android 之 JNI 详解（三）

 3.registerNativeMethods()函数的用途

　　应用层级的Java类别透过VM而呼叫到本地函数。一般是仰赖VM去寻找*.so里的本地函数。如果需要连续呼叫很多次，每次都需要寻找一遍，会多花许多时间。此时，组件开发者可以自行将本地函数向VM进行登记。例如，在Android的/system/lib/libmedia_jni.so档案里的代码段如下：

java代码：

1. //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
   
2. 
   
3. #define LOG_TAG "MediaPlayer-JNI"
   
4. static JNINativeMethod gMethods[] = {
   
5. {"setDataSource", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSource},　{"setDataSource", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;JJ)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setDataSourceFD},
   
6. {"prepare", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepare},
   
7. {"prepareAsync", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_prepareAsync},
   
8. {"_start", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_start},
   
9. {"_stop", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_stop},
   
10. {"getVideoWidth", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoWidth},
    
11. {"getVideoHeight", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getVideoHeight},
    
12. {"seekTo", "(I)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_seekTo},
    
13. {"_pause", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_pause},
    
14. {"isPlaying", "()Z", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_isPlaying},
    
15. {"getCurrentPosition", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getCurrentPosition},
    
16. {"getDuration", "()I", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getDuration},
    
17. {"_release", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_release},
    
18. {"_reset", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_reset},
    
19. {"setAudioStreamType","(I)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setAudioStreamType},
    
20. {"setLooping", "(Z)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setLooping},
    
21. {"setVolume", "(FF)V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_setVolume},
    
22. {"getFrameAt", "(I)Landroid/graphics/Bitmap;",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_getFrameAt},
    
23. {"native_setup", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)V",(void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_setup},
    
24. {"native_finalize", "()V", (void *)android_media_MediaPlayer_native_finalize},
    
25. };
    
26. 
    
27. static int register_android_media_MediaPlayer(JNIEnv *env){
    
28. return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(env,"android/media/MediaPlayer", gMethods, NELEM(gMethods));
    
29. }
    

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java代码：

1. jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved){
   
2. if (register_android_media_MediaPlayer(env) < 0) {
   
3. 
   
4. LOGE("ERROR: MediaPlayer native registration failed ");
   
5. goto bail;
   
6. }
   
7. }
   
8. 
   

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        当VM载入libmedia_jni.so档案时，就呼叫JNI_OnLoad()函数。接着，JNI_OnLoad()呼叫 register_android_media_MediaPlayer()函数。此时，就呼叫到 AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods()函数，向VM(即AndroidRuntime)登记 gMethods[]表格所含的本地函数了。简而言之，registerNativeMethods()函数的用途有二：

　　(1)更有效率去找到函数。
　　(2)可在执行期间进行抽换。由于gMethods[]是一个<名称，函数指针>对照表，在程序执行时，可多次呼叫registerNativeMethods()函数来更换本地函数之指针，而达到弹性抽换本地函数之目的。

 

系列之Android 深入研究JNI（三）的帖子链接http://www.eoeandroid.com/thread-87011-1-1.html