[easy][leetcode面试] sum-of-two-integers && js 中 有符号 int 的二进制表示

Calculate the sum of two integers a and b, but you are not allowed to use the operator + and -.

Example 1:

Input: a = 1, b = 2
Output: 3

Example 2:

Input: a = -2, b = 3
Output: 1

js推荐方法：

/**
 * @param {number} a
 * @param {number} b
 * @return {number}
 */
var getSum = function(a, b) {
   while(true){
        let sum = a^b;
        let carry = (a&b)<<1;
        if(b == 0){
            return a;
        }
        a = sum;
        b = carry;
    }
};

样例分析，a=5,b=-3 进行验证

let a = 5;
let b = -3;
//获取int的二进制表示方法
function getTwoExact(n)
{
    if(n < 0){
        n = -n;
        n = n-1;
        var str = (Array(32).join("0")+n.toString(2)).slice(-32);
        str = exchange(str);
    }else{
        var str = (Array(32).join("0")+n.toString(2)).slice(-32);
    }

    return str;
}
var getSum = function(a, b) {
    while(true){
        let sum = a^b;
        let carry = (a&b)<<1;
        console.log('a=', a, ' bit is', getTwoExact(a));
        console.log('b=', b, ' bit is', getTwoExact(b));
        if(b == 0){
            return a;
        }
        a = sum;
        b = carry;
    }
 };
 let c = getSum(a,b);
 console.log(c);

上述过程打印的结果：

a= 5  bit is  00000000000000000000000000000101
b= -3  bit is 11111111111111111111111111111101
a= -8  bit is 11111111111111111111111111111000
b= 10  bit is 00000000000000000000000000001010
a= -14  bit is 11111111111111111111111111110010
b= 16  bit is 00000000000000000000000000010000
a= -30  bit is 11111111111111111111111111100010
b= 32  bit is 00000000000000000000000000100000
a= -62  bit is 11111111111111111111111111000010
b= 64  bit is 00000000000000000000000001000000
a= -126  bit is 11111111111111111111111110000010
b= 128  bit is 00000000000000000000000010000000
a= -254  bit is 11111111111111111111111100000010
b= 256  bit is 00000000000000000000000100000000
a= -510  bit is 11111111111111111111111000000010
b= 512  bit is 00000000000000000000001000000000
a= -1022  bit is 11111111111111111111110000000010
b= 1024  bit is 00000000000000000000010000000000
a= -2046  bit is 11111111111111111111100000000010
b= 2048  bit is 00000000000000000000100000000000
a= -4094  bit is 11111111111111111111000000000010
b= 4096  bit is 00000000000000000001000000000000
a= -8190  bit is 11111111111111111110000000000010
b= 8192  bit is 00000000000000000010000000000000
a= -16382  bit is 11111111111111111100000000000010
b= 16384  bit is 00000000000000000100000000000000
a= -32766  bit is 11111111111111111000000000000010
b= 32768  bit is 00000000000000001000000000000000
a= -65534  bit is 11111111111111110000000000000010
b= 65536  bit is 00000000000000010000000000000000
a= -131070  bit is 11111111111111100000000000000010
b= 131072  bit is 00000000000000100000000000000000
a= -262142  bit is 11111111111111000000000000000010
b= 262144  bit is 00000000000001000000000000000000
a= -524286  bit is 11111111111110000000000000000010
b= 524288  bit is 00000000000010000000000000000000
a= -1048574  bit is 11111111111100000000000000000010
b= 1048576  bit is 00000000000100000000000000000000
a= -2097150  bit is 11111111111000000000000000000010
b= 2097152  bit is 00000000001000000000000000000000
a= -4194302  bit is 11111111110000000000000000000010
b= 4194304  bit is 00000000010000000000000000000000
a= -8388606  bit is 11111111100000000000000000000010
b= 8388608  bit is 00000000100000000000000000000000
a= -16777214  bit is 11111111000000000000000000000010
b= 16777216  bit is 00000001000000000000000000000000
a= -33554430  bit is 11111110000000000000000000000010
b= 33554432  bit is 00000010000000000000000000000000
a= -67108862  bit is 11111100000000000000000000000010
b= 67108864  bit is 00000100000000000000000000000000
a= -134217726  bit is 11111000000000000000000000000010
b= 134217728  bit is 00001000000000000000000000000000
a= -268435454  bit is 11110000000000000000000000000010
b= 268435456  bit is 00010000000000000000000000000000
a= -536870910  bit is 11100000000000000000000000000010
b= 536870912  bit is 00100000000000000000000000000000
a= -1073741822  bit is 11000000000000000000000000000010
b= 1073741824  bit is 01000000000000000000000000000000
a= -2147483646  bit is 10000000000000000000000000000010
b= -2147483648  bit is 10000000000000000000000000000000
a= 2  bit is 00000000000000000000000000000010
b= 0  bit is 00000000000000000000000000000000
2

更多位运算相关的题目和解释：

http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html

https://leetcode.com/problems/sum-of-two-integers/discuss/84278/A-summary%3A-how-to-use-bit-manipulation-to-solve-problems-easily-and-efficiently