这是一个非常简单的通信程序,不需要什么前奏来说明这个问题,可以直接来看程序的实现,首先是服务器端的程序:
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
WSADATA wsd;
SOCKET sListen, sClient;
int iAddrSize;
HANDLE hThread;
DWORD dwThread;
struct sockaddr_in local, client;
ValidateArgs(argc, argv);
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0)
{
printf("Failed to load WinSock!/n");
return 1;
}
sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_IP);
if (sListen == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("socket() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
if (bInterface)
{
local.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(szAddress);
if (local.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE)
{
usage();
}
}
else
{
local.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
}
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(iPort);
if (bind(sListen,
(struct sockaddr*)&local,
sizeof(local)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("bind() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
listen(sListen, 8);
while(1)
{
iAddrSize = sizeof(client);
sClient = accept(sListen,
(struct sockaddr*)&client,
&iAddrSize);
if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("accept() failed: %d/n",WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
printf("Acceped client: %s:%d/n",
inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),
ntohs(client.sin_port));
hThread = CreateThread(NULL,
0,
ClientThread,
(LPVOID)sClient,
0,
&dwThread);
if (hThread == NULL)
{
printf("CreateThread() failed: %d/n", GetLastError());
break;
}
CloseHandle(hThread);
}
closesocket(sListen);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
这是主程序,首先是一个验证参数的过程,程序提供了三种参数格式:-p:x说的是监听的端口号,-i:str说的是监听的IP,这只适用于一台主机多个IP的情况,-o说的是服务器只接收消息,而不发送回应消息,验证参数的代码如下:
void ValidateArgs(int argc, char **argv)
{
int i;
for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
{
if ((argv[i][0] =='-') || (argv[i][0] == '/'))
{
switch (tolower(argv[i][1]))
{
case 'p':
iPort = atoi(&argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'i':
bInterface = TRUE;
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
strcpy(szAddress, &argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'o':
bRecvOnly = TRUE;
break;
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
}
}
验证完参数之后,就开一般的TCP/IP通信的步骤了,即首先创建一个socket,然后绑定在服务器的某个端口上,然后listen进行监听,最后是accept接收到一个连接,就创建一个单独的线程专门与用这个连接和某个客户端进行通信,来看看通信线程的入口函数:
DWORD WINAPI ClientThread(LPVOID lpParam)
{
SOCKET sock = (SOCKET)lpParam;
char szBuff[DEFAULT_BUFFER];
int ret, nLeft, idx;
while (1)
{
ret = recv(sock, szBuff,DEFAULT_BUFFER, 0);
if (ret == 0)
break;
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("recv() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
szBuff[ret] = '/0';
printf("RECV: %s/n", szBuff);
if (!bRecvOnly)
{
nLeft = ret;
idx = 0;
while (nLeft > 0)
{
ret = send(sock, &szBuff[idx], nLeft, 0);
if (ret == 0)
break;
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("send() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
nLeft -=ret;
idx +=ret;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
这就是一个通信线程函数,用recv接收数据,用send发送数据,不是很难。
下面来看看客户端的实现:
void ValidateArgs(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
{
if ((argv[i][0] == '-') || (argv[i][0] == '/'))
{
switch (tolower(argv[i][1]))
{
case 'p':
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
iPort = atoi (&argv[i][3]);
break;
case 's':
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
strcpy(szServer, &argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'n':
if (strlen(argv[i]) > 3)
dwCount = atol(&argv[i][3]);
break;
case 'o':
bSendOnly = TRUE;
break;
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
WSADATA wsd;
SOCKET sClient;
char szBuffer[DEFAULT_BUFFER];
int ret;
struct sockaddr_in server;
struct hostent *host = NULL;
DWORD i;
ValidateArgs(argc, argv);
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0)
{
printf("Failed to load Winsock library!/n");
return 1;
}
strcpy(szMessage, DEFAULT_MESSAGE);
sClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("socket() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
server.sin_family = AF_INET;
server.sin_port = htons(iPort);
server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(szServer);
if (server.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE)
{
host = gethostbyname(szServer);
if (host == NULL)
{
printf("Unable to resolve server: %s/n", szServer);
return 1;
}
CopyMemory(&server.sin_addr,
host->h_addr_list[0],
host->h_length);
}
if (connect(sClient,
(struct sockaddr*)&server,
sizeof(server))
== SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("connect() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
return 1;
}
for (i = 0; i < dwCount; i++)
{
ret = send(sClient, szMessage, strlen(szMessage), 0);
if (ret ==0 )
{
break;
}
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("send() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
printf("Send %d bytes/n", ret);
if (!bSendOnly)
{
ret = recv(sClient, szBuffer, DEFAULT_BUFFER, 0);
if (ret == 0)
{
break;
}
else if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("recv() failed: %d/n", WSAGetLastError());
break;
}
szBuffer[ret] = '/0';
printf("RECV [%d bytes]: %s/n", ret, szBuffer);
}
}
closesocket(sClient);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
客户端的程序非常的简单,创建一个socket,然后connect服务器,就可以进行recv和send了,不要创建线程,很轻松的就可以完成通信了,当然更好的情况是将客户端的connect单独放在一个线程里面进行,在服务器端,最后也是将accept单独放在一个线程里面进行,这样的话可以更好的响应用户的操作了。