SpringMVC的使用（3）

上篇
SpringMVC的使用（2）

@ResponseBody注解

1、SpringMVC的返回JSON数据

​ 到目前为止编写的所有Controller的方法的返回值都是String类型，但是大家应该都知道，有时候数据传递特别是在ajax中，返回的数据经常需要使用json，那么如何来保证返回的数据的是json格式呢？使用@ResponseBody注解

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmv_ajax</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
	<!--指定Spring要扫描的组件等对象所在的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example"></context:component-scan>
	<!--定义内部资源视图解析器熟悉，处理内部返回页面的url拼接和跳转-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--声明默认的请求-servelet映射处理器-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>
    <!--声明SpingMVC注解驱动，建立解析客户端请求和对应处理方法的映射-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

JsonController.java

package com.example.controller;

import com.example.bean.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class JsonController {
   

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/json")
    public List<User> json(){
   
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
        list.add(new User(1,"zhangsan",12,"男",new Date(),"[email protected]"));
        list.add(new User(2,"zhangsan2",12,"男",new Date(),"[email protected]"));
        list.add(new User(3,"zhangsan3",12,"男",new Date(),"[email protected]"));
        return list;
    }
}

User.java

package com.example.bean;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
   

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String gender;
    @JsonFormat( pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date birth;
    @JsonIgnore
    private String email;

    public User() {
   
    }

    public User(Integer id, String name, Integer age, String gender, Date birth, String email) {
   
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.birth = birth;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
   
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
   
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
   
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
   
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
   
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
   
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getGender() {
   
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
   
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
   
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
   
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
   
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
   
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
   
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

另外@ResponseBody也可以直接将返回的字符串数据作为响应内容，具体需要返回声明看需求使用即可

package com.example.controller;

import com.example.bean.User;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class OtherController {
   
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/testResponseBody")
    public String testResponseBody(){
   
        return "<h1>success</h1>";
    }
}

---

2、发送ajax请求获取json数据

ajax.jsp

<%@ page import="java.util.Date" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <!--记得在js页面导入JQuery包-->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="script/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<%
    pageContext.setAttribute("ctp",request.getContextPath());
%>
<body>
<%=new Date()%>
<a href="${ctp}/json">获取用户信息</a>
<div>

</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $("a:first").click(function () {
    
        $.ajax({
    
            url:"${ctp}/json",
            type:"GET",
            success:function (data) {
    
                console.log(data)
                $.each(data,function() {
    
                    var user = this.id+"--"+this.name+"--"+this.age+"--"+this.gender+"--"+this.birth+"--"+this.email;
                    $("div").append(user+'<br/>');
                })
            }
        });
        return false;
    });
</script>
</body>
</html>

---

3、使用@RequestBody获取请求体信息

testOther.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<%
    pageContext.setAttribute("ctp",request.getContextPath());
%>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${ctp}/testRequestBody" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input name="username" value="zhangsan"><br>
    <input name="password" value="123456"><br>
    <input type="file" name="file" ><br>
    <input type="submit"><br>
</form>
</body>
</html>

OtherController.java

package com.example.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping