通过Socket读取数据InputStream.read()阻塞问题

echohawk

已于 2022-05-09 18:29:08 修改

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文章标签： java 网络

于 2022-05-09 16:30:28 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/echohawk/article/details/124668763

版权

本文探讨了在Java中使用Socket进行客户端-服务端通信时遇到的阻塞问题。作者通过示例代码展示了客户端发送消息后，服务端的`inputStream.read()`方法阻塞的情况，并提出了两种解决方案：1) 服务端限制一次读取固定长度的数据；2) 客户端在发送完消息后调用`shutdownOutput()`方法。这两种方法可以避免阻塞并确保数据的正常交换。

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想用Socket写一个Server端和Client端一个请求回复的Demo 发现程序阻塞了记录一下

我是这么写的

public class BioClient1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = null;
        try {
            //发送你好
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8080);
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            BufferedOutputStream dos = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
            dos.write("你好啊".getBytes());
            dos.flush();
            //接收服务端返回数据
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            int offset = -1;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while ((offset = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, offset);
            }
            inputStream.close();
            System.out.println(byteArrayOutputStream);
            byteArrayOutputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (socket != null) {
                socket.close();
            }
        }
    }

}

public class BioServer1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);

        for(;;) {
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
            SocketHandle socketHandle = new SocketHandle(accept);
            socketHandle.start();
        }
    }


    static class SocketHandle extends Thread {
        private Socket socket;

        SocketHandle(Socket socket) {
            this.socket = socket;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                int offset = -1;
                //如果用这个的话这行代码的read方法会阻塞 因为客户端的OutputStream没有关闭
                while ((offset = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                    baos.write(bytes, 0, offset);
                }
                byte[] result = new byte[read];
                System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, result, 0, read);
                System.out.println(new String(result, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
                outputStream.write("你也好啊".getBytes());
                outputStream.flush();
                outputStream.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
            }

        }
    }
}

整个流程大概是

阻塞问题出现在Server端的inputStream.read()中这个是因为客户端的outputStream发送完消息后并没有close 因为我之后还要用到客户端的inputStream获取服务端回复的消息如果客户端发送完消息就关闭outputStream 之后获取inputStream会报连接重置异常所以这边给出两种方案

1.只修改服务端只调用一次 inputStream.read 这样就不会阻塞了但只能获取不能大于的数组大小的字符了

public class BioServer1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8080);

        for(;;) {
            Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
            SocketHandle socketHandle = new SocketHandle(accept);
            socketHandle.start();
        }
    }


    static class SocketHandle extends Thread {
        private Socket socket;

        SocketHandle(Socket socket) {
            this.socket = socket;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
                int read = inputStream.read(bytes);
                byte[] result = new byte[read];
                System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, result, 0, read);
                System.out.println(new String(result, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
                outputStream.write("你也好啊".getBytes());
                outputStream.flush();
                outputStream.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端的代码不用修改但如果把服务端中的最后的socket.close和outputStream.close();去掉的话客户端依旧会阻塞

2.在客户端发送信息完成之后调用socket的shutdownOutput方法这个就只需要修改客户端的代码

public class BioClient1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Socket socket = null;
        try {
            //发送你好
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8080);
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            BufferedOutputStream dos = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
            dos.write("你好啊".getBytes());
            dos.flush();
            //添加关闭socket 输出流
            socket.shutdownOutput();

            //接收服务端返回数据
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            int offset = -1;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while ((offset = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, offset);
            }
            inputStream.close();
            System.out.println(byteArrayOutputStream);
            byteArrayOutputStream.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (socket != null) {
                socket.close();
            }
        }
    }

}

这个方法相对优雅