('user', 'ROLE_USER');
Spring安全配置

添加以下Spring配置类。

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.jdbc.JdbcDaoImpl;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    private final DataSource dataSource;

    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    public WebSecurityConfiguration(final DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(final AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService())
                .passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        if (passwordEncoder == null) {
            passwordEncoder = PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
        }
        return passwordEncoder;
    }

    @Bean
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
        if (userDetailsService == null) {
            userDetailsService = new JdbcDaoImpl();
            ((JdbcDaoImpl) userDetailsService).setDataSource(dataSource);
        }
        return userDetailsService;
    }

}

引用Spring Blog

@EnableWebSecurity批注和WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter一起提供基于Web的安全性。

如果您使用的是Spring Boot,则将自动配置DataSource对象,您可以将其注入到类中,而不必自己定义。 需要将其注入到UserDetailsService中,该服务将使用Spring Security提供的JdbcDaoImpl ,如有必要,您可以将其替换为自己的实现。

由于某些自动配置的Spring @Bean需要Spring Security的AuthenticationManager因此有必要重写authenticationManagerBean方法,并以@Bean authenticationManagerBean注释。

PasswordEncoder将由PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder()处理,其中基于前缀处理一些密码编码器和委托,在我们的示例中,我们使用{bcrypt}作为密码的前缀。

授权服务器配置

授权服务器验证clientuser凭证并提供令牌。

添加以下Spring配置类。

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableAuthorizationServer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.ClientDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.token.DefaultTokenServices;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.token.TokenStore;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.token.store.JdbcTokenStore;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
public class AuthorizationServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

    private final DataSource dataSource;
    private final PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;
    private final AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    private TokenStore tokenStore;

    public AuthorizationServerConfiguration(final DataSource dataSource, final PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder,
                                            final AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        this.passwordEncoder = passwordEncoder;
        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public TokenStore tokenStore() {
        if (tokenStore == null) {
            tokenStore = new JdbcTokenStore(dataSource);
        }
        return tokenStore;
    }

    @Bean
    public DefaultTokenServices tokenServices(final ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService) {
        DefaultTokenServices tokenServices = new DefaultTokenServices();
        tokenServices.setSupportRefreshToken(true);
        tokenServices.setTokenStore(tokenStore());
        tokenServices.setClientDetailsService(clientDetailsService);
        tokenServices.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager);
        return tokenServices;
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(final ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients.jdbc(dataSource);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(final AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) {
        endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                .tokenStore(tokenStore());
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(final AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer oauthServer) {
        oauthServer.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder)
                .tokenKeyAccess("permitAll()")
                .checkTokenAccess("isAuthenticated()");
    }

}

用户信息端点

现在,我们需要定义一个端点,在该端点上可以将授权令牌解码为Authorization对象,以添加以下类。

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.security.Principal;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/profile")
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/me")
    public ResponseEntity
   
   
    
     get(final Principal principal) {
        return ResponseEntity.ok(principal);
    }

}

   
   

资源服务器配置

资源服务器托管HTTP资源 ,其中的HTTP资源可以是文档,照片或其他内容,在我们的情况下,它将是受OAuth2保护的REST API。

依存关系
<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
           
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>                
   </dependencies>
定义我们受保护的API

下面的代码定义了端点/me并返回Principal对象,它要求经过身份验证的用户具有ROLE_USER的访问权限。

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.security.Principal;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/me")
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ROLE_USER')")
    public ResponseEntity<Principal> get(final Principal principal) {
        return ResponseEntity.ok(principal);
    }

}

@PreAuthorize批注会在执行代码之前验证用户是否具有给定角色,以使其正常工作,有必要启用prePost批注,为此添加以下类:

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfiguration {

}

这里的重要部分是@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)批注, prePostEnabled标志默认情况下设置为false ,将其设置为true可使@PreAuthorize批注起作用。

资源服务器配置

现在,让我们为资源服务器添加Spring的配置。

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableResourceServer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter;

@Configuration
@EnableResourceServer
public class ResourceServerConfiguration extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

}

来自Javadoc的@EnableResourceServer批注:

OAuth2资源服务器的便捷注释,可启用Spring Security过滤器,该过滤器通过传入的OAuth2令牌对请求进行身份验证。 用户应添加此批注并提供类型为{@link ResourceServerConfigurer}的@Bean (例如,通过{@link ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter}),用于指定资源的详细信息(URL路径和资源ID)。 为了使用此过滤器,您必须在应用程序中的某个位置{@link EnableWebSecurity},使用该注释的位置相同,也可以使用其他位置。

现在我们已经准备好所有必需的代码,我们需要配置RemoteTokenServices ,对我们来说幸运的是,Spring提供了一个配置属性,可以在其中设置可以将令牌转换为Authentication对象的url。

security:
  oauth2:
    resource:
      user-info-uri: http://localhost:9001/profile/me

一起测试

为了一起测试,我们需要同时旋转Authorization ServerResource Server ,在我的设置中,它将相应地在端口90019101上运行。

生成令牌
$ curl -u clientId:secret -X POST localhost:9001/oauth/token\?grant_type=password\&username=user\&password=pass

{
  "access_token" : "e47876b0-9962-41f1-ace3-e3381250ccea",
  "token_type" : "bearer",
  "refresh_token" : "8e17a71c-cb39-4904-8205-4d9f8c71aeef",
  "expires_in" : 299,
  "scope" : "read write"
}
访问资源

既然已经生成了令牌,请复制access_token并将其添加到Authorization HTTP Header上的请求中,例如:

$ curl -i localhost:9101/me -H "Authorization: Bearer c06a4137-fa07-4d9a-97f9-85d1ba820d3a"

{
  "authorities" : [ {
    "authority" : "ROLE_USER"
  } ],
  "details" : {
    "remoteAddress" : "127.0.0.1",
    "sessionId" : null,
    "tokenValue" : "c06a4137-fa07-4d9a-97f9-85d1ba820d3a",
    "tokenType" : "Bearer",
    "decodedDetails" : null
  },
  "authenticated" : true,
  "userAuthentication" : {
    "authorities" : [ {
      "authority" : "ROLE_USER"
    } ],
    "details" : {
      "authorities" : [ {
        "authority" : "ROLE_USER"
      } ],
      "details" : {
        "remoteAddress" : "127.0.0.1",
        "sessionId" : null,
        "tokenValue" : "c06a4137-fa07-4d9a-97f9-85d1ba820d3a",
        "tokenType" : "Bearer",
        "decodedDetails" : null
      },
      "authenticated" : true,
      "userAuthentication" : {
        "authorities" : [ {
          "authority" : "ROLE_USER"
        } ],
        "details" : {
          "grant_type" : "password",
          "username" : "user"
        },
        "authenticated" : true,
        "principal" : {
          "password" : null,
          "username" : "user",
          "authorities" : [ {
            "authority" : "ROLE_USER"
          } ],
          "accountNonExpired" : true,
          "accountNonLocked" : true,
          "credentialsNonExpired" : true,
          "enabled" : true
        },
        "credentials" : null,
        "name" : "user"
      },
      "clientOnly" : false,
      "oauth2Request" : {
        "clientId" : "clientId",
        "scope" : [ "read", "write" ],
        "requestParameters" : {
          "grant_type" : "password",
          "username" : "user"
        },
        "resourceIds" : [ ],
        "authorities" : [ {
          "authority" : "ROLE_CLIENT"
        } ],
        "approved" : true,
        "refresh" : false,
        "redirectUri" : null,
        "responseTypes" : [ ],
        "extensions" : { },
        "grantType" : "password",
        "refreshTokenRequest" : null
      },
      "credentials" : "",
      "principal" : {
        "password" : null,
        "username" : "user",
        "authorities" : [ {
          "authority" : "ROLE_USER"
        } ],
        "accountNonExpired" : true,
        "accountNonLocked" : true,
        "credentialsNonExpired" : true,
        "enabled" : true
      },
      "name" : "user"
    },
    "authenticated" : true,
    "principal" : "user",
    "credentials" : "N/A",
    "name" : "user"
  },
  "principal" : "user",
  "credentials" : "",
  "clientOnly" : false,
  "oauth2Request" : {
    "clientId" : null,
    "scope" : [ ],
    "requestParameters" : { },
    "resourceIds" : [ ],
    "authorities" : [ ],
    "approved" : true,
    "refresh" : false,
    "redirectUri" : null,
    "responseTypes" : [ ],
    "extensions" : { },
    "grantType" : null,
    "refreshTokenRequest" : null
  },
  "name" : "user"
}

脚注

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2019/03/centralized-authorization-with-oauth2-opaque-tokens-using-spring-boot-2.html

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