Google Code Jam2008 Round1B Number Sets（并查集）

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nachuang/article/details/8515846

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

bool primes[1000001];
int primesV[1000001];
int priSize;
int sets[1000001];

void GetPrimes() {
  int i;
  priSize = 0;
  memset(primes, true, sizeof(primes));
  for (i = 2; i < 1000000; ++i) {
    if (primes[i]) {
      primesV[priSize++] = i;
      for (int j = 2; j * i <= 1000000; ++j) {
        primes[i * j] = false;
      }
    }
  }
}
int FindSet(int n) {
  if (sets[n] == n) {
    return n;
  }
  return sets[n] = FindSet(sets[n]);
}
void UnionSet(int a, int b) {
  sets[FindSet(a)] = FindSet(b);
}

long long A, B, C, P;
int cas;

int main () {
  freopen("B-large-practice.in", "r", stdin);
  freopen("B-large-practice.out", "w", stdout);
  scanf("%lld", &C);
  cas = 0;
  GetPrimes();
  while (C--) {
    cas++;
    scanf("%lld %lld %lld", &A, &B, &P);
    for (int i = 0; i <= B - A; ++i) {
      sets[i] = i;
    }
    long long prime;
   
    for (int i = 0; i < priSize; ++i) {
      prime = primesV[i];
      if (prime >= P) {
        long long st = (A + prime - 1) / prime * prime;
        long long step = st + prime;
        while (step <= B) {
          UnionSet(step - A, st - A);
          step += prime;
        }
      }

    }
    int sum = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i <= B - A; ++i) {
      if (FindSet(i) == i) {
        ++sum;
      }
    }
    printf("Case #%d: %d\n", cas, sum);
  }
  return 0;
}

官方解析：

Firstly, we only need to find prime factors less than the size of the interval.

If a prime is larger than or equal to the size of the interval,

then at most one integer in the interval can have that prime as a factor,

so it will never be used to merge sets.

（由于做题时，没有分析出这个结论，导致large数据的题解没做出来。

这个结论限制了，只需求出0-1000000之间的素数即可。）

题义：只要两个数有一个公约数，且公约数为数素并一个大于P，那么这两个数就可以分为一个集合，

比如 P为5，那么 10, 15, 20就为一个集合，因为他们的素公约数为5满足条件。

而12，18不是一个集合，他们的素公约数为3，小于P。

Small dataset

1 <= C <= 10 1 <= A <= B <= 1000 2 <= P <= B