原文地址:http://www.open-china.net/blog/42853.html
Android给我们提供了 AlertDialog类,使我们可以很容易地通过它的内部类Builder构建弹出式对话框。但是有时候为了给用户更好的体验,可能需要更改Dialog的外观和结构。解决的办法是自定义AlertDialog和AlertDialog.Builder类。
Android提供的默认Dialog如下图所示:
1、定义对话框的外观
我们想实现的自定义对话框如下图所示:
我们要实现的Dialog支持:
- 通过外部String或Resource命名Title
- 通过外部String、layout、Resource定义对话框内容
- 设置了positive和negative按钮及监听器
2、定义Layout、Theme和Style
对话框通过自定义布局(layout)渲染其内容,布局文件中定义了用于显示标题的TextView、显示内容的TextView,以及两个按钮。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:minWidth="280dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <LinearLayout android:orientation="vertical" android:background="@drawable/header" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <TextView style="@style/DialogText.Title" android:id="@+id/title" android:paddingRight="8dip" android:paddingLeft="8dip" android:background="@drawable/title" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/content" android:orientation="vertical" android:background="@drawable/center" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <TextView style="@style/DialogText" android:id="@+id/message" android:padding="5dip" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:background="@drawable/footer" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <Button android:id="@+id/positiveButton" android:layout_marginTop="3dip" android:layout_width="0dip" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true"/> <Button android:id="@+idegativeButton" android:layout_marginTop="3dip" android:layout_width="0dip" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:singleLine="true"/> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
根部的LinearLayou宽度被设置为fill_parent,并且最小宽度为280dp,从而使对话框的宽度始终是设备屏幕宽度的87.5%。
自定义主题应该声明对话框为floating ,并且使用了自定义背景和自定义标题视图。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <style name="Dialog" parent="android:style/Theme.Dialog"> <item name="android:windowBackground">@null</item> <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item> </style> </resources>
然后我们需要定义标题和内容的外观
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <style name="DialogText"> <item name="android:textColor">#FF000000</item> <item name="android:textSize">12sp</item> </style> <style name="DialogText.Title"> <item name="android:textSize">16sp</item> <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item> </style> </resources>
3、定义Dialog和Builder类
我们自定义的Builder类最好和AlterDialog.Bulider类有相同的方法,以便使用方便。
package net.androgames.blog.sample.customdialog.dialog;
import net.androgames.blog.sample.customdialog.R;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
/**
*
* Create custom Dialog windows for your application
* Custom dialogs rely on custom layouts wich allow you to
* create and use your own look & feel.
*
* Under GPL v3 : http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
*
* @author antoine vianey
*
*/
public class CustomDialog extends Dialog {
public CustomDialog(Context context, int theme) {
super(context, theme);
}
public CustomDialog(Context context) {
super(context);
}
/**
* Helper class for creating a custom dialog
*/
public static class Builder {
private Context context;
private String title;
private String message;
private String positiveButtonText;
private String negativeButtonText;
private View contentView;
private DialogInterface.OnClickListener
positiveButtonClickListener,
negativeButtonClickListener;
public Builder(Context context) {
this.context = context;
}
/**
* Set the Dialog message from String
* @param title
* @return
*/
public Builder setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
return this;
}
/**
* Set the Dialog message from resource
* @param title
* @return
*/
public Builder setMessage(int message) {
this.message = (String) context.getText(message);
return this;
}
/**
* Set the Dialog title from resource
* @param title
* @return
*/
public Builder setTitle(int title) {
this.title = (String) context.getText(title);
return this;
}
/**
* Set the Dialog title from String
* @param title
* @return
*/
public Builder setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
return this;
}
/**
* Set a custom content view for the Dialog.
* If a message is set, the contentView is not
* added to the Dialog...
* @param v
* @return
*/
public Builder setContentView(View v) {
this.contentView = v;
return this;
}
/**
* Set the positive button resource and it"s listener
* @param positiveButtonText
* @param listener
* @return
*/
public Builder setPositiveButton(int positiveButtonText,
DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
this.positiveButtonText = (String) context
.getText(positiveButtonText);
this.positiveButtonClickListener = listener;
return this;
}
/**
* Set the positive button text and it"s listener
* @param positiveButtonText
* @param listener
* @return
*/
public Builder setPositiveButton(String positiveButtonText,
DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
this.positiveButtonText = positiveButtonText;
this.positiveButtonClickListener = listener;
return this;
}
/**
* Set the negative button resource and it"s listener
* @param negativeButtonText
* @param listener
* @return
*/
public Builder setNegativeButton(int negativeButtonText,
DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
this.negativeButtonText = (String) context
.getText(negativeButtonText);
this.negativeButtonClickListener = listener;
return this;
}
/**
* Set the negative button text and it"s listener
* @param negativeButtonText
* @param listener
* @return
*/
public Builder setNegativeButton(String negativeButtonText,
DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
this.negativeButtonText = negativeButtonText;
this.negativeButtonClickListener = listener;
return this;
}
/**
* Create the custom dialog
*/
public CustomDialog create() {
LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context
.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
// instantiate the dialog with the custom Theme
final CustomDialog dialog = new CustomDialog(context,
R.style.Dialog);
View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog, null);
dialog.addContentView(layout, new LayoutParams(
LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
// set the dialog title
((TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.title)).setText(title);
// set the confirm button
if (positiveButtonText != null) {
((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton))
.setText(positiveButtonText);
if (positiveButtonClickListener != null) {
((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton))
.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
positiveButtonClickListener.onClick(
dialog,
DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE);
}
});
}
} else {
// if no confirm button just set the visibility to GONE
layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton).setVisibility(
View.GONE);
}
// set the cancel button
if (negativeButtonText != null) {
((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton))
.setText(negativeButtonText);
if (negativeButtonClickListener != null) {
((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton))
.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
positiveButtonClickListener.onClick(
dialog,
DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE);
}
});
}
} else {
// if no confirm button just set the visibility to GONE
layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton).setVisibility(
View.GONE);
}
// set the content message
if (message != null) {
((TextView) layout.findViewById(
R.id.message)).setText(message);
} else if (contentView != null) {
// if no message set
// add the contentView to the dialog body
((LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.content))
.removeAllViews();
((LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.content))
.addView(contentView,
new LayoutParams(
LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
}
dialog.setContentView(layout);
return dialog;
}
}
}
/**
* Build the desired Dialog
* CUSTOM or DEFAULT
*/
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(int dialogId) {
Dialog dialog = null;
switch (dialogId) {
case CUSTOM_DIALOG :
CustomDialog.Builder customBuilder = new
CustomDialog.Builder(CustomDialogActivity.this);
customBuilder.setTitle("Custom title")
.setMessage("Custom body")
.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
CustomDialogActivity.this
.dismissDialog(CUSTOM_DIALOG);
}
})
.setPositiveButton("Confirm",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
dialog.dismiss();
}
});
dialog = customBuilder.create();
break;
case DEFAULT_DIALOG :
AlertDialog.Builder alertBuilder = new
AlertDialog.Builder(CustomDialogActivity.this);
alertBuilder.setTitle("Default title")
.setMessage("Default body")
.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
dialog.dismiss();
}
})
.setPositiveButton("Confirm",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
CustomDialogActivity.this
.dismissDialog(DEFAULT_DIALOG);
}
});
dialog = alertBuilder.create();
break;
}
return dialog;
}