Mongodb的简单操作方法

    MongoDB数据库属于一种非关系型的数据库，对数据的存储主要是以键值对的方式存储，而且在很大程度上提高了数据的存取时间和效率，简单总结了下Mongodb的操作方法。

首先我是使用samus驱动实现基本数据操作，在这里首先下载驱动MongoDB.dll和MongoDB.GridFS.dll。下面是详细的使用方法，代码是从vs里面直接copy过来的，没整理，基本都有说明。

 Mongo mongo = new Mongo("mongodb://localhost");

 MongoDatabase mongodb = mongo.GetDatabase("test") as MongoDatabase; //定义全局

  #region 使用泛型类操作

        ///<summary>

        /// Add

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            //添加

            List<Student> std = new List<Student>()

            {

                new Student(){ Age = 20, NikeName = "", Sex = true, UserName = "cpg"},

                new Student(){ Age = 33, NikeName = "", Sex = false, UserName = "lfd"}

            };

            MongoCollection<Student> collection = mongodb.GetCollection<Student>() as MongoCollection<Student>;

            mongo.Connect();

            collection.Insert(std);

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        /// Get

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            //获取

            MongoCollection<Student> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Student>() as MongoCollection<Student>;

            mongo.Connect();

            List<Student> list = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            //Student std = col.FindOne(p => p.Age == 23);//获取一个

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        /// Edit

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Student std = new Student() { Sex = false, Age = 100, UserName = "fishangle", NikeName = "" };

            MongoCollection<Student> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Student>() as MongoCollection<Student>;

            mongo.Connect();

            col.Update(std, p => p.UserName == "cpg");//修改匹配到的第一个（从后往前）

            List<Student> list = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        /// Del

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            MongoCollection<Student> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Student>() as MongoCollection<Student>;

            mongo.Connect();

            col.Remove(p => p.Sex == true);//删除指定的（匹配的都将删除）

            //col.Remove(x => true);//删除全部

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        #endregion

 

        #region 一般操作 (一般操作在获取集合时必须有一个默认的CollectionName

        ///<summary>

        /// Add

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Document>("mongoCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mongo.Connect();

            #region 单个插入

            Document doc = new Document();

            doc["Id"] = 1;

            doc["name"] = "池鹏刚";

            col.Insert(doc);

            #endregion

            #region 多个插入

            List<Document> list = new List<Document>()

            {

                new Document(){{"Id",1},{"name","cpg1"}},

                new Document(){{"Id",2},{"name","cpg2"}},

                new Document(){{"Id",3},{"name","cpg3"}}

            };

            col.Insert(list);

            List<Document> dtAll = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            #endregion

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        /// get

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Document>("mongoCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mongo.Connect();

            List<Document> dtAll = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

 

            var dtOne = col.FindOne(new Document() { { "Id", 1 } });//发现id为1的doc

            var name = dtOne["name"];//取出此doc中的name值

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        /// del

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Document>("mongoCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mongo.Connect();

            List<Document> dtAll = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            //col.Remove(p => true);//删除全部

            col.Remove(new Document() { { "Id", 1 } });//匹配的都将删除

            List<Document> dtAlls = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        /// update

        ///</summary>

        ///<param name="sender"></param>

        ///<param name="e"></param>

        protected void Button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongodb.GetCollection<Document>("mongoCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mongo.Connect();

            List<Document> dtAll = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            Document doc = new Document();

            doc["Id"] = 1;

            doc["name"] = " 晓风残月";

            col.Update(doc, new Document() { { "Id", 1 } });

            List<Document> dtAlls = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        #endregion

 

        #region 文件操作

        protected void Button9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            string fileName = FileUpload1.FileName;

            byte[] byteFile = FileUpload1.FileBytes;

            Stream stream = FileUpload1.FileContent;

            string name = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

            //这里GridFile构造函数有个重载，bucket参数就是用来替换那个创建集合名中默认的"fs"的。

 

            mongo.Connect();

            GridFile gridFile = new GridFile(mongodb, "img");

 

            using (GridFileStream gridFileStream = gridFile.Create(fileName))

            {

                gridFileStream.Write(byteFile, 0, byteFile.Length);

            }

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        protected void Button10_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            string filename = "图片1.jpg";

            mongo.Connect();

            GridFile gridFile = new GridFile(mongodb, "img");

 

            GridFileStream gridFileStream = gridFile.OpenRead(filename);

 

            byte[] bytes = new byte[gridFileStream.Length];

 

            gridFileStream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

            mongo.Disconnect();

        }

        #endregion

 

        #region 索引

        protected void Button12_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            #region 添加索引

            // 1. 默认索引

            //MongoDB有个默认的“_id”的键，他相当于“主键”的角色。集合创建后系统会自动创建一个索引在“_id”键上，

            //它是默认索引，索引名叫“_id_”，是无法被删除的。我们可以通过以下方式查看：

            MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection = mongodb.GetCollection<Document>("mongoCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mongo.Connect();

 

            var _idIndex = mongoCollection.Metadata.Indexes.Single(x => x.Key == "_id_");

 

            Console.WriteLine(_idIndex);

 

            // 2. 单列索引

 

            //在单个键上创建的索引就是单列索引，例如我们要在“UserInfo”集合上给“UserName”键创建一个单列索引，语法如下：（1表示正序，-1逆序）

 

            mongoCollection.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "name", 1 } }, false);

 

            //接着，我们用同样方法查找名为“_UserName_”的索引

 

            var _UserName_Index = mongoCollection.Metadata.Indexes.Single(x => x.Key == "_name_");

 

            Console.WriteLine(_UserName_Index);

 

            // 3.组合索引

 

            //另外，我们还可以同时对多个键创建组合索引。如下代码创建了按照“UserId”正序，“UserName”逆序的组合索引:

 

            mongoCollection.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "Id", 1 }, { "name", -1 } }, false);

 

            // 4.子文档索引

 

            //　我们可以对文档类型的键创建各种索引，例如单列索引，如下创建用户详细信息“Detail”的单列索引：

 

            mongoCollection.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "Detail", 1 } }, false);

 

            //对子文档的键创建组合索引：例如在“Detail.Address”和“Detail.Age”上创建组合索引：

 

            mongoCollection.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "Detail.Address", 1 }, { "Detail.Age", -1 } }, false);

 

            // 5.唯一索引

            //　唯一索引限制了对当前键添加值时，不能添加重复的信息。值得注意的是，当文档不存在指定键时，会被认为键值是“null”，

            //所以“null”也会被认为是重复的，所以一般被作为唯一索引的键，最好都要有键值对。

            //　对“UserId”创建唯一索引(这时候最后一个参数为“true”)：

            mongoCollection.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "UserId", 1 } }, true);

            #endregion

 

            #region 得到索引

          

            var allIndex = mongoCollection.Metadata.Indexes;//获取所有索引

          

           

            #endregion

 

            #region 删除索引

          

            var listIndexes = mongoCollection.Metadata.Indexes.ToList();//得到所有索引

            for (int i = 0; i < listIndexes.Count; i++)

            {

                if (listIndexes[i].Key != "_id_")

                {

                    mongoCollection.Metadata.DropIndex(listIndexes[i].Key);

                }

            }

 

            #endregion

        }

 

        protected void Button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Mongo mg = new Mongo("mongodb://localhost");

            MongoDatabase mongoIndex = mg.GetDatabase("mongoIndex") as MongoDatabase;

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongoIndex.GetCollection<Document>("indexCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mg.Connect();

            col.Insert(getList());

            mg.Disconnect();

        }

        ///<summary>

        ///初始化集合

        ///</summary>

        ///<returns></returns>

        public List<Document> getList()

        {

            List<Document> docList = new List<Document>();

            for(int i=0;i<10000;i++)

            {

                docList.Add(new Document() { { "ID", i }, { "Class", "grade" + i }, { "std", new Student() { UserName = "user" + i, Age = i + 20, NikeName = "", Sex = (i % 2 == 0 ? true : false) } } });

            };

            return docList;

        }

 

        protected void Button14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Mongo mg = new Mongo("mongodb://localhost");

            MongoDatabase mongoIndex = mg.GetDatabase("mongoIndex") as MongoDatabase;

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongoIndex.GetCollection<Document>("indexCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mg.Connect();

            col.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "ID", 1 }, { "Class",1 } }, false);//加入索引 1表示正序 -1表示逆序

            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();

            sw.Start();

            List<Document> docList = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            sw.Stop();

            mg.Disconnect();

            Label1.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString();

        }

 

        protected void Button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Mongo mg = new Mongo("mongodb://localhost");

            MongoDatabase mongoIndex = mg.GetDatabase("mongoIndex") as MongoDatabase;

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongoIndex.GetCollection<Document>("indexCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mg.Connect();

            //col.Metadata.CreateIndex(new Document { { "ID", 1 } }, false);

            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();

            sw.Start();

            List<Document> docList = col.FindAll().Documents.ToList();

            sw.Stop();

            mg.Disconnect();

            Label2.Text = sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString();

        }

 

        protected void Button16_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Mongo mg = new Mongo("mongodb://localhost");

            MongoDatabase mongoIndex = mg.GetDatabase("mongoIndex") as MongoDatabase;

            MongoCollection<Document> col = mongoIndex.GetCollection<Document>("indexCollection") as MongoCollection<Document>;

            mg.Connect();

            Label3.Text = "";

            foreach (var index in col.Metadata.Indexes)//col.Metadata.Indexes 获取所有索引

            {

 

                Label3.Text += index+"<br/>";

            }

        }

        #endregion

以上代码仅供参考。