HQL总结

以个普通Users表为例:
建表语句:
CREATE DATABASE `interceptor`

CHARACTER SET 'utf8';

USE `interceptor`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;



create table users(

id int auto_increment primary key,

name varchar(10) not null,

passwd varchar(10) not null

)

ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

User.java:
package com.domain;
public class Users implements java.io.Serializable {

private Integer id;

private String name;

private String passwd;

public Users() {

}

public Users(String name, String passwd) {

this.name = name;

this.passwd = passwd;

}

public Integer getId() {

return this.id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return this.name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getPasswd() {

return this.passwd;

}

public void setPasswd(String passwd) {

this.passwd = passwd;

}

User.hbm.xml: 


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>

<class name="com.domain.Users" table="users" catalog="interceptor">

<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">

<column name="id" />

<generator class="native" />

</id>

<property name="name" type="java.lang.String">

<column name="name" length="10" not-null="true" />

</property>

<property name="passwd" type="java.lang.String">

<column name="passwd" length="10" not-null="true" />

</property>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

1. 查询整个映射对象所有字段
//直接from查询出来的是一个映射对象,即:查询整个映射对象所有字段



String hql = "from Users";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);



List<Users> users = query.list();

for(Users user : users){

System.out.println(user.getName() + " : " + user.getPasswd() + " : " + user.getId());

}



输出结果为:

name1 : password1 : 1

name2 : password2 : 2

name3 : password3 : 3

2.查询单个字段
//查询单个字段



String hql = " select name from Users";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

List<String> list = query.list();

for(String str : list){

System.out.println(str);

}

输出结果为:

name1

name2

name3

3.查询其中几个字段
//查询其中几个字段



String hql = " select name,passwd from Users";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组

List<Object[]> list = query.list();

for(Object[] object : list){

String name = (String)object[0];

String passwd = (String)object[1];



System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);

}



输出结果为:

name1 : password1

name2 : password2

name3 : password3

4.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以List形式返回
//查询其中几个字段,添加new list(),注意list里的l是小写的。也不需要导入包,这样通过query.list()出来的list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是List集合了

String hql = " select new list(name,passwd) from Users";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组,但是在这里list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是List集合了

List<List> list = query.list();

for(List user : list){



String name = (String)user.get(0);

String passwd = (String)user.get(1);



System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);

}



/**



输出结果为:

name1 : password1

name2 : password2

name3 : password3

*/

5.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以Map形式返回
//查询其中几个字段,添加new map(),注意map里的m是小写的。也不需要导入包,这样通过query.list()出来的list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是map集合了

String hql = " select new map(name,passwd) from Users";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组,但是在这里list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是Map集合了



List<Map> list = query.list();

for(Map user : list){

//一条记录里所有的字段值都是map里的一个元素,key是字符串0,1,2,3....,value是字段值

//如果将hql改为:String hql = " select new map(name as username,passwd as password) from Users";,那么key将不是字符串0,1,2...了,而是"username","password"了

String name = (String)user.get("0");//get("0");是get(key),注意:0,1,2...是字符串,而不是整形

String passwd = (String)user.get("1");

System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);



}



/**

输出结果为:

name1 : password1

name2 : password2

name3 : password3

*/

6.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以Set形式返回,但是因为Set里是不允许有重复的元素,所以:username和password的值不能相同。只需将hql改为:String
hql = " select new set(name,passwd) from Users";

7.修改默认查询结果(query.list())不以Object[]数组形式返回,以自定义类型返回
自定义类:
package com.domain;
public class MyUser {

private String username;

private String password;

//因为:String hql = " select new  com.domain.MyUser(name,passwd) from Users";所以必须要有接受2个参数的构造函数

public MyUser(String username,String password){

this.username = username;

this.password = password;

}



public String getUsername() {

return username;

}

public void setUsername(String username) {

this.username = username;

}



public String getPassword() {

return password;

}



public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}




//通过query.list()出来的list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是自定义的类MyUser,必须加包名,String hql = "from Users";中的Users类也是必须加包名的,但是因为再Users.hbm.xml里<hibernate-mapping auto-import="true"> auto-import默认值为true(所以auto-import属性也可以不写),自动导入了

String hql = " select new  com.domain.MyUser(name,passwd) from Users";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//默认查询出来的list里存放的是一个Object数组,但是在这里list里存放的不再是默认的Object数组了,而是MyUser对象了

List<MyUser> myUsers = query.list();

for(MyUser myUser : myUsers){

String name = myUser.getUsername();

String passwd = myUser.getPassword();

System.out.println(name + " : " + passwd);

}



/**



输出结果为:

name1 : password1

name2 : password2

name3 : password3

*/





8:条件查询
//条件查询,参数索引值从0开始,索引位置。通过setString,setParameter设置参数

String hql = "from Users where name=? and passwd=?";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//第1种方式

//		query.setString(0, "name1");

//		query.setString(1, "password1");

//第2种方式

query.setParameter(0, "name1",Hibernate.STRING);

query.setParameter(1, "password1",Hibernate.STRING);

List<Users> list = query.list();

for(Users users : list){

System.out.println(users.getId());

}

//条件查询,自定义索引名(参数名):username,:password.通过setString,setParameter设置参数

String hql = "from Users where name=:username and passwd=:password";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//第1种方式

//		query.setString("username", "name1");

//		query.setString("password", "password1");

//第2种方式,第3个参数确定类型

query.setParameter("username", "name1",Hibernate.STRING);

query.setParameter("password", "password1",Hibernate.STRING);

List<Users> list = query.list();

for(Users users : list){

out.println(users.getId());

}



//条件查询,通过setProperties设置参数

String hql = "from Users where name=:username and passwd=:password";

Query query = session.createQuery(hql);

//MyUser类的2个属性必须和:username和:password对应

MyUser myUser = new MyUser("name1","password1");

query.setProperties(myUser);

List<Users> list = query.list();

for(Users users : list){

System.out.println(users.getId());

}
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