RabbitMQ学习之Exchange

直接交换（Direct exchange）

发送端

package Rabbitmq.发布订阅.Direct;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * Author: dyh
 * Date:   2019/5/14
 * Description:
 */
public class LogDirect {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";
    private static final String[] LOG_LEVEL_ARR = {"debug", "info", "error"};

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"direct");
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)  {
            int rand = new Random().nextInt(3);
            String severity  = LOG_LEVEL_ARR[rand];
            String message = "duyuanhao-MSG log : [" +severity+ "]" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
            // 发布消息至交换器
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, severity, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        }

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

接收端

package Rabbitmq.发布订阅.Direct;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * Author: dyh
 * Date:   2019/5/14
 * Description:
 */
public class ReceiveLogsDirect {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_logs";
    private static final String[] LOG_LEVEL_ARR = {"debug", "info", "error"};

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"direct");
        // 设置日志级别
        int rand = new Random().nextInt(3);
        String severity  = LOG_LEVEL_ARR[rand];
        // 创建一个非持久的、唯一的、自动删除的队列
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        // 绑定交换器和队列
        // queueBind(String queue, String exchange, String routingKey)
        // 参数1 queue ：队列名
        // 参数2 exchange ：交换器名
        // 参数3 routingKey ：路由键名
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, severity);
        final Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
                                       AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
    }
}

开启3个接收端 1个发送端

 

3个接收端分别收到了自己自己级别的消息

由此可知 Direct模式：消息中的路由键（routing key）如果和 Binding 中的 binding key 一致，交换器就将消息发到对应的队列中。它是完全匹配、单播的模式。

 

主题交换（Topic exchange）

使用 topic 类型的交换器，不能有任意的绑定键，它必须是由点隔开的一系列的标识符组成。标识符可以是任何东西，但通常它们指定与消息相关联的一些功能。其中，有几个有效的绑定键，例如 “stock.usd.nyse”， “nyse.vmw”， “quick.orange.rabbit”。可以有任何数量的标识符，最多可达 255 个字节。

topic 类型的交换器和 direct 类型的交换器很类似，一个特定路由的消息将被传递到与匹配的绑定键绑定的匹配的所有队列。关于绑定键有两种有两个重要的特殊情况：

1. * 可以匹配一个标识符。
2. # 可以匹配零个或多个标识符。

在这个例子中，我们将发送所有描述动物的消息。消息将使用由三个字（两个点）组成的绑定键发送。绑定键中的第一个字将描述速度，第二个颜色和第三个种类：“..”。其中， Q1 对所有的橙色动物感兴趣。而 Q2 想听听有关兔子的一切，以及关于懒惰动物的一切。

如果我们违反合同并发送一个或四个字的消息，如 “quick.orange.male.rabbit” 会发生什么？那么，这些消息将不会匹配任何绑定，并将被丢失。

topic 类型的交换器是强大的，可以实现其他类型的交换器。

当一个队列与“＃”绑定绑定键时，它将接收所有消息，类似 fanout 类型的交换器。

当一个队列与“*”和“＃”在绑定中不被使用时，类似 direct 类型的交换器。

 

发送端

package Rabbitmq.发布订阅.主题;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * Author: dyh
 * Date:   2019/5/14
 * Description:
 */
public class LogTopic {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";
    private static final String[] LOG_LEVEL_ARR = {"dao.debug", "dao.info", "dao.error",
            "service.debug", "service.info", "service.error",
            "controller.debug", "controller.info", "controller.error"};

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"topic");
        for (String severity : LOG_LEVEL_ARR) {
            String message = "duyuanhao-MSG log : [" +severity+ "]" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
            // 发布消息至交换器
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, severity, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
        }

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

接收端

package Rabbitmq.发布订阅.主题;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * Author: dyh
 * Date:   2019/5/14
 * Description:
 */
public class ReceiveLogsTopic {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";
    private static final String[] LOG_LEVEL_ARR = {"#", "dao.error", "*.error", "dao.*", "service.#", "*.controller.#"};

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("localhost");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
        // 设置日志级别
        int rand = new Random().nextInt(5);
        String severity  = LOG_LEVEL_ARR[rand];
        // 创建一个非持久的、唯一的、自动删除的队列
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        // 绑定交换器和队列
        // queueBind(String queue, String exchange, String routingKey)
        // 参数1 queue ：队列名
        // 参数2 exchange ：交换器名
        // 参数3 routingKey ：路由键名
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, severity);
        System.out.println(" [*] LOG INFO : " + severity);
        final Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
                                       AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
                System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
    }
}

 开启多个接收端 一个发送端

 

 

可以看出都得到了匹配的消息 

 

完整代码

https://github.com/dyhdsg123456/Mq_Study