本文介绍了一种在Windows环境下实现GNU libc中getopt和getopt_long功能的方法，对比了几种不同的实现方案，包括PeteWilson的getopt、freegetopt等，并详细分析了它们的特点。
GNU libc提供了getopt和getopt_long用于解析命令行参数，很好用，想在windows下使用，就google了几个win32下的C/C++写得getopt，并作了一些比较。
程序里往往会有许多开关的，运行时就要传入许多参数值来打开或关闭这些开关。以前，每写一个程序就要花一些精力来写这段代码，因为是给自己用，就比较偷懒，写得很丑陋，时间长了，自己再回过头来用自己的东西的时候，心里骂了一遍又一遍，真tmd挫。
最近终于无可忍受了，决定自己写一个解析命令行参数的函数。但本着不重复制造车轮的哲学（其实是想偷懒:)），于是google了一把getopt。找到几个windows下可以用的getopt程序：
Pete Wilson写的getopt 行为和GNU libc中的getopt一样。可惜没有提供getopt_long的win32版本。编译这个程序要打开宏WIN32。
free getopt 宣称是独立于系统的。也没有提供getopt_long。与GNU libc的getopt行为有一些区别，比如
>test in1 in2 -o out
这里in1不会被解析。
>test in2 in1 -o out
这里in2不会被解析。
FreeDOS下的GETOPT_L 用/作为选项的前缀，用=给选项赋值，支持长参数。不过会将某个non-option argument后面所有的arguments视为一个non-option argument，比如
>test.exe yan /x=xie
这里"yan /x=xie"会被当作一个non-option参数。
xgetopt getopt的桌面demo程序。不支持长参数。也会将某个non-option argument后面所有的arguments视为一个non-option argument。
/* Declarations for getopt.
Copyright (C) 1989,90,91,92,93,94,96,97 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
NOTE: The canonical source of this file is maintained with the GNU C Library.
Bugs can be reported to bug-glibc@gnu.org.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307,
USA. */
#ifndef _GETOPT_H
#define _GETOPT_H 1
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* For communication from `getopt' to the caller.
When `getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
the argument value is returned here.
Also, when `ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
each non-option ARGV-element is returned here. */
extern char *optarg;
/* Index in ARGV of the next element to be scanned.
This is used for communication to and from the caller
and for communication between successive calls to `getopt'.
On entry to `getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
When `getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
non-option elements that the caller should itself scan.
Otherwise, `optind' communicates from one call to the next
how much of ARGV has been scanned so far. */
extern int optind;
/* Callers store zero here to inhibit the error message `getopt' prints
for unrecognized options. */
extern int opterr;
/* Set to an option character which was unrecognized. */
extern int optopt;
/* Describe the long-named options requested by the application.
The LONG_OPTIONS argument to getopt_long or getopt_long_only is a vector
of `struct option' terminated by an element containing a name which is
zero.
The field `has_arg' is:
no_argument (or 0) if the option does not take an argument,
required_argument (or 1) if the option requires an argument,
optional_argument (or 2) if the option takes an optional argument.
If the field `flag' is not NULL, it points to a variable that is set
to the value given in the field `val' when the option is found, but
left unchanged if the option is not found.
To have a long-named option do something other than set an `int' to
a compiled-in constant, such as set a value from `optarg', set the
option's `flag' field to zero and its `val' field to a nonzero
value (the equivalent single-letter option character, if there is
one). For long options that have a zero `flag' field, `getopt'
returns the contents of the `val' field. */
struct option
{
#if defined (__STDC__) && __STDC__
const char *name;
#else
char *name;
#endif
/* has_arg can't be an enum because some compilers complain about
type mismatches in all the code that assumes it is an int. */
int has_arg;
int *flag;
int val;
};
/* Names for the values of the `has_arg' field of `struct option'. */
#define no_argument 0
#define required_argument 1
#define optional_argument 2
#if defined (__STDC__) && __STDC__
#ifdef __GNU_LIBRARY__
/* Many other libraries have conflicting prototypes for getopt, with
differences in the consts, in stdlib.h. To avoid compilation
errors, only prototype getopt for the GNU C library. */
extern int getopt (int argc, char *const *argv, const char *shortopts);
#else /* not __GNU_LIBRARY__ */
extern int getopt ();
#endif /* __GNU_LIBRARY__ */
extern int getopt_long (int argc, char *const *argv, const char *shortopts,
const struct option *longopts, int *longind);
extern int getopt_long_only (int argc, char *const *argv,
const char *shortopts,
const struct option *longopts, int *longind);
/* Internal only. Users should not call this directly. */
extern int _getopt_internal (int argc, char *const *argv,
const char *shortopts,
const struct option *longopts, int *longind,
int long_only);
#else /* not __STDC__ */
extern int getopt ();
extern int getopt_long ();
extern int getopt_long_only ();
extern int _getopt_internal ();
#endif /* __STDC__ */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* getopt.h */
/* $OpenBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.20 2005/10/25 15:49:37 jmc Exp $ */
/* $NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.15 2002/01/31 22:43:40 tv Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2002 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
* purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
* copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
* WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
* ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
* WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
* ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
* OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*
* Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
* Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
* Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
*/
/*-
* Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
* by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
* Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
* ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
* TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
* BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <errno.h>
#include "getopt.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define REPLACE_GETOPT /* use this getopt as the system getopt(3) */
#ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
int opterr = 1; /* if error message should be printed */
int optind = 1; /* index into parent argv vector */
int optopt = '?'; /* character checked for validity */
char *optarg; /* argument associated with option */
#endif
int optreset; /* reset getopt */
#define PRINT_ERROR ((opterr) && (*options != ':'))
#define FLAG_PERMUTE 0x01 /* permute non-options to the end of argv */
#define FLAG_ALLARGS 0x02 /* treat non-options as args to option "-1" */
#define FLAG_LONGONLY 0x04 /* operate as getopt_long_only */
/* return values */
#define BADCH (int)'?'
#define BADARG ((*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
#define INORDER (int)1
#define EMSG ""
static int getopt_internal(int, char * const *, const char *,
const struct option *, int *, int);
static int parse_long_options(char * const *, const char *,
const struct option *, int *, int);
static int gcd(int, int);
static void permute_args(int, int, int, char * const *);
static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
/* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
static int nonopt_end = -1; /* first option after non options (for permute) */
/* Error messages */
static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
static const char illoptchar[] = "unknown option -- %c";
static const char illoptstring[] = "unknown option -- %s";
/*
* Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
*/
static int
gcd(int a, int b)
{
int c;
c = a % b;
while (c != 0) {
a = b;
b = c;
c = a % b;
}
return (b);
}
/*
* Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
* from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
* in each block).
*/
static void
permute_args(int panonopt_start, int panonopt_end, int opt_end,
char * const *nargv)
{
int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
char *swap;
/*
* compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
*/
nnonopts = panonopt_end - panonopt_start;
nopts = opt_end - panonopt_end;
ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
cyclelen = (opt_end - panonopt_start) / ncycle;
for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
cstart = panonopt_end+i;
pos = cstart;
for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
if (pos >= panonopt_end)
pos -= nnonopts;
else
pos += nopts;
swap = nargv[pos];
/* LINTED const cast */
((char **) nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart];
/* LINTED const cast */
((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap;
}
}
}
/*
* parse_long_options --
* Parse long options in argc/argv argument vector.
* Returns -1 if short_too is set and the option does not match long_options.
*/
static int
parse_long_options(char * const *nargv, const char *options,
const struct option *long_options, int *idx, int short_too)
{
char *current_argv, *has_equal;
size_t current_argv_len;
int i, match;
current_argv = place;
match = -1;
optind++;
if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
/* argument found (--option=arg) */
current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
has_equal++;
} else
current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
/* find matching long option */
if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name,
current_argv_len))
continue;
if (strlen(long_options[i].name) == current_argv_len) {
/* exact match */
match = i;
break;
}
/*
* If this is a known short option, don't allow
* a partial match of a single character.
*/
if (short_too && current_argv_len == 1)
continue;
if (match == -1) /* partial match */
match = i;
else {
/* ambiguous abbreviation */
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr,
ambig, (int)current_argv_len,
current_argv);
optopt = 0;
return (BADCH);
}
}
if (match != -1) { /* option found */
if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument
&& has_equal) {
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr,
noarg, (int)current_argv_len,
current_argv);
/*
* XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag
*/
if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
optopt = long_options[match].val;
else
optopt = 0;
return (BADARG);
}
if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
if (has_equal)
optarg = has_equal;
else if (long_options[match].has_arg ==
required_argument) {
/*
* optional argument doesn't use next nargv
*/
optarg = nargv[optind++];
}
}
if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument)
&& (optarg == NULL)) {
/*
* Missing argument; leading ':' indicates no error
* should be generated.
*/
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr,
recargstring,
current_argv);
/*
* XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag
*/
if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
optopt = long_options[match].val;
else
optopt = 0;
--optind;
return (BADARG);
}
} else { /* unknown option */
if (short_too) {
--optind;
return (-1);
}
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr, illoptstring, current_argv);
optopt = 0;
return (BADCH);
}
if (idx)
*idx = match;
if (long_options[match].flag) {
*long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
return (0);
} else
return (long_options[match].val);
}
/*
* getopt_internal --
* Parse argc/argv argument vector. Called by user level routines.
*/
static int
getopt_internal(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
const struct option *long_options, int *idx, int flags)
{
char *oli; /* option letter list index */
int optchar, short_too;
static int posixly_correct = -1;
if (options == NULL)
return (-1);
/*
* Disable GNU extensions if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set or options
* string begins with a '+'.
*/
if (posixly_correct == -1)
posixly_correct = (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL);
if (posixly_correct || *options == '+')
flags &= ~FLAG_PERMUTE;
else if (*options == '-')
flags |= FLAG_ALLARGS;
if (*options == '+' || *options == '-')
options++;
/*
* XXX Some GNU programs (like cvs) set optind to 0 instead of
* XXX using optreset. Work around this braindamage.
*/
if (optind == 0)
optind = optreset = 1;
optarg = NULL;
if (optreset)
nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
start:
if (optreset || !*place) { /* update scanning pointer */
optreset = 0;
if (optind >= nargc) { /* end of argument vector */
place = EMSG;
if (nonopt_end != -1) {
/* do permutation, if we have to */
permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
optind, nargv);
optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
}
else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
/*
* If we skipped non-options, set optind
* to the first of them.
*/
optind = nonopt_start;
}
nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
return (-1);
}
if (*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-' ||
(place[1] == '\0' && strchr(options, '-') == NULL)) {
place = EMSG; /* found non-option */
if (flags & FLAG_ALLARGS) {
/*
* GNU extension:
* return non-option as argument to option 1
*/
optarg = nargv[optind++];
return (INORDER);
}
if (!(flags & FLAG_PERMUTE)) {
/*
* If no permutation wanted, stop parsing
* at first non-option.
*/
return (-1);
}
/* do permutation */
if (nonopt_start == -1)
nonopt_start = optind;
else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
optind, nargv);
nonopt_start = optind -
(nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
nonopt_end = -1;
}
optind++;
/* process next argument */
goto start;
}
if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
nonopt_end = optind;
/*
* If we have "-" do nothing, if "--" we are done.
*/
if (place[1] != '\0' && *++place == '-' && place[1] == '\0') {
optind++;
place = EMSG;
/*
* We found an option (--), so if we skipped
* non-options, we have to permute.
*/
if (nonopt_end != -1) {
permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
optind, nargv);
optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
}
nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
return (-1);
}
}
/*
* Check long options if:
* 1) we were passed some
* 2) the arg is not just "-"
* 3) either the arg starts with -- we are getopt_long_only()
*/
if (long_options != NULL && place != nargv[optind] &&
(*place == '-' || (flags & FLAG_LONGONLY))) {
short_too = 0;
if (*place == '-')
place++; /* --foo long option */
else if (*place != ':' && strchr(options, *place) != NULL)
short_too = 1; /* could be short option too */
optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options,
idx, short_too);
if (optchar != -1) {
place = EMSG;
return (optchar);
}
}
if (((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':') ||
(optchar == (int)'-' && *place != '\0') ||
(oli = strchr(options, optchar)) == NULL) {
/*
* If the user specified "-" and '-' isn't listed in
* options, return -1 (non-option) as per POSIX.
* Otherwise, it is an unknown option character (or ':').
*/
if (optchar == (int)'-' && *place == '\0')
return (-1);
if (!*place)
++optind;
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr, illoptchar, optchar);
optopt = optchar;
return (BADCH);
}
if (long_options != NULL && optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {
/* -W long-option */
if (*place) /* no space */
/* NOTHING */;
else if (++optind >= nargc) { /* no arg */
place = EMSG;
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr, recargchar, optchar);
optopt = optchar;
return (BADARG);
} else /* white space */
place = nargv[optind];
optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options,
idx, 0);
place = EMSG;
return (optchar);
}
if (*++oli != ':') { /* doesn't take argument */
if (!*place)
++optind;
} else { /* takes (optional) argument */
optarg = NULL;
if (*place) /* no white space */
optarg = place;
/* XXX: disable test for :: if PC? (GNU doesn't) */
else if (oli[1] != ':') { /* arg not optional */
if (++optind >= nargc) { /* no arg */
place = EMSG;
if (PRINT_ERROR)
fprintf(stderr, recargchar, optchar);
optopt = optchar;
return (BADARG);
} else
optarg = nargv[optind];
} else if (!(flags & FLAG_PERMUTE)) {
/*
* If permutation is disabled, we can accept an
* optional arg separated by whitespace so long
* as it does not start with a dash (-).
*/
if (optind + 1 < nargc && *nargv[optind + 1] != '-')
optarg = nargv[++optind];
}
place = EMSG;
++optind;
}
/* dump back option letter */
return (optchar);
}
#ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
/*
* getopt --
* Parse argc/argv argument vector.
*
* [eventually this will replace the BSD getopt]
*/
int
getopt(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options)
{
/*
* We don't pass FLAG_PERMUTE to getopt_internal() since
* the BSD getopt(3) (unlike GNU) has never done this.
*
* Furthermore, since many privileged programs call getopt()
* before dropping privileges it makes sense to keep things
* as simple (and bug-free) as possible.
*/
return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, NULL, NULL, 0));
}
#endif /* REPLACE_GETOPT */
/*
* getopt_long --
* Parse argc/argv argument vector.
*/
int
getopt_long(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
const struct option *long_options, int *idx)
{
return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx,
FLAG_PERMUTE));
}
/*
* getopt_long_only --
* Parse argc/argv argument vector.
*/
int
getopt_long_only(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
const struct option *long_options, int *idx)
{
return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx,
FLAG_PERMUTE|FLAG_LONGONLY));
}
/*****************************************************************************
* getopt test program.
* $Header: /cvsroot/freegetopt/freegetopt/test.c,v 1.3 2003/10/26 03:10:20 vindaci Exp $
*
* Copyright (c)2002-2003 Mark K. Kim
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
*
* * Neither the original author of this software nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF
* THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
* DAMAGE.
*/
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "getopt.h"
/*****************************************************************************
* DEFINES
*/
/**
* flags for different command-line options
*
* these options don't do anything - there's just here
* as examples
*/
#define FLAG_INTERACT 0x0001 /* interactive mode */
#define FLAG_FORCE 0x0002 /* force mode */
#define FLAG_RECURSIVE 0x0004 /* recursive mode */
/*****************************************************************************
* GLOBALS
*/
int flags = 0; /* store flags here */
int verbose = 5; /* verbosity level */
const char* in_fname = NULL; /* input filename */
const char* out_fname = NULL; /* output filename */
/*****************************************************************************
* arg_to_int - Convert argument string to integer.
*
* min - Minimum allowed value, inclusive.
* max - Maximum allowed value, inclusive.
* defalt - The default value, in case of an error.
* opt - Option string of this argument. (ex., "-h");
*/
int arg_to_int(const char* arg, int min, int max, int defalt, const char* opt)
{
int i = defalt;
int rv;
/* no argument means we use the default value */
if(!arg) goto done;
/* make sure we got an integer argument */
rv = sscanf(arg, "%d", &i);
if(rv != 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: integer argument required.\n", opt);
i = defalt;
goto done;
}
/* make sure the integer argument is within the desired range */
if(i < min || max < i) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: argument out of integer range.\n", opt);
i = defalt;
goto done;
}
done:
return i;
}
/*****************************************************************************
* help
*/
void help()
{
printf(
"getopt test program\n"
"Usage: test [OPTION] [INPUT]\n"
" INPUT set input filename (doesn't do anything)\n"
" -h help menu (this screen)\n"
" -i interactive mode (doesn't do anything)\n"
" -f force mode (doesn't do anything)\n"
" -r recursive mode (doesn't do anything)\n"
" -v[level] set verbosity level (5 is default; doesn't do anything)\n"
" -o filename set output filename (doesn't do anything)\n"
);
}
/*****************************************************************************
* MAIN
*/
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/* check arguments */
while(1) {
int c = getopt(argc, argv, "-ifrhv::o:");
if(c == -1) break;
switch(c) {
case 'i': flags |= FLAG_INTERACT; break;
case 'f': flags |= FLAG_FORCE; break;
case 'r': flags |= FLAG_RECURSIVE; break;
case 'h': help(); exit(0);
case 'v': verbose = arg_to_int(optarg, 0, 10, 5, "v"); break;
case 'o': out_fname = optarg; break;
case 1: in_fname = optarg; break;
#ifdef DEBUG
default:
printf("Option '%c' (%d) with '%s'\n", c, c, optarg);
#endif
}
}
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("optind at %d; argv[optind] = '%s'\n", optind, argv[optind]);
#endif
/* print out what we got */
if(flags & FLAG_INTERACT) printf("in interactive mode\n");
else printf("not in interactive mode\n");
if(flags & FLAG_FORCE) printf("in force mode\n");
else printf("not in force mode\n");
if(flags & FLAG_RECURSIVE) printf("in recursive mode\n");
else printf("not in recursive mode\n");
printf("verbosity level: %d\n", verbose);
if(in_fname) printf("input filename: %s\n", in_fname);
else printf("no input filename\n");
if(out_fname) printf("output filename: %s\n", out_fname);
else printf("no output filename\n");
return 0;
}
/* vim:ts=3
*/
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