springcloud简介
- 一、什么是springcloud
- 二、关于springcloud的网站
- 三、Spring Cloud 现状
- 四、Spring Cloud 优缺点
- 五、创建一个项目来介绍springcloud
- 创建服务消费者microservice-student-consumer-80
今天要讲解的问题
1、springcloud解决了什么问题?
2、最简单的分布式架构的项目
一个消费者一个生产者
3、引入eureka初步解决可能的服务宕机的问题
初步理解注册中心的作用
4、配置注册中心中的服务的联系负责人
一、什么是springcloud
Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发,如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等,都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring Cloud并没有重复制造轮子,它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验的服务框架组合起来,通过Spring Boot风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理,最终给开发者留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。
二、关于springcloud的网站
三、Spring Cloud 现状
目前,国内使用 Spring Cloud 技术的公司并不多见,不是因为 Spring Cloud 不好,主要原因有以下几点:
1、Spring Cloud 中文文档较少,出现问题网上没有太多的解决方案。
2、国内创业型公司技术老大大多是阿里系员工,而阿里系多采用 Dubbo 来构建微服务架构。
3、大型公司基本都有自己的分布式解决方案,而中小型公司的架构很多用不上微服务,所以没有采用 Spring Cloud 的必要性。
但是,微服务架构是一个趋势,而 Spring Cloud 是微服务解决方案的佼佼者,这也是作者写本系列课程的意义所在
四、Spring Cloud 优缺点
优点有:
1、集大成者,Spring Cloud 包含了微服务架构的方方面面。/
2、约定优于配置,基于注解,没有配置文件。
3、轻量级组件,Spring Cloud 整合的组件大多比较轻量级,且都是各自领域的佼佼者。
4、开发简便,Spring Cloud 对各个组件进行了大量的封装,从而简化了开发。
5、开发灵活,Spring Cloud 的组件都是解耦的,开发人员可以灵活按需选择组件。
缺点:
1、项目结构复杂,每一个组件或者每一个服务都需要创建一个项目。
2、部署门槛高,项目部署需要配合 Docker 等容器技术进行集群部署,而要想深入了解 Docker,学习成本高。
五、创建一个项目来介绍springcloud
1、创建父工程microservice
1、创建一个项目
2、更改pom.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zking</groupId>
<artifactId>t243microservice</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>t243microservice</name>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<druid.version>1.1.10</druid.version>
</properties>
<!--锁定pom依赖jar包都是并不实际引入-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Edgware.SR4</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
2、创建通用模块microservice-common
1、创建一个spring项目
2、在MicroserviceCommonApplication中添加下面的注解
3、写一个entity类,创建表数据
package com.zking.microservicecommon.entity;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author 小七
* @create 2020-12-10 11:27
*/
@Entity
@Table(name="t_springcloud_student")
public class Student implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Integer id;
@Column(length=50)
private String name;
@Column(length=50)
private String grade;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
}
3、创建服务提供者microservice-student-provider-1001
1、在项目中在创建一个springboot的项目
再一直下一步就好
修改pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.zking</groupId>
<artifactId>t243microservice</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservice-student-provider-1001</artifactId>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.javaxl</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice-common</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
配置yml文件
server:
port: 1001
context-path: /
spring:
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
username: mybatis_ssm
password: xiaoli
jpa:
hibernate:
ddl-auto: update
show-sql: true
package com.zking.microservicestudentprovider1001.repository;
import com.zking.microservicecommon.entity.Student;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
public interface StudentRepository extends JpaRepository<Student, Integer>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Student> {
}
在实现一下
controller
package com.zking.microservicestudentprovider1001.controller;
import com.javaxl.microservicecommon.entity.Student;
import com.javaxl.microservicestudentprovider1001.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentProviderController {
@Autowired
private StudentService studentService;
@PostMapping(value="/save")
public boolean save(Student student){
try{
studentService.save(student);
return true;
}catch(Exception e){
return false;
}
}
@GetMapping(value="/list")
public List<Student> list(){
return studentService.list();
}
@GetMapping(value="/get/{id}")
public Student get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return studentService.findById(id);
}
@GetMapping(value="/delete/{id}")
public boolean delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
try{
studentService.delete(id);
return true;
}catch(Exception e){
return false;
}
}
}
创建服务消费者microservice-student-consumer-80
1、修改pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.zking</groupId>
<artifactId>testSpringcloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservice-student-consumer-80</artifactId>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zking</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice-common</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
yml文件
server:
port: 80
context-path: /
MicroserviceStudentConsumer80Application
package com.javaxl.microservicestudentconsumer80;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration;
@SpringBootApplication(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class})
public class MicroserviceStudentConsumer80Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MicroserviceStudentConsumer80Application.class, args);
}
}
SpringCloudConfig
package com.javaxl.microservicestudentconsumer80.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class SpringCloudConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}