利用HTML5开发Android

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-26 03:46:02 发布

eagelangel

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-26 03:46:02 发布

阅读量5.2k

点赞数

分类专栏：计算机

计算机专栏收录该内容

93 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

载自http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_83940dfb0100yrfm.html

● Android设备多分辨率的问题

Android浏览器默认预览模式浏览会缩小页面WebView中则会以原始大小显示

Android浏览器和WebView默认为mdpi。hdpi相当于mdpi的1.5倍 ldpi相当于0.75倍

三种解决方式：1 viewport属性 2 CSS控制 3 JS控制

1 viewport属性放在HTML的<meta>中

Html代码

<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: x-small"> <head>
<title>Exmaple</title>
<meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width,user-scalable=no”/>
</head></SPAN>

      <head> 
                <title>Exmaple</title> 
                <meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width,user-scalable=no”/> 
        </head>

meta中viewport的属性如下

Html代码

<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: x-small"> <meta name="viewport"
content="
height = [pixel_value | device-height] ,
width = [pixel_value | device-width ] ,
initial-scale = float_value ,
minimum-scale = float_value ,
maximum-scale = float_value ,
user-scalable = [yes | no] ,
target-densitydpi = [dpi_value | device-dpi |
high-dpi | medium-dpi | low-dpi]
"
/></SPAN>

     <meta name="viewport"
                content="
                        height = [pixel_value | device-height] ,
                        width = [pixel_value | device-width ] ,
                        initial-scale = float_value ,
                        minimum-scale = float_value ,
                        maximum-scale = float_value ,
                        user-scalable = [yes | no] ,
                        target-densitydpi = [dpi_value | device-dpi |
                        high-dpi | medium-dpi | low-dpi]
                "
        />

2 CSS控制设备密度

为每种密度创建独立的样式表（注意其中的webkit-device-pixel-ratio 3个数值对应3种分辨率）

Html代码

<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5)" href="hdpi.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.0)" href="mdpi.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 0.75)" href="ldpi.css" />

      <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5)" href="hdpi.css" />
        <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.0)" href="mdpi.css" />
        <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 0.75)" href="ldpi.css" />

在一个样式表中，指定不同的样式

Html代码

#header {
<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"> </SPAN> background:url(medium-density-image.png);
}
@media screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
// CSS for high-density screens
#header {
background:url(high-density-image.png);
}
}
@media screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 0.75) {
// CSS for low-density screens
#header {
background:url(low-density-image.png);
}
}

    #header { 
                 background:url(medium-density-image.png); 
        }
        @media screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) { 
                // CSS for high-density screens 
                #header { 
                        background:url(high-density-image.png); 
                } 
        } 
        @media screen and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 0.75) { 
                // CSS for low-density screens 
                #header { 
                        background:url(low-density-image.png); 
                } 
        }

Html代码

<meta name="viewport" content="target-densitydpi=device-dpi, width=device-width" />

<meta name="viewport" content="target-densitydpi=device-dpi, width=device-width" />

3 JS控制

Android浏览器和WebView支持查询当前设别密度的DOM特性

window.devicePixelRatio 同样值有3个（0.75,1,1.5对应3种分辨率）

JS中查询设备密度的方法

Js代码

if (window.devicePixelRatio == 1.5) {
alert("This is a high-density screen");
} else if (window.devicePixelRation == 0.75) {
alert("This is a low-density screen");
}

      if (window.devicePixelRatio == 1.5) {
                alert("This is a high-density screen");
        } else if (window.devicePixelRation == 0.75) {
                alert("This is a low-density screen");
        }

● Android中构建HTML5应用

使用WebView控件与其他控件的使用方法相同在layout中使用一个<WebView>标签

WebView不包括导航栏，地址栏等完整浏览器功能，只用于显示一个网页

在WebView中加载Web页面，使用loadUrl()

Java代码

WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
myWebView.loadUrl("http://www.example.com");

        WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
        myWebView.loadUrl("http://www.example.com");

注意在manifest文件中加入访问互联网的权限：

Xml代码

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

在Android中点击一个链接，默认是调用应用程序来启动，因此WebView需要代为处理这个动作 通过WebViewClient

Java代码

//设置WebViewClient
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient(){
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
view.loadUrl(url);
return true;
}
public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {
super.onPageFinished(view, url);
}
public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
super.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon);
}
});

  //设置WebViewClient
        webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient(){   
            public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {   
                view.loadUrl(url);   
                return true;   
            }  
                public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {
                                super.onPageFinished(view, url);
                }
                public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
                        super.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon);
                }
        });

这个WebViewClient对象是可以自己扩展的，例如

Java代码

private class MyWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
if (Uri.parse(url).getHost().equals("www.example.com")) {
return false;
}
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(url));
startActivity(intent);
return true;
}
}

    private class MyWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
                public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
                        if (Uri.parse(url).getHost().equals("www.example.com")) {
                                return false;
                        }
                        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(url));
                startActivity(intent);
                return true;
                }
        }

之后：

Java代码

WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
myWebView.setWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient());

     WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
        myWebView.setWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient());

另外出于用户习惯上的考虑需要将WebView表现得更像一个浏览器，也就是需要可以回退历史记录

因此需要覆盖系统的回退键 goBack，goForward可向前向后浏览历史页面

Java代码

public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && myWebView.canGoBack() {
myWebView.goBack();
return true;
}
return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
}

   public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
                if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && myWebView.canGoBack() {
                        myWebView.goBack();
                        return true;
                }
                return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
        }

● Android与JS之间的互相调用交互

WebView默认是禁用JavaScript的，在启用后，就可以在两者间建立接口进行调用

Java代码

WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
WebSettings webSettings = myWebView.getSettings();
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);

     WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
        WebSettings webSettings = myWebView.getSettings();
        webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);

 

（这里的webSetting用处非常大 可以开启很多设置 在之后的本地存储，地理位置等之中都会使用到）



1 在JS中调用Android的函数方法

 

首先 需要在Android程序中建立接口

Java代码

final class InJavaScript {
public void runOnAndroidJavaScript(final String str) {
handler.post(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
TextView show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview);
show.setText(str);
}
});
}
}

      final class InJavaScript {
        public void runOnAndroidJavaScript(final String str) {
                handler.post(new Runnable() {
                public void run() { 
                    TextView show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview);
                    show.setText(str);
                }
            });
        }
    }

Java代码

//把本类的一个实例添加到js的全局对象window中，
//这样就可以使用windows.injs来调用它的方法
webView.addJavascriptInterface(new InJavaScript(), "injs");

    //把本类的一个实例添加到js的全局对象window中，
    //这样就可以使用windows.injs来调用它的方法
    webView.addJavascriptInterface(new InJavaScript(), "injs");

 

在JavaScript中调用

Js代码

function sendToAndroid(){
var str = "Cookie call the Android method from js";
windows.injs.runOnAndroidJavaScript(str);//调用android的函数
}

  function sendToAndroid(){
                var str = "Cookie call the Android method from js";
                windows.injs.runOnAndroidJavaScript(str);//调用android的函数
        }

  

2 在Android中调用JS的方法

 

在JS中的方法：

Js代码

function getFromAndroid(str){
document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("android").innerHTML=str;
}

   function getFromAndroid(str){
                document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("android").innerHTML=str;
        }

  

在Android调用该方法

Java代码

Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View arg0) {
//调用javascript中的方法
webView.loadUrl("javascript:getFromAndroid('Cookie call the js function from Android')");
}
});

        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View arg0) {
                //调用javascript中的方法
            webView.loadUrl("javascript:getFromAndroid('Cookie call the js function from Android')");
        }
    });

  

3 Android中处理JS的警告，对话框等

在Android中处理JS的警告，对话框等需要对WebView设置WebChromeClient对象

Java代码

//设置WebChromeClient
webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){
//处理javascript中的alert
public boolean onJsAlert(WebView view, String url, String message, final JsResult result) {
//构建一个Builder来显示网页中的对话框
Builder builder = new Builder(MainActivity.this);
builder.setTitle("Alert");
builder.setMessage(message);
builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok,
new AlertDialog.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
result.confirm();
}
});
builder.setCancelable(false);
builder.create();
builder.show();
return true;
};
//处理javascript中的confirm
public boolean onJsConfirm(WebView view, String url, String message, final JsResult result) {
Builder builder = new Builder(MainActivity.this);
builder.setTitle("confirm");
builder.setMessage(message);
builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok,
new AlertDialog.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
result.confirm();
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
result.cancel();
}
});
builder.setCancelable(false);
builder.create();
builder.show();
return true;
};
@Override
//设置网页加载的进度条
public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {
MainActivity.this.getWindow().setFeatureInt(Window.FEATURE_PROGRESS, newProgress * 100);
super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);
}
//设置应用程序的标题title
public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) {
MainActivity.this.setTitle(title);
super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);
}
});

  //设置WebChromeClient
        webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient(){
                //处理javascript中的alert
                public boolean onJsAlert(WebView view, String url, String message, final JsResult result) {
                        //构建一个Builder来显示网页中的对话框
                        Builder builder = new Builder(MainActivity.this);
                        builder.setTitle("Alert");
                        builder.setMessage(message);
                        builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok,
                                new AlertDialog.OnClickListener() {
                                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                                result.confirm();
                                        }
                                });
                        builder.setCancelable(false);
                        builder.create();
                        builder.show();
                        return true;
                };
                //处理javascript中的confirm
                public boolean onJsConfirm(WebView view, String url, String message, final JsResult result) {
                        Builder builder = new Builder(MainActivity.this);
                        builder.setTitle("confirm");
                        builder.setMessage(message);
                        builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok,
                                new AlertDialog.OnClickListener() {
                                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                                result.confirm();
                                        }
                                });
                        builder.setNegativeButton(android.R.string.cancel,
                                new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                                result.cancel();
                                        }
                                });
                        builder.setCancelable(false);
                        builder.create();
                        builder.show();
                        return true;
                };
                        
                @Override
                //设置网页加载的进度条
                public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {
                        MainActivity.this.getWindow().setFeatureInt(Window.FEATURE_PROGRESS, newProgress * 100);
                        super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);
                }

                //设置应用程序的标题title
                public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) {
                        MainActivity.this.setTitle(title);
                        super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);
                }
        });

  

● Android中的调试

通过JS代码输出log信息

Js代码

Js代码： console.log("Hello World");
Log信息： Console: Hello World http://www.example.com/hello.html :82

  Js代码： console.log("Hello World");
        Log信息： Console: Hello World http://www.example.com/hello.html :82

  

在WebChromeClient中实现onConsoleMesaage()回调方法，让其在LogCat中打印信息

Java代码

WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
myWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
public void onConsoleMessage(String message, int lineNumber, String sourceID) {
Log.d("MyApplication", message + " -- From line "
+ lineNumber + " of "
+ sourceID);
}
});

      WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
        myWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
                public void onConsoleMessage(String message, int lineNumber, String sourceID) {
                        Log.d("MyApplication", message + " -- From line "
                                + lineNumber + " of "
                                + sourceID);
                }
        });

以及

Java代码

WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
myWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
public boolean onConsoleMessage(ConsoleMessage cm) {
Log.d("MyApplication", cm.message() + " -- From line "
+ cm.lineNumber() + " of "
+ cm.sourceId() );
return true;
}
});

    WebView myWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
        myWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
                public boolean onConsoleMessage(ConsoleMessage cm) {
                        Log.d("MyApplication", cm.message() + " -- From line "
                                + cm.lineNumber() + " of "
                                + cm.sourceId() );
                        return true;
                }
        });

  

*ConsoleMessage 还包括一个 MessageLevel 表示控制台传递信息类型。 您可以用messageLevel()查询信息级别，以确定信息的严重程度，然后使用适当的Log方法或采取其他适当的措施。

 

● HTML5本地存储在Android中的应用

HTML5提供了2种客户端存储数据新方法：

localStorage 没有时间限制

sessionStorage 针对一个Session的数据存储

Js代码

<script type="text/javascript">
localStorage.lastname="Smith";
document.write(localStorage.lastname);
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
sessionStorage.lastname="Smith";
document.write(sessionStorage.lastname);
</script>

    <script type="text/javascript"> 
                localStorage.lastname="Smith"; 
                document.write(localStorage.lastname); 
        </script> 
        <script type="text/javascript"> 
                sessionStorage.lastname="Smith"; 
                document.write(sessionStorage.lastname);
        </script>

 

WebStorage的API:

Js代码

//清空storage
localStorage.clear();
//设置一个键值
localStorage.setItem(“yarin”,“yangfegnsheng”);
//获取一个键值
localStorage.getItem(“yarin”);
//获取指定下标的键的名称（如同Array）
localStorage.key(0);
//return “fresh” //删除一个键值
localStorage.removeItem(“yarin”);
注意一定要在设置中开启哦
setDomStorageEnabled（true）

     //清空storage
        localStorage.clear();
        //设置一个键值
        localStorage.setItem(“yarin”,“yangfegnsheng”);
        //获取一个键值
        localStorage.getItem(“yarin”); 
        //获取指定下标的键的名称（如同Array）
        localStorage.key(0); 
        //return “fresh” //删除一个键值
        localStorage.removeItem(“yarin”);
        注意一定要在设置中开启哦
        setDomStorageEnabled（true）

 

在Android中进行操作

Java代码

//启用数据库
webSettings.setDatabaseEnabled(true);
String dir = this.getApplicationContext().getDir("database", Context.MODE_PRIVATE).getPath();
//设置数据库路径
webSettings.setDatabasePath(dir);
//使用localStorage则必须打开
webSettings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);
//扩充数据库的容量（在WebChromeClinet中实现）
public void onExceededDatabaseQuota(String url, String databaseIdentifier, long currentQuota,
long estimatedSize, long totalUsedQuota, WebStorage.QuotaUpdater quotaUpdater) {
quotaUpdater.updateQuota(estimatedSize * 2);
}

   //启用数据库
        webSettings.setDatabaseEnabled(true);  
        String dir = this.getApplicationContext().getDir("database", Context.MODE_PRIVATE).getPath();
        //设置数据库路径
        webSettings.setDatabasePath(dir);
        //使用localStorage则必须打开
        webSettings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);
        //扩充数据库的容量（在WebChromeClinet中实现）
        public void onExceededDatabaseQuota(String url, String databaseIdentifier, long currentQuota, 
                        long estimatedSize, long totalUsedQuota, WebStorage.QuotaUpdater quotaUpdater) {
                quotaUpdater.updateQuota(estimatedSize * 2);
        }

  

 

在JS中按常规进行数据库操作

Js代码

function initDatabase() {
try {
if (!window.openDatabase) {
alert('Databases are not supported by your browser');
} else {
var shortName = 'YARINDB';
var version = '1.0';
var displayName = 'yarin db';
var maxSize = 100000; // in bytes
YARINDB = openDatabase(shortName, version, displayName, maxSize);
createTables();
selectAll();
}
} catch(e) {
if (e == 2) {
// Version mismatch.
console.log("Invalid database version.");
} else {
console.log("Unknown error "+ e +".");
}
return;
}
}
function createTables(){
YARINDB.transaction(
function (transaction) {
transaction.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS yarin(id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT NOT NULL,desc TEXT NOT NULL);', [], nullDataHandler, errorHandler);
}
);
insertData();
}
function insertData(){
YARINDB.transaction(
function (transaction) {
//Starter data when page is initialized
var data = ['1','yarin yang','I am yarin'];
transaction.executeSql("INSERT INTO yarin(id, name, desc) VALUES (?, ?, ?)", [data[0], data[1], data[2]]);
}
);
}
function errorHandler(transaction, error){
if (error.code==1){
// DB Table already exists
} else {
// Error is a human-readable string.
console.log('Oops. Error was '+error.message+' (Code '+error.code+')');
}
return false;
}
function nullDataHandler(){
console.log("SQL Query Succeeded");
}
function selectAll(){
YARINDB.transaction(
function (transaction) {
transaction.executeSql("SELECT * FROM yarin;", [], dataSelectHandler, errorHandler);
}
);
}
function dataSelectHandler(transaction, results){
// Handle the results
for (var i=0; i<results.rows.length; i++) {
var row = results.rows.item(i);
var newFeature = new Object();
newFeature.name = row['name'];
newFeature.decs = row['desc'];
document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("name").innerHTML="name:"+newFeature.name;
document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("desc").innerHTML="desc:"+newFeature.decs;
}
}
function updateData(){
YARINDB.transaction(
function (transaction) {
var data = ['fengsheng yang','I am fengsheng'];
transaction.executeSql("UPDATE yarin SET name=?, desc=? WHERE id = 1", [data[0], data[1]]);
}
);
selectAll();
}
function ddeleteTables(){
YARINDB.transaction(
function (transaction) {
transaction.executeSql("DROP TABLE yarin;", [], nullDataHandler, errorHandler);
}
);
console.log("Table 'page_settings' has been dropped.");
}
注意onLoad中的初始化工作
function initLocalStorage(){
if (window.localStorage) {
textarea.addEventListener("keyup", function() {
window.localStorage["value"] = this.value;
window.localStorage["time"] = new Date().getTime();
}, false);
} else {
alert("LocalStorage are not supported in this browser.");
}
}
window.onload = function() {
initDatabase();
initLocalStorage();
}

      function initDatabase() {
        try {
            if (!window.openDatabase) {
                alert('Databases are not supported by your browser');
            } else {
                var shortName = 'YARINDB';
                var version = '1.0';
                var displayName = 'yarin db';
                var maxSize = 100000; // in bytes
                YARINDB = openDatabase(shortName, version, displayName, maxSize);
                        createTables();
                        selectAll();
            }
        } catch(e) {
            if (e == 2) {
                // Version mismatch.
                console.log("Invalid database version.");
            } else {
                console.log("Unknown error "+ e +".");
            }
            return;
        } 
        }

        function createTables(){
                YARINDB.transaction(
                        function (transaction) {
                                transaction.executeSql('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS yarin(id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT NOT NULL,desc TEXT NOT NULL);', [], nullDataHandler, errorHandler);
                        }
                );
                insertData();
        }

        function insertData(){
                YARINDB.transaction(
                        function (transaction) {
                        //Starter data when page is initialized
                        var data = ['1','yarin yang','I am yarin'];  
                        
                        transaction.executeSql("INSERT INTO yarin(id, name, desc) VALUES (?, ?, ?)", [data[0], data[1], data[2]]);
                        }
                );      
        }

        function errorHandler(transaction, error){
                if (error.code==1){
                        // DB Table already exists
                } else {
                        // Error is a human-readable string.
                        console.log('Oops.  Error was '+error.message+' (Code '+error.code+')');
                }
                return false;
        }


        function nullDataHandler(){
                console.log("SQL Query Succeeded");
        }

        function selectAll(){ 
                YARINDB.transaction(
                        function (transaction) {
                                transaction.executeSql("SELECT * FROM yarin;", [], dataSelectHandler, errorHandler);
                        }
                );      
        }

        function dataSelectHandler(transaction, results){
                // Handle the results
                for (var i=0; i<results.rows.length; i++) {
                        var row = results.rows.item(i);
                        var newFeature = new Object();
                        newFeature.name   = row['name'];
                        newFeature.decs = row['desc'];
                        
                        document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("name").innerHTML="name:"+newFeature.name;
                        document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("desc").innerHTML="desc:"+newFeature.decs;
                }
        }

        function updateData(){
                YARINDB.transaction(
                        function (transaction) {
                                var data = ['fengsheng yang','I am fengsheng']; 
                                transaction.executeSql("UPDATE yarin SET name=?, desc=? WHERE id = 1", [data[0], data[1]]);
                        }
                );      
                selectAll();
        }

        function ddeleteTables(){
                YARINDB.transaction(
                        function (transaction) {
                                transaction.executeSql("DROP TABLE yarin;", [], nullDataHandler, errorHandler);
                        }
                );
                console.log("Table 'page_settings' has been dropped.");
        }
        注意onLoad中的初始化工作
        function initLocalStorage(){
                if (window.localStorage) {
                        textarea.addEventListener("keyup", function() {
                                window.localStorage["value"] = this.value;
                                window.localStorage["time"] = new Date().getTime();
                        }, false);
                } else {
                        alert("LocalStorage are not supported in this browser.");
                }
        }
        
        window.onload = function() {
                initDatabase();
                initLocalStorage();
        }

  

 



● HTML5地理位置服务在Android中的应用

Android中

Java代码

//启用地理定位
webSettings.setGeolocationEnabled(true);
//设置定位的数据库路径
webSettings.setGeolocationDatabasePath(dir);
//配置权限（同样在WebChromeClient中实现）
public void onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(String origin,
GeolocationPermissions.Callback callback) {
callback.invoke(origin, true, false);
super.onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(origin, callback);
}

    //启用地理定位
        webSettings.setGeolocationEnabled(true);
        //设置定位的数据库路径
        webSettings.setGeolocationDatabasePath(dir);

        //配置权限（同样在WebChromeClient中实现）
        public void onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(String origin, 
                                   GeolocationPermissions.Callback callback) {
                callback.invoke(origin, true, false);
                super.onGeolocationPermissionsShowPrompt(origin, callback);
        }

 

 

在Manifest中添加权限

Xml代码

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

 

 

HTML5中 通过navigator.geolocation对象获取地理位置信息

常用的navigator.geolocation对象有以下三种方法：

Js代码

//获取当前地理位置
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success_callback_function, error_callback_function, position_options)
//持续获取地理位置
navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(success_callback_function, error_callback_function, position_options)
//清除持续获取地理位置事件
navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(watch_position_id)

      //获取当前地理位置
        navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(success_callback_function, error_callback_function, position_options)
        //持续获取地理位置
        navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(success_callback_function, error_callback_function, position_options)
        //清除持续获取地理位置事件
        navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(watch_position_id)

 

其中success_callback_function为成功之后处理的函数，error_callback_function为失败之后返回的处理函数，参数position_options是配置项

 

在JS中的代码

Js代码

//定位
function get_location() {
if (navigator.geolocation) {
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(show_map,handle_error,{enableHighAccuracy:false,maximumAge:1000,timeout:15000});
} else {
alert("Your browser does not support HTML5 geoLocation");
}
}
function show_map(position) {
var latitude = position.coords.latitude;
var longitude = position.coords.longitude;
var city = position.coords.city;
//telnet localhost 5554
//geo fix -82.411629 28.054553
//geo fix -121.45356 46.51119 4392
//geo nmea $GPGGA,001431.092,0118.2653,N,10351.1359,E,0,00,,-19.6,M,4.1,M,,0000*5B
document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("Latitude").innerHTML="latitude:"+latitude;
document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("Longitude").innerHTML="longitude:"+longitude;
document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("City").innerHTML="city:"+city;
}
function handle_error(err) {
switch (err.code) {
case 1:
alert("permission denied");
break;
case 2:
alert("the network is down or the position satellites can't be contacted");
break;
case 3:
alert("time out");
break;
default:
alert("unknown error");
break;
}
}

  //定位
        function get_location() {
                if (navigator.geolocation) {
                        navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(show_map,handle_error,{enableHighAccuracy:false,maximumAge:1000,timeout:15000});
                } else {
                        alert("Your browser does not support HTML5 geoLocation");
                }
        }
                
        function show_map(position) {
                var latitude = position.coords.latitude;
                var longitude = position.coords.longitude;
                var city = position.coords.city;
                //telnet localhost 5554
                //geo fix -82.411629 28.054553
                //geo fix -121.45356 46.51119 4392
                //geo nmea $GPGGA,001431.092,0118.2653,N,10351.1359,E,0,00,,-19.6,M,4.1,M,,0000*5B
                document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("Latitude").innerHTML="latitude:"+latitude;
                document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("Longitude").innerHTML="longitude:"+longitude;
                document.getElementByIdx_x_x_x("City").innerHTML="city:"+city;
        }
                
        function handle_error(err) {
                switch (err.code) {
                case 1:
                        alert("permission denied");
                        break;
                case 2:
                        alert("the network is down or the position satellites can't be contacted");
                        break;
                case 3:
                        alert("time out");
                        break;
                default:
                        alert("unknown error");
                        break;
                }
        }

  

其中position对象包含很多数据 error代码及选项 可以查看文档



● 构建HTML5离线应用

需要提供一个cache manifest文件，理出所有需要在离线状态下使用的资源

例如

Manifest代码

CACHE MANIFEST
#这是注释
images/sound-icon.png
images/background.png
clock.html
clock.css
clock.js
NETWORK:
test.cgi
CACHE:
style/default.css
FALLBACK:
/files/projects /projects

 CACHE MANIFEST 
        #这是注释
        images/sound-icon.png
        images/background.png
        clock.html 
        clock.css 
        clock.js  
        
        NETWORK: 
        test.cgi

        CACHE: 
        style/default.css

        FALLBACK: 
        /files/projects /projects

  

在html标签中声明 <html manifest="clock.manifest"> 



HTML5离线应用更新缓存机制

分为手动更新和自动更新2种

自动更新：

在cache manifest文件本身发生变化时更新缓存 资源文件发生变化不会触发更新

手动更新：

使用window.applicationCache

Js代码

if (window.applicationCache.status == window.applicationCache.UPDATEREADY) ｛
window.applicationCache.update();
｝

                if (window.applicationCache.status == window.applicationCache.UPDATEREADY) ｛
                        window.applicationCache.update();
                ｝

在线状态检测

HTML5 提供了两种检测是否在线的方式：navigator.online（true/false） 和 online/offline事件。



在Android中构建离线应用

Java代码

//开启应用程序缓存
webSettingssetAppCacheEnabled(true);
String dir = this.getApplicationContext().getDir("cache", Context.MODE_PRIVATE).getPath();
//设置应用缓存的路径
webSettings.setAppCachePath(dir);
//设置缓存的模式
webSettings.setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_DEFAULT);
//设置应用缓存的最大尺寸
webSettings.setAppCacheMaxSize(1024*1024*8);
//扩充缓存的容量
public void onReachedMaxAppCacheSize(long spaceNeeded,
long totalUsedQuota, WebStorage.QuotaUpdater quotaUpdater) {
quotaUpdater.updateQuota(spaceNeeded * 2);
}

  //开启应用程序缓存
        webSettingssetAppCacheEnabled(true);
        String dir = this.getApplicationContext().getDir("cache", Context.MODE_PRIVATE).getPath();
        //设置应用缓存的路径
        webSettings.setAppCachePath(dir);
        //设置缓存的模式
        webSettings.setCacheMode(WebSettings.LOAD_DEFAULT);
        //设置应用缓存的最大尺寸
        webSettings.setAppCacheMaxSize(1024*1024*8);

        //扩充缓存的容量
        public void onReachedMaxAppCacheSize(long spaceNeeded,
                                long totalUsedQuota, WebStorage.QuotaUpdater quotaUpdater) {
                quotaUpdater.updateQuota(spaceNeeded * 2);
        }

eagelangel

关注

0
点赞
踩
6

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
利用HTML5开发Android

载自http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_83940dfb0100yrfm.html● Android设备多分辨率的问题Android浏览器默认预览模式浏览会缩小页面WebView中则会以原始大小显示Android浏览器和WebView默认为mdpi。hdpi相当于mdpi的1.5倍 ldpi相当于0.75倍三种解决方式：1 viewport属性
复制链接

扫一扫

专栏目录