ReentrantReadWriteLock是ReadWriteLock接口的实现类,接合线程使用。
(3).使用注意
读锁是排写锁操作的,读锁不排读锁操作,多个读锁可以并发不阻塞。即在读锁获取后和读锁释放之前,写锁并不能被任何线程获得,
多个读锁同时作用期间,试图获取写锁的线程都处于等待状态,当最后一个读锁释放后,试图获取写锁的线程才有机会获取写锁。
写锁是排写锁、排读锁操作的。当一个线程获取到写锁之后,其他试图获取写锁和试图获取读锁的线程都处于等待状态,直到写锁被释放。
写锁是可以获得读锁的,即:
- final ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
读锁是不能够获得写锁的,如果要加写锁,本线程必须释放所持有的读锁,即:
(1).读锁和写锁条件
1).不同一线程
读锁不互斥,读锁与写锁互斥,写锁与写锁互斥。
2).同一线程
读锁可以获得多次getReadHoldCount(),写锁可以获得多次getWriteHoldCount;
读锁下不能获得写锁,但是写锁下可以提前获得读锁。
final ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
- import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
- /**
- public class Test {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //创建并发访问的账户
- MyCount myCount = new MyCount("95599200901215522", 10000);
- //创建一个锁对象
- ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(false);
- //创建一个线程池
- ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
- //创建一些并发访问用户,一个信用卡,存的存,取的取,好热闹啊
- User u1 = new User("张三", myCount, -4000, lock, false);
- User u2 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 6000, lock, false);
- User u3 = new User("张三他弟", myCount, -8000, lock, false);
- User u4 = new User("张三", myCount, 800, lock, false);
- User u5 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 0, lock, true);
- //在线程池中执行各个用户的操作
- pool.execute(u1);
- pool.execute(u2);
- pool.execute(u3);
- pool.execute(u4);
- pool.execute(u5);
- //关闭线程池
- pool.shutdown();
- }
- }
- /**
- class User implements Runnable {
- private String name; //用户名
- private MyCount myCount; //所要操作的账户
- private int iocash; //操作的金额,当然有正负之分了
- private ReadWriteLock myLock; //执行操作所需的锁对象
- private boolean ischeck; //是否查询
- User(String name, MyCount myCount, int iocash, ReadWriteLock myLock, boolean ischeck) {
- this.name = name;
- this.myCount = myCount;
- this.iocash = iocash;
- this.myLock = myLock;
- this.ischeck = ischeck;
- }
- public void run() {
- if (ischeck) {
- //获取读锁
- myLock.readLock().lock();
- System.out.println("读:" + name + "正在查询" + myCount + "账户,当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
- //释放读锁
- myLock.readLock().unlock();
- } else {
- //获取写锁
- myLock.writeLock().lock();
- //执行现金业务
- System.out.println("写:" + name + "正在操作" + myCount + "账户,金额为" + iocash +",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
- myCount.setCash(myCount.getCash() + iocash);
- System.out.println("写:" + name + "操作" + myCount + "账户成功,金额为" + iocash +",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
- //释放写锁
- myLock.writeLock().unlock();
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- class MyCount {
- private String oid; //账号
- private int cash; //账户余额
- MyCount(String oid, int cash) {
- this.oid = oid;
- this.cash = cash;
- }
- public String getOid() {
- return oid;
- }
- public void setOid(String oid) {
- this.oid = oid;
- }
- public int getCash() {
- return cash;
- }
- public void setCash(int cash) {
- this.cash = cash;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "MyCount{" +
- "oid='" + oid + '\'' +
- ", cash=" + cash +
- '}';
- }
- }
- 写:张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=10000}账户,金额为-4000,当前金额为10000
- 写:张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户成功,金额为-4000,当前金额为6000
- 写:张三他弟正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户,金额为-8000,当前金额为6000
- 写:张三他弟操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-2000}账户成功,金额为-8000,当前金额为-2000
- 写:张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-2000}账户,金额为800,当前金额为-2000
- 写:张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户成功,金额为800,当前金额为-1200
- 读:张三他爹正在查询MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户,当前金额为-1200
- 写:张三他爹正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户,金额为6000,当前金额为-1200
- 写:张三他爹操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=4800}账户成功,金额为6000,当前金额为4800
- Process finished with exit code 0