lvm逻辑卷和设备的快照

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-15 10:39:06 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-09-15 10:39:06 发布

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分类专栏： linux_基础

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/doupengqiang/article/details/76719333

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1：lvm

监控

 watch -n 1 'pvs;echo ===========;vgs;echo ===========;lvs;echo ===========;df -h /mnt'

fdisk /dev/vdb ##添加分区
n
t
8e ##格式8e
wq
###代码

[root@server11 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xa30e1d11.

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xa30e1d11

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):   
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +100M
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 MiB is set

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): 
Using default response p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (206848-20971519, default 206848): 
Using default value 206848
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (206848-20971519, default 20971519): +100M
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 100 MiB is set

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

pvcreate /dev/vdb1 ##创造pv（小容器）
vgcreate vg0 /dev/vdb1 ##创造vg（大容器）
lvcreate -L 100M -n lv0 vg0 #给自己喝的杯子添加
mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv0 #同时给自己喝的杯子格式化文件系统
mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /mnt #挂载
ll /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 #查看
ll /dev/vg0/lv0 #和上面同一个东西
lvextend -L 150M /dev/vg0/lv0 #lv扩充（扩充到150M）
xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0 #文件系统的扩充
fdisk /dev/vdb #pv不够了，添加，通过增加磁盘分区
pvcreate /dev/vdb2 #创造pv
vgextend vg0 /dev/vg0/lv0 #扩充容器
lvextend -L 300M /dev/vg0/lv0 #扩充杯子
xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0 #扩充文件系统

 [root@server11 Desktop]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created
[root@server11 Desktop]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully created
[root@server11 Desktop]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/vdb1
  Volume group "vg0" successfully created
[root@server11 Desktop]# vgextend vg0 /dev/vdb2
  Volume group "vg0" successfully extended
[root@server11 Desktop]# lvcreate -L 50M -n lv0 vg0
  Rounding up size to full physical extent 52.00 MiB
  Logical volume "lv0" created
[root@server11 Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv0
meta-data=/dev/vg0/lv0           isize=256    agcount=2, agsize=6656 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13312, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=853, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@server11 Desktop]# mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /mnt
[root@server11 Desktop]# ll /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug  5 01:44 /dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 -> ../dm-0
[root@server11 Desktop]# lvextend -L 80M /dev/vg0/lv0
  Extending logical volume lv0 to 80.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized
[root@server11 Desktop]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0    isize=256    agcount=2, agsize=6656 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13312, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=853, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13312 to 20480

换文件系统
umount /mnt/ #取消挂载
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/lv0 #换成ext4
lvextend -L 400M /dev/vg0/lv0 #扩充lv
resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 #扩充文件系统
umount /mnt/ #取消挂载
e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv0 #检测是否可以缩减
resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 100M #先缩减文件系统
mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /mnt #挂载
lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vg0/lv0 #缩减硬件

 [root@server11 Desktop]# umount /mnt
[root@server11 Desktop]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/lv0
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
20480 inodes, 81920 blocks
4096 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=33685504
10 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

[root@server11 Desktop]# lvextend -L 150M /dev/vg0/lv0
  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 152.00 MiB
  Extending logical volume lv0 to 152.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized
[root@server11 Desktop]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 to 155648 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 is now 155648 blocks long.

缩减时，先缩文件系统，缩文件系统要取消挂载

[root@server11 Desktop]# umount /mnt/
umount: /mnt/: not mounted
[root@server11 Desktop]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv0
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg0/lv0: 11/38912 files (9.1% non-contiguous), 10561/155648 blocks
[root@server11 Desktop]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 80M
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 to 81920 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 is now 81920 blocks long.

[root@server11 Desktop]# mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /mnt
[root@server11 Desktop]# lvreduce -L 80M /dev/vg0/lv0
  WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 80.00 MiB
  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv0? [y/n]: y
  Reducing logical volume lv0 to 80.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized
[root@server11 Desktop]#

取出正在用的pv
pvmove /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdb2 #将文件转移到 /dev/vdb2
vgreduce vg0 /dev/vdb1 #拔了
pvremove /dev/vdb2 #取了

 [root@server11 Desktop]# pvmove /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdb2
  /dev/vdb1: Moved: 15.0%
  /dev/vdb1: Moved: 100.0%
[root@server11 Desktop]# vgreduce vg0 /dev/vdb1
  Removed "/dev/vdb1" from volume group "vg0"
[root@server11 Desktop]# pvremove /dev/vdb1
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully wiped
[root@server11 Desktop]#

2：设备快照

设备快照
touch /mnt/file{1..100} 建立文件
ls /mnt/ 查看
rm -rf /mnt/* 删除
ls /mnt/ 查看
touch /mnt/file{1..100} 建立
umount /mnt 取消挂载
df 查看
ls /mnt/
lvcreate -L 20M -n lv0-backup -s /dev/vg0/lv0 #设备快照
mount /dev/vg0/lv0-backup /mnt/ 挂载
ls /mnt/
rm -rf /mnt/* 删除
ls /mnt/
umount /mnt/
lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0-backup #取消快照
lvcreate -L 20M -n lv0-backup -s /dev/vg0/lv0
mount /dev/vg0/lv0-backup /mnt/
ls /mnt/
###删除
df 查看
umount /mnt/ 取消挂载
df 查看
lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0-backup 删除lv快照
lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0 删除lv
vgremove vg0 删除vg0
pvremove /dev/vdb2 删除 vdb2
pvs ########
vgs ##查看##
lvs #######

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lvm逻辑卷和设备的快照

1：lvm监控 watch -n 1 'pvs;echo ===========;vgs;echo ===========;lvs;echo ===========;df -h /mnt'fdisk /dev/vdb ##添加分区 n t 8e ##格式8e wq ###代码[root@server11 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/v
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