Pyspark的使用语法

背景

Pyspark可以主要被用来处理数据。

相关操作

配置

config("spark.executor.instances", "10") #使用多少个执行器
config("spark.sql.shuffle.partitions","1000") #讲数据shuffle多少份

基本案例

建立一个RDD

from gettext import find
import findspark
findspark.init("/home/ztw/spark")
from pyspark import SparkConf, SparkContext
#setMaster设置了Spark Master的方式为local[*]
conf = SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
sc = SparkContext(conf=conf)

rdd = sc.parallelize(["hello world", "hello spark"])
rdd2 = rdd.flatMap(lambda line:line.split(" "))
rdd3 = rdd2.map(lambda word:(word, 1))
#collect可以将RDD类型的数据转化为数组
rdd5 = rdd3.reduceByKey(lambda a,b: a+b)

print(rdd5.collect())
sc.stop()

去重

from gettext import find
import findspark
findspark.init("/home/ztw/spark")
from pyspark import SparkConf, SparkContext
conf = SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
sc = SparkContext(conf=conf)

rdd = sc.parallelize(["a","a","c"])
print("rdd.distinct().collect()",rdd.distinct().collect())
sc.stop()

对每个字符串加一个值并返回

from gettext import find
import findspark
findspark.init("/home/ztw/spark")
from pyspark import SparkConf, SparkContext
conf = SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
sc = SparkContext(conf=conf)

ress = []
def fun(x):
    return [x+"bb"]

rdd = sc.parallelize(["a","a","c"])
res = rdd.flatMap(fun)

print("res.collect()",res.collect())

sc.stop()

apply

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1847068

按照定义的函数进行相关运算

将rdd转化为dataframe

from gettext import find
import findspark
findspark.init("/home/ztw/spark")
from pyspark import SparkConf, SparkContext
from pyspark.sql.session import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql.types import *

conf = SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
sc = SparkContext(conf=conf)
spark = SparkSession(sc)

data = [('Alex','male',3),('Nancy','female',6),['Jack','male',9]] # mixed
rdd_ =  spark.sparkContext.parallelize(data)
# schema
schema = StructType([
        # true代表不为空
        StructField("name", StringType(), True),
        StructField("gender", StringType(), True),
        StructField("num", StringType(), True)
    ])
df = spark.createDataFrame(rdd_, schema=schema)  # working when the struct of data is same.
print(df.show())

转化为dataframe后实现sql查询

from gettext import find
import findspark
findspark.init("/home/ztw/spark")
from pyspark import SparkConf, SparkContext
from pyspark.sql.session import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql.types import *


conf = SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
sc = SparkContext(conf=conf)
spark = SparkSession(sc)

data = [('Alex','male',3),('Nancy','female',6),['Jack','male',9]] # mixed
rdd_ =  spark.sparkContext.parallelize(data)
# schema
schema = StructType([
        # true代表不为空
        StructField("name", StringType(), True),
        StructField("gender", StringType(), True),
        StructField("num", StringType(), True)
    ])
df = spark.createDataFrame(rdd_, schema=schema)  # working when the struct of data is same.

df.createOrReplaceTempView("df")
spark.sql("select * from df where name='Alex' ").show()

转化为dataframe后做差集

from gettext import find
import findspark
findspark.init("/home/ztw/spark")
from pyspark import SparkConf, SparkContext
from pyspark.sql.session import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql.types import *

conf = SparkConf().setAppName("WordCount").setMaster("local[*]")
sc = SparkContext(conf=conf)
spark = SparkSession(sc)

dataa = [('Alex','male',3),('Nancy','female',6),['Jack','male',9]] 
rdda =  spark.sparkContext.parallelize(dataa)
# schema
schema = StructType([
        # true代表不为空
        StructField("name", StringType(), True),
        StructField("gender", StringType(), True),
        StructField("num", StringType(), True)
    ])
dfa = spark.createDataFrame(rdda, schema=schema)  # working when the struct of data is same.

datab = [('Alex','male',4),('Nancy','female',1),['Jack','male',9]] 
rddb =  spark.sparkContext.parallelize(datab)
dfb = spark.createDataFrame(rddb, schema=schema)  # working when the struct of data is same.

newDF = dfa.select("num").subtract(dfb.select("num"))
#newDF = dfa.select("name","num","gender").subtract(dfb.select("name","num","gender"))
newDF.show()

join left等

https://blog.csdn.net/u012762410/article/details/118944914

inner求交集

对应的列填充固定值

df.fillna(0, subset=['a', 'b'])

limit

直接从spark获取前n行

limit(n)

给数据添加字段

datga.withColumn('a_name', func.lit('字段值'))

assign

可以在同一个 assign 中分配多个列，但不能引用新创建或修改的列。 Python 3.6 及更高版本的 pandas 支持此函数，但 pandas-on-Spark 不支持此函数。在pandas-on-Spark 中，首先计算所有项目，然后分配。

http://www.manongjc.com/detail/31-atwzhtjqonqyiey.html

问题

为什么要将rdd的数据转化为dataframe

因为这样的话，我们就可以直接针对HDFS等任何可以构建为RDD的数据，使用Spark SQL进行SQL查询了。这个功能是无比强大的。
想象一下，针对HDFS中的数据，直接就可以使用SQL进行查询。

参考资料

https://leetcode.cn/problems/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-lcof/solution/mian-shi-ti-20-biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-y-2/
http://www.xueai8.com/course/286/article
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/446201510 (rdd与dataframe的转换)
https://www.cnblogs.com/qi-yuan-008/p/12504882.html (rdd与dataframe的转换)
https://www.jianshu.com/p/2f9a407ba950 （做差集并集去重等）