嵌入式项目Makefile设计的一般方法

　　本文以视频会议项目为背景，讨论如何使用WindRiver Tornado2.2的GNU工具链中的make工具编译各个模块的源代码，为嵌入式项目创建Makefile提供一般的设计方法。

具体方法如下：
１．先为所有模块，如下图中的code/source/appl目录下dp_new、gc、mc等编写一个全局的Makefile,取名为Makefile.global,放在code/include中。这个全局ＭＡＫＥＦＩＬＥ用于指明工具链、各个子模块的相对路径、obj文件存放的位置，要引用的头文件和库文件目录等。
２．为各个模块如dp_new,gc,mc等编写子Makefile。在这些子Makefile使用include引用Makefile.global并指明要编译的源文件和编译规则已经最终要生成的目标，这里以gc模块为例，来说明如何书写便宜规则！

# Description:Global makefile  for  sub - modules 
# Author:http: // blog.sina.com.cn/embeddedsoft
         http: // blog.csdn.net/embeddedsoft


#here define CPU type, compiler    tools faimly, compile rule
CPU                                         =  PPC603
TOOL                                     =  gnu
TOOL_FAMILY                         =  gnu
DEFAULT_RULE                     =  vxWorks

AR                                         =  arppc
AS                                         =  ccppc
BOOT_EXTRA                         =
CC                                         =  ccppc
CPPC                                     =  c ++ ppc

# Modify path when the path    of source code was changed
WIND_CODE_BASE                 =  E: / cvsroot2 / MCU500 / code

WIND_PROJECT_BASE             =  $(WIND_CODE_BASE) / build
WIND_SOURCE_BASE             =  $(WIND_CODE_BASE) / source

PRJ_ROOT_DIR                      =  $(WIND_PROJECT_BASE)
SRC_ROOT_DIR                      =  $(WIND_SOURCE_BASE)
INC_ROOT_DIR                      =  $(WIND_CODE_BASE) / include
LIB_ROOT_DIR                      =  $(WIND_CODE_BASE) / lib

# target and bsp module
TARGET_DIR                         =  $(WIND_BASE) / target
TARGET_INCLUDE_DIR         =  $(TARGET_DIR) / h
TARGET_COMPS_SRC_DIR     =  $(TARGET_DIR) / config / comps / src
TARGET_DRV_SRC_DIR         =  $(TARGET_DIR) / src / drv

BSP_DIR                                 =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / bsp / nw8260_323

BSP_INCLUDE_DIR                 =  $(BSP_DIR) / nwh

# MainCtrl module
MC_DIR                             =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / mc
MC_INCLUDE_DIR            =  $(MC_DIR) / include
MC_SOURCE_DIR             =  $(MC_DIR) / source

# Console module
CONSOLE_DIR                         =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / ui / console
CONSOLE_INCLUDE_DIR      =  $(CONSOLE_DIR) / include
CONSOLE_SOURCE_DIR        =  $(CONSOLE_DIR) / source

# rs module
RS_DIR                                 =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / ui / rs
RS_INCLUDE_DIR              =  $(RS_DIR) / include
RS_SOURCE_DIR               =  $(RS_DIR) / source

# Comm module
COMM_DIR                             =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / base / comm_new
COMM_INCLUDE_DIR           =  $(COMM_DIR) / include
COMM_SOURCE_DIR             =  $(COMM_DIR) / source

# stack module
STACK_DIR                             =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / stack

# DataProcess module
DP_DIR                                 =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / dp_new
DP_INCLUDE_DIR                 =  $(DP_DIR) / include
DP_SOURCE_DIR                     =  $(DP_DIR) / source

#web module
EWSMCU_INCLUDE_DIR        =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / ui / web / EWS_MCU / include
EWSMCU_SOURCE_DIR           =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / appl / ui / web / EWS_MCU / source

# common module
COMMON_DIR                         =  $(SRC_ROOT_DIR) / base / common


# application
PRJ_DIR                                 =  $(PRJ_ROOT_DIR)
OBJ_DIR                                 =  $(PRJ_ROOT_DIR) / binary
APP_INCLUDE_DIR                 =  $(WIND_CODE_BASE) / include

CFLAGS                                  =   - g     
                                             - mcpu = 603   - mstrict - align 
                                             - ansi     - fno - builtin  
                                             - DCPU = PPC603 
                                             - DTOOL_FAMILY = gnu 
                                             - DTOOL = gnu    
                                             - DPRJ_BUILD    
                                             - D__VXWORKS__ 
                                             - DCODEC_RTOS
                                             - DVXWORKS 
                                             - DUEMF 
                                             - DWEBS_PAGE_ROM 
                                             - DWEBS 
                                             - D__NO_PACK 
                                             - DDEVICE_MCU 

INCLUDE_DIR                         =   - I$(BSP_DIR)
                                             - I$(BSP_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(INC_ROOT_DIR)
                                             - I$(TARGET_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(BSP_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(TARGET_DRV_SRC_DIR)
                                             - I$(PRJ_DIR)
                                             - I$(OBJ_DIR)
                                             - I$(MC_DIR)
                                             - I$(MC_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(MC_SOURCE_DIR)
                                             - I$(DP_DIR)
                                             - I$(DP_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(DP_SOURCE_DIR)
                                             - I$(CONSOLE_DIR)
                                             - I$(CONSOLE_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(CONSOLE_SOURCE_DIR)
                                             - I$(EWSMCU_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(EWSMCU_SOURCE_DIR)
                                             - I$(COMM_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(COMM_SOURCE_DIR)
                                             - I$(RS_INCLUDE_DIR)
                                             - I$(RS_SOURCE_DIR)


CFLAGS                                  +=  $(INCLUDE_DIR)

MAKE                                      =  $(WIND_BASE) / host / x86 - win32 / bin / make
RM                                          =  rm
CP                                          =  $(WIND_BASE) / host / x86 - win32 / bin / cp

 

# Description:Makefile used to build GC module 
# Author:http: // blog.sina.com.cn/embeddedsoft
         http: // blog.csdn.net/embeddedsoft

include     .. / .. / .. / include / Makefile. global
 
APP_GC     =      $(LIB_ROOT_DIR) / gc.a

SRCS     =      gcaddrbook.c
        gccallhistory.c
        gccapacity.c
        gcconftemplate.c
        gcdevice.c
        gcendpointinfo.c
        gcgateway.c
        gcgk.c
        gcglobal.c
        gcmulticast.c
        gcnet.c
        gcresethistory.c
        gcrs.c
        gcupdate.c
        gcweb.c        

OBJS2     : =      $(SRCS:.c = .o)
OBJS    : =      $(addprefix $(OBJ_DIR) / ,$(OBJS2))

$(APP_GC):$(OBJS) 
        $(RM)  - f $(APP_GC)
        $(AR)  - r $(APP_GC) $(OBJS)        
                    
$(OBJ_DIR) /% .o:  % .c
        $(CC)  - c  - o $@ $(CFLAGS) $ <
clean:
        $(RM) $(APP_GC) $(OBJS)