笔记——Gradle简单入门

Groovy简单语法

打印输出

println("hello");
println("world") //省略;
println "hello" //省略;和()

定义变量

• 普通类型

  def a = 10 //定义变量a
  println a //打印输出a
  

• 集合类型

  def list = ["a","b","c"]
  list << "d" //添加元素
  println list[3] //打印下标为3的元素
  

  def map = ["k1":"v1","k2":"v2"]
  map.k4 = "v4";
  println map.k4
  

• 闭包

  def a = { //定义闭包(闭包其实就是代码块)
      println "hello"
  }
  def b(Closure closure){//定义方法,参数是闭包Closure
      closure();
  }
  b(a) //调用方法，传递参数
  

  def a = {
      v ->
         println "hello ${v}" //接收参数
  }
  def b(Closure closure){
      closure("world") //传递参数
  }
  b(a) //调用方法传递参数
  

配置Gradle本地仓库

电脑–》属性–》高级系统设置–》环境变量–》新建

第一个Gradle简单项目

• build.gradle

  plugins {
      id 'java'
  }
  
  group 'mycode'
  version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
  
  sourceCompatibility = 1.8
  
  repositories {
      mavenLocal() //本地仓库
      mavenCentral()
  }
  
  dependencies {
      testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
      compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-context', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
  
  }
  

• Dao

  public interface CustomerDao {
      public void findAll();
  }
  

  public class CustomerDaoImpl implements CustomerDao {
      @Override
      public void findAll() {
          System.out.println("成功");
      }
  }
  

• spring.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
      <bean name="customerDao" class="CustomerDaoImpl"/>
  </beans>
  

• 测试是否可运行

  public class TestBean {
  
      @Test
      public void te(){
          ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
          CustomerDao customerDao = (CustomerDao) context.getBean("customerDao");
          customerDao.findAll();
      }
  }
  

• 输出乱码，解决，在build.gradle中添加

  tasks.withType(JavaCompile){
      options.encoding = "utf-8" //解决输出中文乱码
  }
  

第一个Gradle简单Web项目

• 新建一个Gradle项目，在src/main下创建一个包，名为webapp，下文件夹下新建WEB-INF包，在WEB-INF下新建web.xml文件

• build.gradle

  plugins {
      id 'java'
      id 'war' //打包为war，webapp才能被表示为一个web资源包
  }
  
  group 'mycode'
  version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
  
  sourceCompatibility = 1.8
  
  repositories {
      mavenLocal()
      mavenCentral()
  }
  
  dependencies {
      testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
      compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-context', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
      compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-web', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
      compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-webmvc', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
      providedCompile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'jsp-api', version: '2.0'
      providedCompile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'javax.servlet-api', version: '3.1.0'
  }
  

• web.xml

  <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
  <web-app version="2.4"
           xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
          http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
      <servlet><!--SpringMVC前端控制器-->
          <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
          <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><!--SpringMVC配置文件的位置-->
              <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
          </init-param>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
          <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
          <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
  </web-app>
  

• springmvc.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
         https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
  	<context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"/>
  	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
  	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
  	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  	    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
  	    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  	</bean>
  </beans>
  

• controller层

  @Controller
  public class MyController {
      @RequestMapping("/toList")
      public String toList(){
          return "list";
      }
  }
  

• index.jsp

  <jsp:forward page="/toList"/>
  

• 添加本地Tomcat，运行

第一个Gradle拆分项目

• 父项目的配置

  allprojects {//父项目的配置，所有子项目都可用
      apply plugin: 'java' //不能写plugins{id 'java'}，这么写会报错
      group 'mycode'
      version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
  
      sourceCompatibility = 1.8
  
      repositories {
          mavenLocal()
          mavenCentral()
      }
  
      dependencies {
          testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
          compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-context', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
          compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-web', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
          compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-webmvc', version: '5.2.5.RELEASE'
          compile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'jsp-api', version: '2.0'
          compile group: 'javax.servlet', name: 'javax.servlet-api', version: '3.1.0'
      }
  }
  

• 子项目的配置

  dependencies{//service层使用dao层
      compile project(":gradle-dao")
  }
  

  apply plugin: 'war'//web层，打包方式为war
  dependencies{//web层使用service层
      compile project(":gradle-service")
  }