callable 的用法

Callable 和 Runnable 的使用方法大同小异， 区别在于：
1.Callable 使用 call（） 方法， Runnable 使用 run() 方法
2.call() 可以返回值， 而 run()方法不能返回。
3.call() 可以抛出受检查的异常，比如ClassNotFoundException， 而run()不能抛出受检查的异常。
Callable示例如下：
Java代码
class TaskWithResult implements Callable<String> {
private int id;

public TaskWithResult(int id) {
this.id = id;
}

@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
return "result of TaskWithResult " + id;
}
}

public class CallableTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,
ExecutionException {
ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
ArrayList<Future<String>> results = new ArrayList<Future<String>>(); //Future 相当于是用来存放Executor执行的结果的一种容器
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
results.add(exec.submit(new TaskWithResult(i)));
}
for (Future<String> fs : results) {
if (fs.isDone()) {
System.out.println(fs.get());
} else {
System.out.println("Future result is not yet complete");
}
}
exec.shutdown();
}
}

执行结果
Java代码
result of TaskWithResult 0
result of TaskWithResult 1
result of TaskWithResult 2
result of TaskWithResult 3
result of TaskWithResult 4
result of TaskWithResult 5
result of TaskWithResult 6
result of TaskWithResult 7
result of TaskWithResult 8
result of TaskWithResult 9

Runnable示例：

Java代码
public class LiftOff implements Runnable {

protected int countDown = 10;
private static int taskCount = 0;
private final int id = taskCount++;

public LiftOff() {

}

public LiftOff(int countDown) {
this.countDown = countDown;
}

public String status() {
return "#" + id + "(" + (countDown > 0 ? countDown : "LiftOff! ") + ")";
}

@Override
public void run() {
while (countDown-- > 0) {
System.out.print(status());
Thread.yield();
}
System.out.println();
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
exec.execute(new LiftOff());
}
exec.shutdown();
}
}

执行结果
Java代码
#0(9)#0(8)#0(7)#0(6)#0(5)#0(4)#0(3)#0(2)#0(1)#0(LiftOff! )
#1(9)#1(8)#1(7)#1(6)#1(5)#1(4)#1(3)#1(2)#1(1)#1(LiftOff! )
#2(9)#2(8)#2(7)#2(6)#2(5)#2(4)#2(3)#2(2)#2(1)#2(LiftOff! )
#3(9)#3(8)#3(7)#3(6)#3(5)#3(4)#3(3)#3(2)#3(1)#3(LiftOff! )
#4(9)#4(8)#4(7)#4(6)#4(5)#4(4)#4(3)#4(2)#4(1)#4(LiftOff! )