1、定义预留空间
vector中的reserve()函数用来定义预留空间,改变capacity,不改变size。
会去分配内存,但不会构造出对象。
如果改变后的capacity比当前的capacity大,则capacity会变为改变后的capacity,反之capacity不变。
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
vector<int> vec;
vec.reserve(100);
cout<<"1) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"1) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<50;i++)
{
vec.push_back(i+1);
}
cout<<"2) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"2) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
vec.resize(105);
cout<<"3) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"3) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
vec.push_back(100+i);
}
cout<<"4) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"4) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
vec.reserve(100);
cout<<"5) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"5) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
vec.reserve(200);
cout<<"6) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"6) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
char ch[] = "abcdef";
char chh[] = {'a','b','c','d','e','f'};
cout<<"The length of ch is "<<strlen(ch)<<endl;
cout<<"The length of chh is "<<strlen(chh)<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
输出结果:
2、resize()
resize()用来改变vector的size,有可能也会改变capacity。
如果改变后的size比当前capacity大,则capacity会变大,同时构造出多出来的对象;
反之,capacity不变,同时析构一些不再需要的对象。
vec.resize(100);
cout<<"1) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"1) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
vec.resize(90);
cout<<"2) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"2) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
vec.resize(250);
cout<<"3) vec capacity is "<<vec.capacity()<<endl;
cout<<"3) vec size is "<<vec.size()<<endl;
输出:
reserve()和resize()都不会使capacity变小,但都有可能使capacity变大。
reserve()能准确控制capacity,而resize()不能,vc里是每次增大当前capacity的一半。
1)比如当前capacity是100,vec.resize(105);之后capacity变为150(增大50,100的一半),size变为105;
若当前capacity是200,vec.resize(250);之后capacity变为300(增大100,200的一半),size变为250.
2)单纯只改变capacity(),不会改变size的大小。