从JDBC ResultSet创建对象流

Java 8中引入了Stream API和Lambda功能 ，使我们能够从JDBC ResultSet优雅地转换为仅提供映射功能的对象流。 这种功能当然可以是lambda。 基本上，这个想法是使用ResultSet作为Supplier来生成Stream：

public class ResultSetSupplier implements Supplier<T>{

		private final ResultSet rs;
		private final Function<ResultSet, T> mappingFunction;

		private ResultSetSupplier(ResultSet rs,
                    Function<ResultSet, T> mappingFunction) {
			this.rs = rs;
			this.mappingFunction = mappingFunction;
		}

		@Override
		public T get() {
			try {
				if (rs.next())
					return mappingFunction.apply(rs);
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return null;
		}
	}

参数mappingFunction可能是lambda表达式，用于从ResultSet构建T实例。 就像ActiveRecord模式一样，此类ResultSet中的每一行都映射到T的实例，其中列是T的属性。让我们考虑类City ：

public class City{
		String city;
		String country;
		public City(String city, String country) {
			this.city = city;
			this.country = country;
		}
		public String getCountry() {
			return country;
		}
		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "City [city=" + city + ", country=" + country + ";]";
		}
		@Override
		public int hashCode() {
			final int prime = 31;
			int result = 1;
			result = prime * result + ((city == null) ? 0 : city.hashCode());
			result = prime * result
					+ ((country == null) ? 0 : country.hashCode());
			return result;
		}
		@Override
		public boolean equals(Object obj) {
			if (this == obj)
				return true;
			if (obj == null)
				return false;
			if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
				return false;
			City other = (City) obj;
			if (city == null) {
				if (other.city != null)
					return false;
			} else if (!city.equals(other.city))
				return false;
			if (country == null) {
				if (other.country != null)
					return false;
			} else if (!country.equals(other.country))
				return false;
			return true;
		}
	}

City对象的映射函数可以是lambda表达式，如下所示：

(ResultSet rs) -> {
                try
                {
                  return new City(rs.getString("city"), rs.getString("country"));
		} catch (Exception e) {
		  return null;
		}}

我们假设数据库列分别称为city和country 。 尽管PreparedStatement和ResultSet都实现了AutoCloseable接口，但必须提供resultSet才能创建对象流，但在关闭流时也必须关闭此类resultSet。 一种可能的方法是使用代理来拦截对象流上的方法调用。 因此，当在代理上调用close（）方法时，它将在提供的resultSet上调用close（） 。 为了能够提供所有Stream功能，所有方法调用也将在对象流上被调用。 使用代理很容易实现。 我们来看一下。 我们将有一个代理工厂和一个调用处理程序：

public class ResultSetStreamInvocationHandler<T> implements InvocationHandler{

  private Stream<T> stream; // proxy will intercept method calls to such stream
  private PreparedStatement st;
  private ResultSet rs;

  public void setup(PreparedStatement st, Function<ResultSet, T> mappingFunction)
  throws SQLException{
    // PreparedStatement must be already setup in order
    // to just call executeQuery()
    this.st = st;
    rs = st.executeQuery();
    stream = Stream.generate(new ResultSetSupplier(rs, mappingFunction));
  }

  @Override
  public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
  throws Throwable {

    if (method == null)
      throw new RuntimeException("null method null");

    // implement AutoCloseable for PreparedStatement
    // as calling close() more than once has no effects
    if (method.getName().equals("close") && args == null){
    // invoked close(), no arguments
      if (st != null){
        st.close(); // closes ResultSet too
      }
    }

    return method.invoke(stream, args);
  }

private class ResultSetSupplier implements Supplier<T>{

  private final ResultSet rs;
  private final Function<ResultSet, T> mappingFunction;

  private ResultSetSupplier(ResultSet rs, Function<ResultSet, T> mappingFunction) {
    this.rs = rs;
    this.mappingFunction = mappingFunction;
  }

  @Override
  public T get() {
    try {
      if (rs.next())
        return mappingFunction.apply(rs);
    } catch (SQLException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
  }
}

}

请注意如何使用invoke来拦截方法调用。 在接近的情况下（）被调用时， 关闭（）调用的PreparedStatement为好。 对于每个调用的方法，将在代理的流中调用相应的方法调用。 和工厂：

public class ResultSetStream<T>{

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public Stream<T> getStream(PreparedStatement st,
            Function<ResultSet, T> mappingFunction) throws SQLException{
		final ResultSetStreamInvocationHandler<T> handler =
                    new ResultSetStreamInvocationHandler<T>();
		handler.setup(st, mappingFunction);
		Stream<T> proxy = (Stream<T>) Proxy.newProxyInstance(getClass().getClassLoader(),
                new Class<?>[] {Stream.class},
                handler);
		return proxy;
	}
}

综上所述，让我们编写一个简单的测试来显示用法。 Mockito将用于模拟PreparedStatement和ResultSet以避免对实际数据库运行测试。

public class ResultSetStreamTest {

	private class City{
		String city;
		String country;
		public City(String city, String country) {
			this.city = city;
			this.country = country;
		}
		public String getCountry() {
			return country;
		}
		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "City [city=" + city + ", country=" + country + "]";
		}
		@Override
		public int hashCode() {
			final int prime = 31;
			int result = 1;
			result = prime * result + getOuterType().hashCode();
			result = prime * result + ((city == null) ? 0 : city.hashCode());
			result = prime * result
					+ ((country == null) ? 0 : country.hashCode());
			return result;
		}
		@Override
		public boolean equals(Object obj) {
			if (this == obj)
				return true;
			if (obj == null)
				return false;
			if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
				return false;
			City other = (City) obj;
			if (!getOuterType().equals(other.getOuterType()))
				return false;
			if (city == null) {
				if (other.city != null)
					return false;
			} else if (!city.equals(other.city))
				return false;
			if (country == null) {
				if (other.country != null)
					return false;
			} else if (!country.equals(other.country))
				return false;
			return true;
		}
		private ResultSetStreamTest getOuterType() {
			return ResultSetStreamTest.this;
		}
	}

	private String[][] data = new String[][]{
			{"Karachi", "Pakistan"},
			{"Istanbul", "Turkey"},
			{"Hong Kong", "China"},
			{"Saint Petersburg", "Russia"},
			{"Sydney", "Australia"},
			{"Berlin", "Germany"},
			{"Madrid", "Spain"}
		};

	private int timesCalled;
	private PreparedStatement mockPST;
	private ResultSet mockRS;

	@Before
	public void setup() throws SQLException{
		timesCalled = -1;
		mockRS = mock(ResultSet.class);
		mockPST = mock(PreparedStatement.class);

		when(mockRS.next()).thenAnswer(new Answer<Boolean>() {

			@Override
			public Boolean answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
				if (timesCalled++ >= data.length)
					return false;
				return true;
			}
		});

		when(mockRS.getString(eq("city"))).thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {

			@Override
			public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
				return data[timesCalled][0];
			}
		});
		when(mockRS.getString(eq("country"))).thenAnswer(new Answer<String>() {

			@Override
			public String answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
				return data[timesCalled][1];
			}
		});

		when(mockPST.executeQuery()).thenReturn(mockRS);
	}

	@Test
	public void simpleTest() throws SQLException{

		try (Stream<City> testStream = new ResultSetStream<City>().getStream(mockPST,
				(ResultSet rs) -> {try {
					return new City(rs.getString("city"), rs.getString("country"));
				} catch (Exception e) {
					return null;
				}})){

			Iterator<City> cities = testStream.filter(
					city -> !city.getCountry().equalsIgnoreCase("China"))
					.limit(3).iterator();

			assertTrue(cities.hasNext());
			assertEquals(new City("Karachi", "Pakistan"), cities.next());

			assertTrue(cities.hasNext());
			assertEquals(new City("Istanbul", "Turkey"), cities.next());

			assertTrue(cities.hasNext());
			assertEquals(new City("Saint Petersburg", "Russia"), cities.next());

			assertFalse(cities.hasNext());
		}

	}

}

• 在Github上下载完整的源代码。

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2014/09/creating-an-object-stream-from-a-jdbc-resultset.html