第79天学习打卡（Mybatis 第一个mybatis程序 CRUD）

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-17 18:58:27 发布

doudoutj

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-17 18:58:27 发布

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文章标签：数据库 mybatis java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/doudoutj/article/details/115292405

版权

Mybatis

mybatis:下载地址https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3/releases

maven仓库:https://mvnrepository.com/search?q=mybatis

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>

1.2持久化

数据持久化

持久化就是将程序的数据在持久状态和瞬时状态转化的过程。
内存：断电即失
数据库（jdbc）,io文件持久化。
生活：冷藏罐头

为什么需要持久化

有一些对象，不能让他丢掉。
内存太贵了

1.3持久层

Dao层，Service层， Controller层…

完成持久化工作的代码块
层界限十分明显。

1.4为什么需要Mybatis?

帮助程序员将数据存入到数据库中
方便
传统的JDBC代码太复杂了。简化，框架。自动化
不用Mybatis也可以，更容易上手。
优点：
- 简单易学
- 灵活
- 解除sql与程序代码的耦合
- 提供映射标签，支持对象与数据库的orm字段关系映射
- 提供对象关系映射标签，支持对象关系组建维护
- 提供xml标签，支持编写动态sql。

最重要的一点：使用的人多

Spring SpringMVC SpringBoot

2.第一个Mybatis程序

思路：搭建环境–>导入Mybatis—>编写代码—>测试

2.1搭建环境

搭建数据库：

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;
USE`mybatis`;

CREATE TABLE`user`(`mybatis`
`id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL



)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES
(1,'狂神','123456'),
(2,'张三','123456'),
(3,'李四','123890')

新建项目：

1.新建一个普通的maven项目

2.删除src目录

3，导入maven依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<!--父工程-->
    <groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
    <artifactId>Mybatis-Study</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>mybatis-01</module>
    </modules>
    <dependencies>
<!--    mysql驱动-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.23</version>
    </dependency>
<!--junit-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.3</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

    <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出的失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>




</project>

2.2创建一个模块

编写mybatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

注意这两行代码：

编写mybatis工具类

package com.kuang.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.apache.ibatis.session. SqlSessionFactory ;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//工具类
//SqlSessionFactory---->sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
  static {

      try {
          //使用mybatis第一步 获取SqlSessionFactory对象
          String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
          InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
          SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
      } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }
  //既然有了 SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。
    // SqlSession 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
 
    }


}

2.3编写代码

实体类

package com.kuang.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private  String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Dao接口

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();


}

接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转换成为一个Mapper配置文件不要在里面写中文注释有的要删掉

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User" >
        select * from mybatis.user;
    </select>
</mapper>

2.4测试

junit

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import com.kuang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一：getMapper 推荐使用
        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import com.kuang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式一：getMapper
//        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
//        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

        //方式二：
        List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("com.kuang.dao.UserDao.getUserList");

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();



    }
}

可能会遇到的问题：

1.配置文件没有注册

2.绑定接口错误

3.方法名不对

4.返回类型不对

5.Maven导出资源问题

测试修改版本：

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import com.kuang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        try {
            sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            //方式一：getMapper
//        UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
//        List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

            //方式二：
            List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("com.kuang.dao.UserDao.getUserList");

            for (User user : userList) {
                System.out.println(user);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally {

            //关闭SqlSession
            sqlSession.close();


        }

    }
}

3.CRUD

1.namespace

namespace中分包名要和Dao/mapper接口的包名一致。

2. select

选择，查询语句；

id:就是对应的nsmespace中的方法名；
resultType:Sql语句执行的返回值！
parameterType:参数类型！

1.编写接口

//根据ID查询用户
    User getUserById(int id);

2.编写对应的mapper中的sql语句

    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

3.测试

 @Test
    public void getUserById(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user);

        sqlSession.close();
    }

3. Insert

    @Test
    public void addUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.addUser(new User(4, "哈哈", "123333"));
        if (res>0){
            System.out.println("插入成功！");
        }

        //提交事物
        sqlSession.commit();

        sqlSession.close();

    }

4.update

 @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        mapper.updateUser(new User(4,"doudou","123123"));

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }

5.Delete

  @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.deleteUser(4);
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }

完整代码：

UserMapper:

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {

    //查询全部用户
    List<User> getUserList();

    //根据ID查询用户
    User getUserById(int id);

    //insert一个用户名
    int addUser(User user);

    //修改用户
    int updateUser(User user);

    //删除一个用户
    int deleteUser(int id);

}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.UserMapper">
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user
    </select>

    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        insert into mybatis.user(id,`name`,pwd) values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd});
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        update mybatis.user set `name`=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id = #{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id = #{id};
    </delete>
</mapper>

User

package com.kuang.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private  String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

MybatisUtils

package com.kuang.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.apache.ibatis.session. SqlSessionFactory ;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//工具类
//SqlSessionFactory---->sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
  static {

      try {
          //使用mybatis第一步 获取SqlSessionFactory对象
          String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
          InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
         sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
      } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }
  //既然有了 SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。
    // SqlSession 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

    }


}

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

UserDaoTest

package com.kuang.dao;

import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import com.kuang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        try {
            sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            //方式一：getMapper
       UserMapper userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
      List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();

            //方式二：
         //   List<User> userList = sqlSession.selectList("com.kuang.dao.UserDao.getUserList");

            for (User user : userList) {
                System.out.println(user);
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally {

            //关闭SqlSession
            sqlSession.close();


        }

    }

    @Test
    public void getUserById(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = mapper.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user);

        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void addUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.addUser(new User(4, "哈哈", "123333"));
        if (res>0){
            System.out.println("插入成功！");
        }

        //提交事物
        sqlSession.commit();

        sqlSession.close();

    }

    @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        mapper.updateUser(new User(4,"doudou","123123"));

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.deleteUser(4);
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

注意点：

增删改需要提交事务。

6.分析错误

标签不要匹配错

resource绑定mapper,需要使用路径要用/

 <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

程序配置文件必须符合规范！
NullPointerException,没有注册到资源！
输出的xml文件中存在中文乱码问题！
输出的xml文件中存在中文乱码问题！

maven资源没有导出问题！

7.万能Map

假设，我们的实体类，或者数据库中的表，字段或者参数过多，我们应当考虑使用Map!

 //万能的Map
    int addUser2(Map<String,Object> map);

<!--对象中的属性，可以直接取出来  传递map的key-->
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.kuang.pojo.User">
        insert into mybatis.user(id,`name`,pwd) values(#{userid},#{userName},#{passWord});
    </insert>

   @Test
    public void addUser2(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        map.put("userid",5);
        map.put("userName","Hello");
        map.put("passWord","2222333");

        mapper.addUser2(map);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

Map传递参数，直接在sql中取出key即可！【parameterType=“map”】
对象传递参数，直接在sql中取对象的属性即可！【parameterType=“Object”】
只有一个基本类型参数的情况下，可以直接在sql中取到！

多个参数用Map,或者注解！

8.思考题

模糊查询怎么写？

1.Java代码执行的时候，传递通配符%%

 List<User> userList = mapper.getUserLike("%李%");

2.在sql拼接中使用通配符

select * from mybatis.user where name like"%"#{value}"%"

doudoutj

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