一、前言
现在写java程序，很少需要写一些底层的数据结构和算法，因为这些轮子早已造好，拿来用就行。比如在代码中我们经常用到的这个类JSONObject ，还有我们经常使用的String类型，它都是有底层实现的，我们直接引用别人开发的java包就行了，无需要关心它是如何实现的， 所以平时开发其实对于底层的东西了解越来越少，这一节就分析一下JSONObject的源码，看它是如何实现的。
二、JSONObject源码
package com.alibaba.fastjson;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToBigDecimal;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToBigInteger;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToBoolean;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToByte;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToBytes;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToDate;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToDouble;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToFloat;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToInt;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToLong;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToShort;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToSqlDate;
import static com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils.castToTimestamp;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.*;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.Feature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.ParserConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils;
public class JSONObject extends JSON implements Map<String, Object>, Cloneable, Serializable, InvocationHandler {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 16;
private final Map<String, Object> map;
public JSONObject(){
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, false);
}
public JSONObject(Map<String, Object> map){
if (map == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("map is null.");
}
this.map = map;
}
public JSONObject(boolean ordered){
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, ordered);
}
public JSONObject(int initialCapacity){
this(initialCapacity, false);
}
public JSONObject(int initialCapacity, boolean ordered){
if (ordered) {
map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>(initialCapacity);
} else {
map = new HashMap<String, Object>(initialCapacity);
}
}
public int size() {
return map.size();
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return map.isEmpty();
}
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
boolean result = map.containsKey(key);
if (!result) {
if (key instanceof Number
|| key instanceof Character
|| key instanceof Boolean
|| key instanceof UUID
) {
result = map.containsKey(key.toString());
}
}
return result;
}
public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
return map.containsValue(value);
}
public Object get(Object key) {
Object val = map.get(key);
if (val == null) {
if (key instanceof Number
|| key instanceof Character
|| key instanceof Boolean
|| key instanceof UUID
) {
val = map.get(key.toString());
}
}
return val;
}
public Object getOrDefault(Object key, Object defaultValue) {
Object v;
return ((v = get(key)) != null) ? v : defaultValue;
}
public JSONObject getJSONObject(String key) {
Object value = map.get(key);
if (value instanceof JSONObject) {
return (JSONObject) value;
}
if (value instanceof Map) {
return new JSONObject((Map) value);
}
if (value instanceof String) {
return JSON.parseObject((String) value);
}
return (JSONObject) toJSON(value);
}
public JSONArray getJSONArray(String key) {
Object value = map.get(key);
if (value instanceof JSONArray) {
return (JSONArray) value;
}
if (value instanceof List) {
return new JSONArray((List) value);
}
if (value instanceof String) {
return (JSONArray) JSON.parse((String) value);
}
return (JSONArray) toJSON(value);
}
public <T> T getObject(String key, Class<T> clazz) {
Object obj = map.get(key);
return TypeUtils.castToJavaBean(obj, clazz);
}
public <T> T getObject(String key, Type type) {
Object obj = map.get(key);
return TypeUtils.cast(obj, type, ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance());
}
public <T> T getObject(String key, TypeReference typeReference) {
Object obj = map.get(key);
if (typeReference == null) {
return (T) obj;
}
return TypeUtils.cast(obj, typeReference.getType(), ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance());
}
public Boolean getBoolean(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
if (value == null) {
return null;
}
return castToBoolean(value);
}
public byte[] getBytes(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
if (value == null) {
return null;
}
return castToBytes(value);
}
public boolean getBooleanValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Boolean booleanVal = castToBoolean(value);
if (booleanVal == null) {
return false;
}
return booleanVal.booleanValue();
}
public Byte getByte(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToByte(value);
}
public byte getByteValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Byte byteVal = castToByte(value);
if (byteVal == null) {
return 0;
}
return byteVal.byteValue();
}
public Short getShort(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToShort(value);
}
public short getShortValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Short shortVal = castToShort(value);
if (shortVal == null) {
return 0;
}
return shortVal.shortValue();
}
public Integer getInteger(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToInt(value);
}
public int getIntValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Integer intVal = castToInt(value);
if (intVal == null) {
return 0;
}
return intVal.intValue();
}
public Long getLong(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToLong(value);
}
public long getLongValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Long longVal = castToLong(value);
if (longVal == null) {
return 0L;
}
return longVal.longValue();
}
public Float getFloat(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToFloat(value);
}
public float getFloatValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Float floatValue = castToFloat(value);
if (floatValue == null) {
return 0F;
}
return floatValue.floatValue();
}
public Double getDouble(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToDouble(value);
}
public double getDoubleValue(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
Double doubleValue = castToDouble(value);
if (doubleValue == null) {
return 0D;
}
return doubleValue.doubleValue();
}
public BigDecimal getBigDecimal(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToBigDecimal(value);
}
public BigInteger getBigInteger(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToBigInteger(value);
}
public String getString(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
if (value == null) {
return null;
}
return value.toString();
}
public Date getDate(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToDate(value);
}
public Object getSqlDate(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToSqlDate(value);
}
public Object getTimestamp(String key) {
Object value = get(key);
return castToTimestamp(value);
}
public Object put(String key, Object value) {
return map.put(key, value);
}
public JSONObject fluentPut(String key, Object value) {
map.put(key, value);
return this;
}
public void putAll(Map<? extends String, ?> m) {
map.putAll(m);
}
public JSONObject fluentPutAll(Map<? extends String, ?> m) {
map.putAll(m);
return this;
}
public void clear() {
map.clear();
}
public JSONObject fluentClear() {
map.clear();
return this;
}
public Object remove(Object key) {
return map.remove(key);
}
public JSONObject fluentRemove(Object key) {
map.remove(key);
return this;
}
public Set<String> keySet() {
return map.keySet();
}
public Collection<Object> values() {
return map.values();
}
public Set<Map.Entry<String, Object>> entrySet() {
return map.entrySet();
}
@Override
public JSONObject clone() {
return new JSONObject(map instanceof LinkedHashMap //
? new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>(map) //
: new HashMap<String, Object>(map)
);
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj) {
return true;
}
if (obj instanceof JSONObject) {
return this.map.equals(((JSONObject) obj).map);
}
return this.map.equals(obj);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return this.map.hashCode();
}
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
if (method.getName().equals("equals")) {
return this.equals(args[0]);
}
Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
if (returnType != void.class) {
throw new JSONException("illegal setter");
}
String name = null;
JSONField annotation = TypeUtils.getAnnotation(method, JSONField.class);
if (annotation != null) {
if (annotation.name().length() != 0) {
name = annotation.name();
}
}
if (name == null) {
name = method.getName();
if (!name.startsWith("set")) {
throw new JSONException("illegal setter");
}
name = name.substring(3);
if (name.length() == 0) {
throw new JSONException("illegal setter");
}
name = Character.toLowerCase(name.charAt(0)) + name.substring(1);
}
map.put(name, args[0]);
return null;
}
if (parameterTypes.length == 0) {
Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
if (returnType == void.class) {
throw new JSONException("illegal getter");
}
String name = null;
JSONField annotation = TypeUtils.getAnnotation(method, JSONField.class);
if (annotation != null) {
if (annotation.name().length() != 0) {
name = annotation.name();
}
}
if (name == null) {
name = method.getName();
if (name.startsWith("get")) {
name = name.substring(3);
if (name.length() == 0) {
throw new JSONException("illegal getter");
}
name = Character.toLowerCase(name.charAt(0)) + name.substring(1);
} else if (name.startsWith("is")) {
name = name.substring(2);
if (name.length() == 0) {
throw new JSONException("illegal getter");
}
name = Character.toLowerCase(name.charAt(0)) + name.substring(1);
} else if (name.startsWith("hashCode")) {
return this.hashCode();
} else if (name.startsWith("toString")) {
return this.toString();
} else {
throw new JSONException("illegal getter");
}
}
Object value = map.get(name);
return TypeUtils.cast(value, method.getGenericReturnType(), ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance());
}
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(method.toGenericString());
}
public Map<String, Object> getInnerMap() {
return this.map;
}
private void readObject(final java.io.ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
SecureObjectInputStream.ensureFields();
if (SecureObjectInputStream.fields != null && !SecureObjectInputStream.fields_error) {
ObjectInputStream secIn = new SecureObjectInputStream(in);
try {
secIn.defaultReadObject();
return;
} catch (java.io.NotActiveException e) {
// skip
}
}
in.defaultReadObject();
for (Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {
final Object key = entry.getKey();
if (key != null) {
ParserConfig.global.checkAutoType(key.getClass());
}
final Object value = entry.getValue();
if (value != null) {
ParserConfig.global.checkAutoType(value.getClass());
}
}
}
static class SecureObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream {
static Field[] fields;
static volatile boolean fields_error;
static void ensureFields() {
if (fields == null && !fields_error) {
try {
final Field[] declaredFields = ObjectInputStream.class.getDeclaredFields();
String[] fieldnames = new String[]{"bin", "passHandle", "handles", "curContext"};
Field[] array = new Field[fieldnames.length];
for (int i = 0; i < fieldnames.length; i++) {
Field field = TypeUtils
.getField(ObjectInputStream.class
, fieldnames[i]
, declaredFields
);
field.setAccessible(true);
array[i] = field;
}
fields = array;
} catch (Throwable error) {
fields_error = true;
}
}
}
public SecureObjectInputStream(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException {
super(in);
try {
for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
final Field field = fields[i];
final Object value = field.get(in);
field.set(this, value);
}
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
fields_error = true;
}
}
protected Class<?> resolveClass(ObjectStreamClass desc)
throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
String name = desc.getName();
if (name.length() > 2) {
int index = name.lastIndexOf('[');
if (index != -1) {
name = name.substring(index + 1);
}
if (name.length() > 2 && name.charAt(0) == 'L' && name.charAt(name.length() - 1) == ';') {
name = name.substring(1, name.length() - 1);
}
if (TypeUtils.getClassFromMapping(name) == null) {
ParserConfig.global.checkAutoType(name, null, Feature.SupportAutoType.mask);
}
}
return super.resolveClass(desc);
}
protected Class<?> resolveProxyClass(String[] interfaces)
throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
for (String interfacename : interfaces) {
//检查是否处于黑名单
if (TypeUtils.getClassFromMapping(interfacename) == null) {
ParserConfig.global.checkAutoType(interfacename, null);
}
}
return super.resolveProxyClass(interfaces);
}
//Hack:默认构造方法会调用这个方法，重写此方法使用反射还原部分关键属性
protected void readStreamHeader() throws IOException, StreamCorruptedException {
}
}
public <T> T toJavaObject(Class<T> clazz) {
if (clazz == Map.class || clazz == JSONObject.class || clazz == JSON.class) {
return (T) this;
}
if (clazz == Object.class && !containsKey(JSON.DEFAULT_TYPE_KEY)) {
return (T) this;
}
return TypeUtils.castToJavaBean(this, clazz, ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance());
}
public <T> T toJavaObject(Class<T> clazz, ParserConfig config, int features) {
if (clazz == Map.class) {
return (T) this;
}
if (clazz == Object.class && !containsKey(JSON.DEFAULT_TYPE_KEY)) {
return (T) this;
}
return TypeUtils.castToJavaBean(this, clazz, config);
}
}
代码量还是很多，还没包含其他第三方引用的源码。
接下来我们一步步看
1、首先定义了这个类型：
public class JSONObject extends JSON implements Map<String, Object>, Cloneable, Serializable, InvocationHandler
2、我们看它的构造方法
public JSONObject(){
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, false);
}
public JSONObject(Map<String, Object> map){
if (map == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("map is null.");
}
this.map = map;
}
public JSONObject(boolean ordered){
this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, ordered);
}
public JSONObject(int initialCapacity){
this(initialCapacity, false);
}
public JSONObject(int initialCapacity, boolean ordered){
if (ordered) {
map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>(initialCapacity);
} else {
map = new HashMap<String, Object>(initialCapacity);
}
}粗略看一下，JSONObject的下一层大概就是hashMap来实现的。
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 16;
DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY我们知道HasMap在构造JSONObject分配内存空间时 初始化是16
3、接下里的类里封装的方法都是map的方法
判断大小，判空，获取key等
public int size() {
return map.size();
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return map.isEmpty();
}
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
boolean result = map.containsKey(key);
if (!result) {
if (key instanceof Number
|| key instanceof Character
|| key instanceof Boolean
|| key instanceof UUID
) {
result = map.containsKey(key.toString());
}
}
return result;
}
public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
return map.containsValue(value);
}
public Object get(Object key) {
Object val = map.get(key);
if (val == null) {
if (key instanceof Number
|| key instanceof Character
|| key instanceof Boolean
|| key instanceof UUID
) {
val = map.get(key.toString());
}
}
return val;
}从这个方法我们可以看出，就是从HashMap转化过来的
public JSONObject getJSONObject(String key) {
Object value = map.get(key);
if (value instanceof JSONObject) {
return (JSONObject) value;
}
if (value instanceof Map) {
return new JSONObject((Map) value);
}
if (value instanceof String) {
return JSON.parseObject((String) value);
}
return (JSONObject) toJSON(value);
}三、封装的方法：
功能非常多，以至于源码就10000多行。
在Java中，JSON和对象之间的转换关系可以通过一些库来实现，其中最常用的是Jackson和Gson。
- 对象转换为JSON
当需要将Java对象转换为JSON字符串时，可以使用Jackson库。以下是一个简单的示例：
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; | |
public class Example { | |
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { | |
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); | |
MyObject obj = new MyObject(); | |
obj.setName("John"); | |
obj.setAge(30); | |
String jsonStr = mapper.writeValueAsString(obj); | |
System.out.println(jsonStr); | |
} | |
} |
在这个例子中，我们创建了一个名为MyObject的Java对象，并使用ObjectMapper的writeValueAsString()方法将其转换为JSON字符串。
- JSON转换为对象
当需要将JSON字符串转换为Java对象时，也可以使用Jackson库。以下是一个简单的示例：
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; | |
public class Example { | |
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { | |
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); | |
String jsonStr = "{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30}"; | |
MyObject obj = mapper.readValue(jsonStr, MyObject.class); | |
System.out.println(obj.getName()); | |
System.out.println(obj.getAge()); | |
} | |
} |
在这个例子中，我们创建了一个名为MyObject的Java对象，并使用ObjectMapper的readValue()方法将JSON字符串转换为该对象。
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