1:准备工作
A 主机
[root@mailqq ~]# yum install bind -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks
rhel_dvd | 4.1 kB 00:00
Package 32:bind-9.9.4-14.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@mailqq ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
[root@mailqq ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
[root@mailqq ~]# cd /var/named/
[root@mailqq named]# ls
data named.ca named.localhost qq.com.zone westos.com.zone
dynamic named.empty named.loopback slaves
[root@mailqq named]# vim qq.com.zone
[root@mailqq named]# vim westos.com.zone
[root@mailqq named]# systemctl restart named
[root@mailqq named]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
[root@mailqq named]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
B 主机
[root@mailwestos ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
[root@mailwestos ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
2:测试
qq.com
[root@mailqq named]# dig -t mx qq.com
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-14.el7 <<>> -t mx qq.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 46927
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;qq.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
qq.com. 86400 IN MX 1 172.25.254.111.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
qq.com. 86400 IN NS dns.qq.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.qq.com. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.111
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.111#53(172.25.254.111)
;; WHEN: Fri Aug 18 21:22:34 EDT 2017
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 99
[root@mailqq named]# dig -t mx westos.com
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-14.el7 <<>> -t mx westos.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55120
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;westos.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
westos.com. 86400 IN MX 1 172.25.254.211.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
westos.com. 86400 IN NS dns.westos.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.westos.com. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.111
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.111#53(172.25.254.111)
;; WHEN: Fri Aug 18 21:22:41 EDT 2017
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 103
westos.com
[root@mailwestos ~]# dig -t mx qq.com
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-14.el7 <<>> -t mx qq.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 25057
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;qq.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
qq.com. 86400 IN MX 1 172.25.254.111.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
qq.com. 86400 IN NS dns.qq.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.qq.com. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.111
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.111#53(172.25.254.111)
;; WHEN: Fri Aug 18 21:22:54 EDT 2017
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 99
[root@mailwestos ~]# dig -t mx westos.com
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-14.el7 <<>> -t mx westos.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 35544
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;westos.com. IN MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
westos.com. 86400 IN MX 1 172.25.254.211.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
westos.com. 86400 IN NS dns.westos.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.westos.com. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.111
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.111#53(172.25.254.111)
;; WHEN: Fri Aug 18 21:22:59 EDT 2017
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 103
做完了准备工作,就可以开始发邮件了,但是,在此之前我们需要下载一些与发送邮件有关的软件
[root@mailqq named]# yum install postfix
Loaded plugins: langpacks
Package 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@mailqq named]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
[root@mailqq named]# systemctl restart postfix.service
端口查看
[root@mailwestos ~]# ss -antlpe | grep master
LISTEN 0 100 *:25 *:* users:(("master",1415,13)) ino:24115 sk:ffff880036fe1e00 <->
LISTEN 0 100 :::25 :::* users:(("master",1415,14)) ino:24116 sk:ffff880036fd9800 <->
[root@mailwestos ~]#
测试
发送邮件
[root@mailqq named]# mail root@westos.com
Subject: d
a
.
EOT
[root@mailqq named]# mailq
Mail queue is empty
发送失败邮件的移除
[root@mailqq named]# mail root@westos.com
Subject: hbkwfd
wsvf
q
ww
.
EOT
[root@mailqq named]# mailq
-Queue ID- --Size-- ----Arrival Time---- -Sender/Recipient-------
9F38AEAEE9 417 Fri Aug 18 21:48:34 root@qq.com
(connect to 172.25.254.211[172.25.254.211]:25: No route to host)
root@westos.com
-- 0 Kbytes in 1 Request.
[root@mailqq named]# postsuper -d 9F38AEAEE9
postsuper: 9F38AEAEE9: removed
postsuper: Deleted: 1 message
[root@mailqq named]# mailq
Mail queue is empty
westos接收与查看
[root@mailwestos ~]# mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 2 messages
> 1 root Fri Aug 18 03:02 23/719 "dsd"
2 root Fri Aug 18 21:34 22/712 "d"
& 2
Message 2:
From root@qq.com Fri Aug 18 21:34:04 2017
Return-Path: <root@qq.com>
X-Original-To: root@westos.com
Delivered-To: root@westos.com
Date: Fri, 18 Aug 2017 21:34:04 -0400
To: root@westos.com
Subject: d
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: root@qq.com (root)
Status: RO
a
& quit
Held 2 messages in /var/spool/mail/root
3:豆腐块密码认证
下载dovecot
[root@mailqq named]# yum install dovecot -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks
Package 1:dovecot-2.2.10-4.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
开启豆腐块,查看其状态
[root@mailqq named]# systemctl start dovecot
[root@mailqq named]# systemctl status dovecot.service
dovecot.service - Dovecot IMAP/POP3 email server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dovecot.service; disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2017-08-18 21:59:41 EDT; 20s ago
Process: 4123 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/dovecot/prestartscript (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 4126 (dovecot)
CGroup: /system.slice/dovecot.service
├─4126 /usr/sbin/dovecot -F
├─4129 dovecot/anvil
├─4130 dovecot/log
└─4132 dovecot/config
Aug 18 21:59:41 mailqq.qq.example.com systemd[1]: Starting Dovecot IMAP/POP3 em....
Aug 18 21:59:41 mailqq.qq.example.com systemd[1]: Started Dovecot IMAP/POP3 ema....
Aug 18 21:59:41 mailqq.qq.example.com dovecot[4126]: master: Dovecot v2.2.10 sta...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
查看豆腐块端口
[root@mailqq named]# ss -antlpe | grep dovecot
LISTEN 0 100 *:993 *:* users:(("dovecot",4126,39)) ino:60381 sk:ffff880036fc9e00 <->
LISTEN 0 100 *:995 *:* users:(("dovecot",4126,25)) ino:60343 sk:ffff8800382fa580 <->
LISTEN 0 100 *:110 *:* users:(("dovecot",4126,23)) ino:60341 sk:ffff8800382fad00 <->
LISTEN 0 100 *:143 *:* users:(("dovecot",4126,37)) ino:60379 sk:ffff8800382f9e00 <->
LISTEN 0 100 :::993 :::* users:(("dovecot",4126,40)) ino:60382 sk:ffff88003829a000 <->
LISTEN 0 100 :::995 :::* users:(("dovecot",4126,26)) ino:60344 sk:ffff880038298000 <->
LISTEN 0 100 :::110 :::* users:(("dovecot",4126,24)) ino:60342 sk:ffff880038298800 <->
LISTEN 0 100 :::143 :::* users:(("dovecot",4126,38)) ino:60380 sk:ffff880038299800 <->
[root@mailqq named]# mkdir /etc/skel/mail/.map/ -p ##建立相关目录
[root@mailqq named]# touch /etc/skel/mail/.map/INBOX ##建立相关文件
[root@mailqq named]# su - student
Last login: Fri Aug 18 03:59:44 EDT 2017 on pts/1
[student@mailqq ~]$ touch mail/.imap/INBOX #在接收的用户上建立目录
[root@mailqq named]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
[root@mailqq named]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
[root@mailqq named]# systemctl restart dovecot
测试机
[root@mailwestos ~]# yum install mutt -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks
rhel_dvd | 4.1 kB 00:00:00
Package 5:mutt-1.5.21-26.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@mailwestos ~]# mutt -f pop://student@172.25.254.111
注释:如果配置出现问题,可查看日至 /var/log/maillog
[root@mailqq named]# cat /var/log/maillog
Jul 10 18:18:15 localhost postfix/postfix-script[833]: starting the Postfix mail system
Jul 10 18:18:15 localhost postfix/master[835]: daemon started -- version 2.10.1, configuration /etc/postfix
Aug 16 21:07:18 localhost postfix/postfix-script[1402]: starting the Postfix mail system
Aug 16 21:07:18 localhost postfix/master[1404]: daemon started -- version 2.10.
4:thunderbird
安装包的获取与安装
[root@mailqq named]# lftp 172.25.254.250
lftp 172.25.254.250:~> cd /pub/docs/software
cd ok, cwd=/pub/docs/software
lftp 172.25.254.250:/pub/docs/software> ls
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 3086326 Dec 25 2013 phpMyAdmin-2.11.3-all-languages.tar.bz2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 4548030 Dec 25 2013 phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 2713600 Jun 07 2015 taobao.tar
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 52387876 Feb 01 2015 thunderbird-31.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 36902724 Feb 01 2015 thunderbird-31.4.0.tar.bz2
lftp 172.25.254.250:/pub/docs/software> get thunderbird-31.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
52387876 bytes transferred
lftp 172.25.254.250:/pub/docs/software> quit
[root@mailqq named]# rpm -ivh thunderbird-31.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm