汉字转拼音

需要使用jar包<dependency> <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId> <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency>

import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinVCharType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException;

/**
 * 拼音使用工具类
 * 
 *
 */
public class PinyinUtil {

	/**
	 * 获取中文汉字拼音 默认输出
	 * 
	 * @param chinese
	 *            中文汉字
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPinyin(String chinese) {
		return getPinyinZh_CN(convertStringByChinese(chinese));
	}

	/**
	 * 拼音大写输出
	 * 
	 * @param chinese
	 *            中文汉字
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPinyinToUpperCase(String chinese) {
		return getPinyinZh_CN(convertStringByChinese(chinese)).toUpperCase();
	}

	/**
	 * 拼音小写输出
	 * 
	 * @param chinese
	 *            中文汉字
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPinyinToLowerCase(String chinese) {
		return getPinyinZh_CN(convertStringByChinese(chinese)).toLowerCase();
	}

	/**
	 * 首字母大写输出
	 * 
	 * @param chinese
	 *            中文汉字
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPinyinFirstToUpperCase(String chinese) {
		return getPinyin(chinese);
	}

	/**
	 * Default Format 默认输出格式 小或大写、 没有音调数字、u显示
	 * 
	 * @param
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	private static HanyuPinyinOutputFormat getDefaultFormat() {
		HanyuPinyinOutputFormat format = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
		format.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);// 小写
		format.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);// 没有音调数字
		format.setVCharType(HanyuPinyinVCharType.WITH_U_AND_COLON);// u显示
		return format;
	}

	/**
	 * 字符集转换
	 * 
	 * @param chinese
	 *            中文汉字
	 * @throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination
	 */
	private static Set<String> convertStringByChinese(String chinese) {
		char[] chars = chinese.toCharArray();
		if (chinese != null && !chinese.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
			char[] srcChar = chinese.toCharArray();
			String[][] temp = new String[chinese.length()][];
			for (int i = 0; i < srcChar.length; i++) {
				char c = srcChar[i];
				// 是中文（a-z、A-Z）转换拼音
				if (String.valueOf(c).matches("[\\u4E00-\\u9FA5]+")
						|| String.valueOf(c).matches("[\\u3007]")) {
					try {
						temp[i] = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(
								chars[i], getDefaultFormat());

					} catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				} else {
					temp[i] = new String[] { String.valueOf(srcChar[i]) };
				}
			}
			String[] pingyinArray = exchange(temp);
			Set<String> pinyin = new HashSet<String>();
			pinyin.add(pingyinArray[0]);
			//for (int i = 0; i < pingyinArray.length; i++) {
			//	pinyin.add(pingyinArray[i]);
			//}
			return pinyin;
		}
		return null;
	}



	/**
	 * 递归
	 * 
	 * @param strJaggedArray
	 * @return
	 */
	private static String[] exchange(String[][] strJaggedArray) {
		String[][] temp = doExchange(strJaggedArray);
		return temp[0];
	}

	/**
	 * 递归
	 * 
	 * @param strJaggedArray
	 * @return
	 */
	private static String[][] doExchange(String[][] strJaggedArray) {
		int len = strJaggedArray.length;
		if (len >= 2) {
			int len1 = strJaggedArray[0].length;
			int len2 = strJaggedArray[1].length;
			int newlen = len1 * len2;
			String[] temp = new String[newlen];
			int index = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
				for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++) {
					temp[index] = capitalize(strJaggedArray[0][i])
							+ capitalize(strJaggedArray[1][j]);
					index++;
				}
			}
			String[][] newArray = new String[len - 1][];
			for (int i = 2; i < len; i++) {
				newArray[i - 1] = strJaggedArray[i];
			}
			newArray[0] = temp;
			return doExchange(newArray);
		} else {
			return strJaggedArray;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 首字母大写
	 * 
	 * @param s
	 * @return
	 */
	private static String capitalize(String s) {
		char[] ch = s.toCharArray();
		if (ch != null && ch.length > 0) {
			if (ch[0] >= 'a' && ch[0] <= 'z'){
				ch[0] = (char) (ch[0] - 32);
			}
		}
		return new String(ch);
	}

	/**
	 * 字符串集合转换字符串(逗号分隔)
	 * 
	 * @param stringSet
	 * @return
	 */
	private static String getPinyinZh_CN(Set<String> stringSet) {
		StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
		int i = 0;
		for (String s : stringSet) {
			if (i == stringSet.size() - 1) {
				str.append(s);
			} else {
				str.append(s + ",");
			}
			i++;
		}
		return str.toString();
	}

	
	/**
	 * 返回中文的首字母
	 * 
	 * @param chinese
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPinYinHeadChar(String chinese) {
		StringBuffer pinyin = new StringBuffer();
		if (chinese != null && !chinese.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
			for (int j = 0; j < chinese.length(); j++) {
				char word = chinese.charAt(j);
				String[] pinyinArray = PinyinHelper
						.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(word);
				if (pinyinArray != null) {
					pinyin.append(pinyinArray[0].charAt(0));
				} else {
					pinyin.append(word);
				}
			}
		}
		return pinyin.toString();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 去除特殊字符
	 * @param
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String  strFilter(String   str)   throws   PatternSyntaxException   {      
         // 只允许字母和数字        
         // String   regEx  =  "[^a-zA-Z0-9]";                      
            // 清除掉所有特殊字符   
	   String regEx="[`~!@#$%^&*()+=|{}':;',\\[\\].<>/?~！@#￥%……&*（）——+|{}【】‘；：”“’。，、？\"]";   
	   Pattern   p   =   Pattern.compile(regEx);      
	   Matcher   m   =   p.matcher(str);      
	   return   m.replaceAll("").trim();      
   }      
	
	/**
	 * 返回中文的首字母并过滤特殊字符输出
	 * @param chinese
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getPinYinHeadCharFilter(String chinese) {
		return strFilter(getPinYinHeadChar(chinese));	
	}
	
	/**
	 * Test 测试
	 * 
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(PinyinUtil.class);
		String str = "在这里输入";
		logger.error("小写输出：" + getPinyinToLowerCase(str));
		logger.warn("大写输出：" + getPinyinToUpperCase(str));
		logger.warn("首字母大写输出：" + getPinyinFirstToUpperCase(str));
		logger.warn("返回中文的首字母输出：" + getPinYinHeadChar(str));
		logger.warn("返回中文的首字母并过滤特殊字符输出：" + getPinYinHeadCharFilter(str));

	}

}