springmvc（一）---适配器和映射器的使用

一、非注解配置

1、处理器适配器SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter和处理器映射器SimpleUrlHandlerMapping的使用

a、建web工程，将spring的包导入

b、修改web.xml，配置前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>springmvc-handler</display-name>

<!-- springmvc前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- contextConfigLocation配置springmvc加载的配置文件（配置处理器映射器、适配器等等）
如果不配置contextConfigLocation，默认加载的是/WEB-INF/servlet名称-serlvet.xml（springmvc-servlet.xml）
-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

c、pojo类

package top.einino.pojo;

import java.util.Date;

public class Blog {
private int id;
private String title;
private String content;
private Date createTime;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}

}

d、写controller类

package top.einino.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import top.einino.pojo.Blog;

public class BlogController1 implements Controller{

@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

List<Blog> blogs = new ArrayList<Blog>();
Blog blog1 = new Blog();
blog1.setId(1);
blog1.setTitle("springmvc");
blog1.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog1.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog1);
Blog blog2 = new Blog();
blog2.setId(2);
blog2.setTitle("springmvc");
blog2.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog2.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog2);
Blog blog3 = new Blog();
blog3.setId(3);
blog3.setTitle("springmvc");
blog3.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog3.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog3);

//返回modelAndView
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//将数据放到request域中
modelAndView.addObject("blogs", blogs);
//设置跳转的页面
modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/blog/blogList.jsp");
return modelAndView;

}

}

e、配置springmvc.xml，配置适配器、映射器和视图解析器

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd ">

<!-- 非注解形式 -->
<!-- 创建controller实例 -->
<bean id="blogController1" class="top.einino.controller.BlogController1"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器适配器SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter
BlogController1需要实现Controller类
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器映射器SimpleUrlHandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<!-- 当浏览器访问/queryBlog.action时，将会去寻找id为blogController1的handler -->
<prop key="/queryBlog.action">blogController1</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置视图解析器     解析jsp解析，默认使用jstl标签，classpath下的得有jstl的包-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
</bean>

</beans>

f、写返回的jsp界面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"  prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>显示所有博文</title>
</head>
<body>
所有博文：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>博文id</td>
<td>博文标题</td>
<td>博文内容</td>
<td>博文发布时间</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${blogs }" var="blog">
<tr>
<td>${blog.id }</td>
<td>${blog.title }</td>
<td>${blog.content }</td>
<td><fmt:formatDate value="${blog.createTime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></td>
<td><a href="">修改</a></td>

</tr>
</c:forEach>

</table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

2、使用适配器HttpRequestHandlerAdapter和映射器BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping

a、修改springmvc.xml

<!-- 非注解形式 -->
<!-- 创建controller实例 -->
<bean id="blogController2" name="/queryBlog.action" class="top.einino.controller.BlogController2"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器适配器HttpRequestHandlerAdapter
BlogController2需要实现HttpRequestHandler类
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器映射器BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping,通过bean的名字去匹配访问的url -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping">
</bean>
<!-- 配置视图解析器     解析jsp解析，默认使用jstl标签，classpath下的得有jstl的包-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
</bean>

b、再写handler

package top.einino.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import top.einino.pojo.Blog;

public class BlogController2 implements HttpRequestHandler{

@Override
public void handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

List<Blog> blogs = new ArrayList<Blog>();
Blog blog1 = new Blog();
blog1.setId(1);
blog1.setTitle("springmvc");
blog1.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog1.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog1);
Blog blog2 = new Blog();
blog2.setId(2);
blog2.setTitle("springmvc");
blog2.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog2.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog2);
Blog blog3 = new Blog();
blog3.setId(3);
blog3.setTitle("springmvc");
blog3.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog3.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog3);
//将blogs放到request域中
request.setAttribute("blogs", blogs);
//由request请求转发到/WEB-INF/blog/blogList.jsp下
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/blog/blogList.jsp").forward(request, response);

}

}

二、注解配置

使用处理器适配器RequestMappingHandlerAdapter和处理器映射器RequestMappingHandlerMapping

a、修改springmvc.xml

<!-- 注解形式 -->
<!-- 注解方式自动创建实例 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="top.einino.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置处理器适配器RequestMappingHandlerAdapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器映射器RequestMappingHandlerMapping -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping">
</bean>
<!-- 配置视图解析器     解析jsp解析，默认使用jstl标签，classpath下的得有jstl的包-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>

b、写handler

package top.einino.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import top.einino.pojo.Blog;

@Controller
public class BlogController3 {

@RequestMapping("/queryBlog.action")
public ModelAndView queryBlog(){

List<Blog> blogs = new ArrayList<Blog>();
Blog blog1 = new Blog();
blog1.setId(1);
blog1.setTitle("springmvc");
blog1.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog1.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog1);
Blog blog2 = new Blog();
blog2.setId(2);
blog2.setTitle("springmvc");
blog2.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog2.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog2);
Blog blog3 = new Blog();
blog3.setId(3);
blog3.setTitle("springmvc");
blog3.setContent("适配器和映射器的使用");
blog3.setCreateTime(new Date());
blogs.add(blog3);
//返回modelAndView
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//将数据放到request域中
modelAndView.addObject("blogs", blogs);
//设置跳转的页面
modelAndView.setViewName("blog/blogList");
return modelAndView;

}

}

使用注解的映射器和注解的适配器。（注解的映射器和注解的适配器必须配对使用），在实际开发中可以用<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>来代替两个注解处理器的配置。

三、小结

本博文介绍了三种处理器适配器和三种处理器映射器，但更常用的是注解配置的处理器。

如果有疑问或者对本博文有何看法或建议或有问题的，欢迎评论，恳请指正！