非对称加密：RSA

pom.xml中Base64依赖：

		<!-- base64 -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
		    <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
		    <version>1.10</version>
		</dependency>

工具类：

public class RSAUtils {

    /**
     * 用于封装随机产生的公钥与私钥
     */
    private static Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 生成公钥和私钥
        genKeyPair();
        // 加密字符串
        String message = "123456abc";
        System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为:" + keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为:" + keyMap.get(1));
        String messageEn = encrypt(message, keyMap.get(0));
        System.out.println(message + "\t加密后的字符串为:" + messageEn);
        String messageDe = decrypt(messageEn, keyMap.get(1));
        System.out.println("还原后的字符串为:" + messageDe);
    }

    /**
     * 获取私钥解密
     * @return
     */
    public static String getPrivateKey() {
        return keyMap.get(1);
    }

    /**
     * 随机生成密钥对
     *
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     */
    public static void genKeyPair() {
        try {
            // KeyPairGenerator类用于生成公钥和私钥对，基于RSA算法生成对象
            KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
            // 初始化密钥对生成器，密钥大小为96-1024位
            keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
            // 生成一个密钥对，保存在keyPair中
            KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
            RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); // 得到私钥
            RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); // 得到公钥
            String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));
            // 得到私钥字符串
            String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64((privateKey.getEncoded())));
            // 将公钥和私钥保存到Map
            keyMap.put(0, publicKeyString); // 0表示公钥
            keyMap.put(1, privateKeyString); // 1表示私钥
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * RSA公钥加密
     *
     * @param str
     *            加密字符串
     * @param publicKey
     *            公钥
     * @return 密文
     * @throws Exception
     *             加密过程中的异常信息
     */
    public static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) {
        // base64编码的公钥
        String outStr = null;
        try {
            byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
            RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
            // RSA加密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
            outStr = Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes("UTF-8")));

        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return outStr;
    }

    /**
     * RSA私钥解密
     *
     * @param str
     *            加密字符串
     * @param privateKey
     *            私钥
     * @return 铭文
     * @throws Exception
     *             解密过程中的异常信息
     */
    public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey) {
        String outStr = null;
        try {
            // 64位解码加密后的字符串
            byte[] inputByte = Base64.decodeBase64(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            // base64编码的私钥
            byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
            RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));
            // RSA解密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);
            outStr = new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return outStr;
    }

}