build

什么是build ？

stackoverflow上一位哥们这么说的：

Building means many things to many people, but in general it means starting with source files produced by developers and ending with things like installation packages that are ready for deployment.

"The build" can contain many things:

• Compilation of source files (for languages/environments that support a separate/explicit compilation step)
• Linking of object code (for languages/environments that support a separate/explicit linking step)
• Production of distribution packages, also called "installers"
• Generation of documentation that is embedded within the source code files, e.g. Doxygen, Javadoc
• Execution of automated tests like unit tests, static analysis tests, and performance tests
• Generation of reports that tell the development team how many warnings and errors occurred during the build
• Deployment of distribution packages. For example, the build could automatically deploy/publish a new version of a web application (assuming that the build is successful).

"The build" can be done "by hand" or it can be automated, or some hybrid of the two. A manual build is a build that requires build commands like compilers to be executed one by one. An automated build packages together all of the individual build tools into a large build program that can be (ideally) run in a single step.

build 工具

Ant

Apache Tutorial

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eclipse中的java build

Build Classpath

The build classpath specifies which Java source files and resource files in a project are considered by the Java builder and specifies how to find types outside of the project. The Java builder compiles the Java source files into the output folder and also copies the resources into it. The build classpath is specified for each project. In the project properties, it is referred to as the Java Build Path。

Java Builder

The Java builder builds Java programs using its own compiler (the Eclipse Compiler for Java) that implements the Java Language Specification.  The Java builder can build programs incrementally as individual Java files are saved. Note that the Eclipse Compiler for Java can also be invoked using Ant as described in the Using the ant javac adapter section.

Java Build Path

Source tab

Source folders are top-level folders in the project hierarchy. They are the root of packages containing .java files. The compiler will translate the contained files to .class files that will be written to the output folder.

Projects tab

In the Required projects on the build path list, you can add project dependencies by selecting other workbench projects to add to the build path for this new project.

Adding a required project indirectly adds all its classpath entries marked as 'exported'. Setting a classpath entry as exported is done in the Order and Export tab.

The projects selected here are automatically added to the referenced projects list. The referenced project list is used to determine the build order. A project is always build after all its referenced projects are built.

Libraries tab

On this page, you can add libraries to the build path.

By default, the library list contains an entry representing the Java runtime library. 

Order and Export tab

In the   Build class path order   list, you can click the   Up   and   Down   buttons to move the selected path entry up or down in the build path order for this new project.

Checked list entries are marked as exported. Exported entries are visible to projects that require the project. Use the  Select All  and  Deselect All  to change the checked state of all entries. Source folders are always exported, and can not be deselected.