windows下安装setuptools,pip,virtualenv

1.复制以下代码到新建文件ez_setup.py中保存

#!python
"""Bootstrap setuptools installation

If you want to use setuptools in your package's setup.py, just include this
file in the same directory with it, and add this to the top of your setup.py::

    from ez_setup import use_setuptools
    use_setuptools()

If you want to require a specific version of setuptools, set a download
mirror, or use an alternate download directory, you can do so by supplying
the appropriate options to ``use_setuptools()``.

This file can also be run as a script to install or upgrade setuptools.
"""
import sys
DEFAULT_VERSION = "0.6c11"
DEFAULT_URL     = "http://pypi.python.org/packages/%s/s/setuptools/" % sys.version[:3]

md5_data = {
    'setuptools-0.6b1-py2.3.egg': '8822caf901250d848b996b7f25c6e6ca',
    'setuptools-0.6b1-py2.4.egg': 'b79a8a403e4502fbb85ee3f1941735cb',
    'setuptools-0.6b2-py2.3.egg': '5657759d8a6d8fc44070a9d07272d99b',
    'setuptools-0.6b2-py2.4.egg': '4996a8d169d2be661fa32a6e52e4f82a',
    'setuptools-0.6b3-py2.3.egg': 'bb31c0fc7399a63579975cad9f5a0618',
    'setuptools-0.6b3-py2.4.egg': '38a8c6b3d6ecd22247f179f7da669fac',
    'setuptools-0.6b4-py2.3.egg': '62045a24ed4e1ebc77fe039aa4e6f7e5',
    'setuptools-0.6b4-py2.4.egg': '4cb2a185d228dacffb2d17f103b3b1c4',
    'setuptools-0.6c1-py2.3.egg': 'b3f2b5539d65cb7f74ad79127f1a908c',
    'setuptools-0.6c1-py2.4.egg': 'b45adeda0667d2d2ffe14009364f2a4b',
    'setuptools-0.6c10-py2.3.egg': 'ce1e2ab5d3a0256456d9fc13800a7090',
    'setuptools-0.6c10-py2.4.egg': '57d6d9d6e9b80772c59a53a8433a5dd4',
    'setuptools-0.6c10-py2.5.egg': 'de46ac8b1c97c895572e5e8596aeb8c7',
    'setuptools-0.6c10-py2.6.egg': '58ea40aef06da02ce641495523a0b7f5',
    'setuptools-0.6c11-py2.3.egg': '2baeac6e13d414a9d28e7ba5b5a596de',
    'setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg': 'bd639f9b0eac4c42497034dec2ec0c2b',
    'setuptools-0.6c11-py2.5.egg': '64c94f3bf7a72a13ec83e0b24f2749b2',
    'setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg': 'bfa92100bd772d5a213eedd356d64086',
    'setuptools-0.6c2-py2.3.egg': 'f0064bf6aa2b7d0f3ba0b43f20817c27',
    'setuptools-0.6c2-py2.4.egg': '616192eec35f47e8ea16cd6a122b7277',
    'setuptools-0.6c3-py2.3.egg': 'f181fa125dfe85a259c9cd6f1d7b78fa',
    'setuptools-0.6c3-py2.4.egg': 'e0ed74682c998bfb73bf803a50e7b71e',
    'setuptools-0.6c3-py2.5.egg': 'abef16fdd61955514841c7c6bd98965e',
    'setuptools-0.6c4-py2.3.egg': 'b0b9131acab32022bfac7f44c5d7971f',
    'setuptools-0.6c4-py2.4.egg': '2a1f9656d4fbf3c97bf946c0a124e6e2',
    'setuptools-0.6c4-py2.5.egg': '8f5a052e32cdb9c72bcf4b5526f28afc',
    'setuptools-0.6c5-py2.3.egg': 'ee9fd80965da04f2f3e6b3576e9d8167',
    'setuptools-0.6c5-py2.4.egg': 'afe2adf1c01701ee841761f5bcd8aa64',
    'setuptools-0.6c5-py2.5.egg': 'a8d3f61494ccaa8714dfed37bccd3d5d',
    'setuptools-0.6c6-py2.3.egg': '35686b78116a668847237b69d549ec20',
    'setuptools-0.6c6-py2.4.egg': '3c56af57be3225019260a644430065ab',
    'setuptools-0.6c6-py2.5.egg': 'b2f8a7520709a5b34f80946de5f02f53',
    'setuptools-0.6c7-py2.3.egg': '209fdf9adc3a615e5115b725658e13e2',
    'setuptools-0.6c7-py2.4.egg': '5a8f954807d46a0fb67cf1f26c55a82e',
    'setuptools-0.6c7-py2.5.egg': '45d2ad28f9750e7434111fde831e8372',
    'setuptools-0.6c8-py2.3.egg': '50759d29b349db8cfd807ba8303f1902',
    'setuptools-0.6c8-py2.4.egg': 'cba38d74f7d483c06e9daa6070cce6de',
    'setuptools-0.6c8-py2.5.egg': '1721747ee329dc150590a58b3e1ac95b',
    'setuptools-0.6c9-py2.3.egg': 'a83c4020414807b496e4cfbe08507c03',
    'setuptools-0.6c9-py2.4.egg': '260a2be2e5388d66bdaee06abec6342a',
    'setuptools-0.6c9-py2.5.egg': 'fe67c3e5a17b12c0e7c541b7ea43a8e6',
    'setuptools-0.6c9-py2.6.egg': 'ca37b1ff16fa2ede6e19383e7b59245a',
}

import sys, os
try: from hashlib import md5
except ImportError: from md5 import md5

def _validate_md5(egg_name, data):
    if egg_name in md5_data:
        digest = md5(data).hexdigest()
        if digest != md5_data[egg_name]:
            print >>sys.stderr, (
                "md5 validation of %s failed!  (Possible download problem?)"
                % egg_name
            )
            sys.exit(2)
    return data

def use_setuptools(
    version=DEFAULT_VERSION, download_base=DEFAULT_URL, to_dir=os.curdir,
    download_delay=15
):
    """Automatically find/download setuptools and make it available on sys.path

    `version` should be a valid setuptools version number that is available
    as an egg for download under the `download_base` URL (which should end with
    a '/').  `to_dir` is the directory where setuptools will be downloaded, if
    it is not already available.  If `download_delay` is specified, it should
    be the number of seconds that will be paused before initiating a download,
    should one be required.  If an older version of setuptools is installed,
    this routine will print a message to ``sys.stderr`` and raise SystemExit in
    an attempt to abort the calling script.
    """
    was_imported = 'pkg_resources' in sys.modules or 'setuptools' in sys.modules
    def do_download():
        egg = download_setuptools(version, download_base, to_dir, download_delay)
        sys.path.insert(0, egg)
        import setuptools; setuptools.bootstrap_install_from = egg
    try:
        import pkg_resources
    except ImportError:
        return do_download()       
    try:
        pkg_resources.require("setuptools>="+version); return
    except pkg_resources.VersionConflict, e:
        if was_imported:
            print >>sys.stderr, (
            "The required version of setuptools (>=%s) is not available, and\n"
            "can't be installed while this script is running. Please install\n"
            " a more recent version first, using 'easy_install -U setuptools'."
            "\n\n(Currently using %r)"
            ) % (version, e.args[0])
            sys.exit(2)
    except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
        pass

    del pkg_resources, sys.modules['pkg_resources']    # reload ok
    return do_download()

def download_setuptools(
    version=DEFAULT_VERSION, download_base=DEFAULT_URL, to_dir=os.curdir,
    delay = 15
):
    """Download setuptools from a specified location and return its filename

    `version` should be a valid setuptools version number that is available
    as an egg for download under the `download_base` URL (which should end
    with a '/'). `to_dir` is the directory where the egg will be downloaded.
    `delay` is the number of seconds to pause before an actual download attempt.
    """
    import urllib2, shutil
    egg_name = "setuptools-%s-py%s.egg" % (version,sys.version[:3])
    url = download_base + egg_name
    saveto = os.path.join(to_dir, egg_name)
    src = dst = None
    if not os.path.exists(saveto):  # Avoid repeated downloads
        try:
            from distutils import log
            if delay:
                log.warn("""
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This script requires setuptools version %s to run (even to display
help).  I will attempt to download it for you (from
%s), but
you may need to enable firewall access for this script first.
I will start the download in %d seconds.

(Note: if this machine does not have network access, please obtain the file

   %s

and place it in this directory before rerunning this script.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------""",
                    version, download_base, delay, url
                ); from time import sleep; sleep(delay)
            log.warn("Downloading %s", url)
            src = urllib2.urlopen(url)
            # Read/write all in one block, so we don't create a corrupt file
            # if the download is interrupted.
            data = _validate_md5(egg_name, src.read())
            dst = open(saveto,"wb"); dst.write(data)
        finally:
            if src: src.close()
            if dst: dst.close()
    return os.path.realpath(saveto)

def main(argv, version=DEFAULT_VERSION):
    """Install or upgrade setuptools and EasyInstall"""
    try:
        import setuptools
    except ImportError:
        egg = None
        try:
            egg = download_setuptools(version, delay=0)
            sys.path.insert(0,egg)
            from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
            return main(list(argv)+[egg])   # we're done here
        finally:
            if egg and os.path.exists(egg):
                os.unlink(egg)
    else:
        if setuptools.__version__ == '0.0.1':
            print >>sys.stderr, (
            "You have an obsolete version of setuptools installed.  Please\n"
            "remove it from your system entirely before rerunning this script."
            )
            sys.exit(2)

    req = "setuptools>="+version
    import pkg_resources
    try:
        pkg_resources.require(req)
    except pkg_resources.VersionConflict:
        try:
            from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
        except ImportError:
            from easy_install import main
        main(list(argv)+[download_setuptools(delay=0)])
        sys.exit(0) # try to force an exit
    else:
        if argv:
            from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
            main(argv)
        else:
            print "Setuptools version",version,"or greater has been installed."
            print '(Run "ez_setup.py -U setuptools" to reinstall or upgrade.)'

def update_md5(filenames):
    """Update our built-in md5 registry"""

    import re

    for name in filenames:
        base = os.path.basename(name)
        f = open(name,'rb')
        md5_data[base] = md5(f.read()).hexdigest()
        f.close()

    data = ["    %r: %r,\n" % it for it in md5_data.items()]
    data.sort()
    repl = "".join(data)

    import inspect
    srcfile = inspect.getsourcefile(sys.modules[__name__])
    f = open(srcfile, 'rb'); src = f.read(); f.close()

    match = re.search("\nmd5_data = {\n([^}]+)}", src)
    if not match:
        print >>sys.stderr, "Internal error!"
        sys.exit(2)

    src = src[:match.start(1)] + repl + src[match.end(1):]
    f = open(srcfile,'w')
    f.write(src)
    f.close()


if __name__=='__main__':
    if len(sys.argv)>2 and sys.argv[1]=='--md5update':
        update_md5(sys.argv[2:])
    else:
        main(sys.argv[1:])

2.保证电脑联网，在命令窗口下执行这个文件（注意文件的存放位置）

F:\>ez_setup.py

**3.这时就会看到安装成功了，以下我又安装了**djangorestframework-3.2.3。下载安装包djangorestframework-3.2.3.tar，解压之后，执行安装即可。

C:\Users\zhangl\Desktop\djangorestframework-3.2.3\djangorestframework-3.2.3>python setup.py install

4.restframework就这样愉快的安装了，其他的包类似

5.windows下安装pip工具
下载get_pip.py文件到电脑中
http://download.csdn.net/detail/dqchouyang/9288933

F:\>python get_pip.py

6.检查下系统环境变量（path）是否包含
c:\python27和c:\python27\scripts，没有要添加的。

7.安装virtualenv工具

pip install virtualenv

8.创建虚拟环境

virtualenv envname

9.使用虚拟环境
windows环境中进入 envname文件夹中

>Scripts\activate

10.关闭虚拟环境

>deactivate

11.可能出现的问题
一.报错setuptools pip failed with error code 2
这个问题是virtualenv的版本问题，你可以查看下virtualenv的当前版本（virtualenv --version），如果不是 1.10.1 这个版本的话，你需要先卸载当前版本（pip uninstall virtualenv），然后再安装（pip install virtualenv==1.10.1），就可以了。

二.问题一解决之后，如果在执行（virtualenv envname）时，又报错setuptools pip wheel failed with error code 1，那么请加点参数再执行下（virtualenv envname --no-setuptools --no-pip），即可解决，下面就可以疯狂的pip install pagename 了。