/*
*标准库string类型
*Zhi-Yun Deng
*2013-11-01
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <string> //标准库string类型头文件
#include <cctype> //string对象中字符的处理函数的头文件
using std::string; //string类型的using声明
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
int n = 4;
string s1; //默认构造函数,s1为空串
string s2(s1); //将s2初始化为s1的一个副本
string s3("value"); //将s3初始化为一个字符串字面值副本
string s4(n, 'c'); //将s4初始化为字符‘c’的n个副本
cout << "1、string对象的定义和初始化" << endl;
cout << "s1: " << s1 << endl;
cout << "s2: " << s2 << endl;
cout << "s3: " << s3 << endl;
cout << "s4: " << s4 << endl;
cout << "****************************************\n" << endl;
cout << "2、string对象的读写" << endl;
string word;
while(cin >> word)
{
cout << "读入未知数目的string对象,word:" << word << endl;
if(word == "break")
break;
}
string line;
while(getline(cin, line))
{
cout << "用getline读取整行文本,line:" << line << endl;
if(line == "break")
break;
}
cout << "****************************************\n" << endl;
cout << "3、string对象的操作" << endl;
string st("The expense of spirit\n");
cout << "The size of " << st << "is " << st.size()
<< " characters, including the newline" << endl;
if(!st.size()==0)
cout << st.size() << endl;
if(!st.empty())
cout << st.size() << endl;
s2 = s3;
cout << "string对象的赋值,s2=s3,s2:" << s2 << endl;
s1 = "hello";
s2 = "world";
s3 = s1 + ", ";
s4 = s1 + ", " + "world";
cout << "s1: " << s1 << "\t size: "<< s1.size() << endl;
cout << "s2: " << s2 << "\t size: "<< s2.size() << endl;
cout << "s3: " << s3 << "\t size: "<< s3.size() << endl;
cout << "s4: " << s4 << "\t size: "<< s4.size() << endl;
for(string::size_type ix=0; ix!=s4.size(); ++ix)
cout << s4[ix] << endl;
for(string::size_type ix=0; ix!=s4.size(); ++ix)
s4[ix]='*';
cout << "s4: " << s4 << "\t size: "<< s4.size() << endl;
cout << "****************************************\n" << endl;
cout << "4、string对象中字符的处理" << endl;
string testStr("123abcABC *&^%$#@()-+=,.;'?/\n\t\r!~");
string::size_type alnum_cnt(0); //统计字母或数字的个数
string::size_type alpha_cnt(0); //统计字母的个数
string::size_type digit_cnt(0); //统计数字的个数
string::size_type print_cnt(0); //统计可打印字符的个数
string::size_type graph_cnt(0); //统计除空格外可打印的字符的个数
string::size_type space_cnt(0); //统计空白字符的个数
string::size_type lower_cnt(0); //统计小写字母的个数
string::size_type upper_cnt(0); //统计大写字母的个数
string::size_type punct_cnt(0); //统计标点符号的个数
string::size_type cntrl_cnt(0); //统计控制字符的个数
string::size_type xdigit_cnt(0); //统计十六进制数的个数
cout << "testStr的字符个数:" << testStr.size() << endl;
for(string::size_type index=0; index!=testStr.size(); ++index)
{
if(isalnum(testStr[index]))
++alnum_cnt;
if(isalpha(testStr[index]))
++alpha_cnt;
if(isdigit(testStr[index]))
++digit_cnt;
if(isprint(testStr[index]))
++print_cnt;
if(isgraph(testStr[index]))
++graph_cnt;
if(isspace(testStr[index]))
++space_cnt;
if(islower(testStr[index]))
++lower_cnt;
if(isupper(testStr[index]))
++upper_cnt;
if(ispunct(testStr[index]))
++punct_cnt;
if(iscntrl(testStr[index]))
++cntrl_cnt;
if(isxdigit(testStr[index]))
{
cout << testStr[index] << endl;
++xdigit_cnt;
}
}
cout << "alnum_cnt: " << alnum_cnt << endl;
cout << "alpha_cnt: " << alpha_cnt << endl;
cout << "digit_cnt: " << digit_cnt << endl;
cout << "print_cnt: " << print_cnt << endl;
cout << "graph_cnt: " << graph_cnt << endl;
cout << "space_cnt: " << space_cnt << endl;
cout << "lower_cnt: " << lower_cnt << endl;
cout << "upper_cnt: " << upper_cnt << endl;
cout << "punct_cnt: " << punct_cnt << endl;
cout << "cntrl_cnt: " << cntrl_cnt << endl;
cout << "xdigit_cnt: " << xdigit_cnt << endl;
for(string::size_type index=0; index != testStr.size(); ++index)
testStr[index] = tolower(testStr[index]);
cout << "tolower: " << testStr << endl;
for(string::size_type index=0; index != testStr.size(); ++index)
testStr[index] = toupper(testStr[index]);
cout << "toupper: " << testStr << endl;
cout << "****************************************\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
【C++ Primer】标准库string类型
最新推荐文章于 2024-07-14 11:33:45 发布