Python调用C库函数做计算,出现需要传递多维数组数据时,可以利用多级指针完成数据的传递。在下面示例中,实现了二级和三级指针数据的传递:
C库函数实现数据相加功能,编译库为CDllForPython.dll
extern "C"
{
int CDll_API DoAddPP(int n, int* ni, int** data);
int CDll_API DoAddPPP(int n, int* ni, int** nij, int*** data);
}
int DoAddPP(int n, int* ni, int** data)
{
int res = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < ni[i]; j++)
{
int value = data[i][j];
res = res + value;
}
}
return res;
}
int DoAddPPP(int n, int* ni, int** nij, int*** data)
{
int res = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < ni[i]; j++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < nij[i][j]; k++)
{
int value = data[i][j][k];
res = res + value;
}
}
}
return res;
}
Python实现数组转为二级指针和三级指针,调用C库函数
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import platform
import ctypes
class CApi:
# 初始化类
def __init__(self):
if platform.system() == "Windows":
self.cdll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary("./CDllForPython.dll")
elif platform.system() == "Linux":
self.cdll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary("./CDllForPython.so")
# 向C库函数传递二级指针
# @param n 代表ni的个数 =一维
# @param ni 代表data的个数 =二维
# @param data 数据
# return res 计算结果
def set_params_twos(self, n, ni, data):
c_n = ctypes.c_int()
c_n.value = n
ni_type = ctypes.c_int * n
c_ni = ni_type()
for i in range(0, int(n)):
c_ni[i] = ni[i]
# 转换二级指针
c_data = []
for i in range(0, int(n)):
tmp_arr = (ctypes.c_int * int(ni[i]))()
for j in range(0, int(ni[i])):
tmp_arr[j] = data[i][j]
c_data.append(ctypes.cast(tmp_arr, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)))
p_c_data = (ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int) * n)(*c_data)
res = self.cdll.DoAddPP(c_n, ctypes.byref(c_ni), ctypes.byref(p_c_data))
return res
# 向C库函数传递三级指针
# @param n 代表ni的个数 =一维
# @param ni 代表nij的个数 =二维
# @param nij 代表data的个数 =三维
# @param data 数据
# return res 计算结果
def set_params_threes(self, n, ni, nij, data):
c_n = ctypes.c_int()
c_n.value = n
ni_type = ctypes.c_int * n
c_ni = ni_type()
for i in range(0, int(n)):
c_ni[i] = ni[i]
# 转换二级指针
c_nij = []
for i in range(0, int(n)):
one_arr = (ctypes.c_int * int(ni[i]))()
for j in range(0, int(ni[i])):
one_arr[j] = nij[i][j]
c_nij.append(ctypes.cast(one_arr, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)))
p_c_nij = (ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int) * n)(*c_nij)
# 转换三级指针
p_type = ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int)
pp_type = ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int))
c_data = []
for i in range(0, int(n)):
one_arr1 = []
for j in range(0, int(ni[i])):
two_arr1 = (ctypes.c_int * int(nij[i][j]))()
for k in range(0, int(nij[i][j])):
two_arr1[k] = data[i][j][k]
one_arr1.append(ctypes.cast(two_arr1, p_type))
p_one_arr1 = (p_type * ni[i])(*one_arr1)
c_data.append(p_one_arr1)
p_c_data = (pp_type * n)(*c_data)
res = self.cdll.DoAddPPP(c_n, ctypes.byref(c_ni), ctypes.byref(p_c_nij), ctypes.byref(p_c_data))
return res
Python准备试验数据,并调用计算类
if __name__ == '__main__':
obj = CApi()
n_count = 2
arr_n_i_data = [3, 3]
arr_n_i_j_data = [[2, 2, 2], [2, 2, 2]]
arr_data = [[[1, 1], [1, 1], [1, 1]], [[1, 1], [1, 1], [1, 1]]]
res_v = obj.set_params_threes(n_count, arr_n_i_data, arr_n_i_j_data, arr_data)
print(res_v)
注意:
1 Python代码执行和C库编译的操作系统位数是否相同(32位或64位)
2 Python导入C库时,注意C库所在目录。Python不同的版本寻找库的规则不同。
3 C库函数编译要加上 extern "C",C++在编译时会更改函数名,导致Python执行时找不到导出函数
其他:
如有修改建议,请不吝赐教!多谢~