declare-styleable中format详解

我们在做项目的时候，由于android自带的属性不能满足需求，android提供了自定义属性的方法，其中的format是做什么用的？以及如何使用它？下面列出一些常用的。
reference：参考某一资源ID。
在自定义控件中declare-styleable标签下我们经常需要使用一些自定义控件需要的属性：

<attr name = "background" format = "reference" />
 android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

 <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />
 android:textColor = "#00FF00"

 <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />
 android:focusable = "true"

 <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />
 android:layout_width = "42dp"

<attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
android:fromAlpha = "1.0"

<attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
 android:frameDuration = "1000" 

 <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
android:apiKey = "defa2312312sdas9uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

<attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
 android:pivotY = "300%"

<attr name="orientation">
	 <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
	 <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
</attr>           
android:orientation = "vertical"

<attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
    <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
    <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
    <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
    <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
    <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
    <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
    <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
    <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
    <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
    <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
</attr>        

 <activity
   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
   android:label = "@string/app_name"
   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">
   <intent-filter>
	  <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
	  <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
   </intent-filter>
</activity>

特别要注意： 属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。
 <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />
 android:background = "@drawableic_launcher|#00FF00"