BuiltIn常用关键字(二)
1.Evaluate
作用：执行python表达式，并将执行结果返回。很强大，通过它可以使用 Python 语言中所提供的方法
语法：
Name:Evaluate
Source:BuiltIn
Arguments:[ expression | modules=modules | namespace=namespace ]
参数说明：
l expression：要执行的python表达式
l modules：指定要导入的python模块，多个的话用逗号分隔
l namespace：命名空间
示例：
***Variables ***
${result} 3.14
*** Test Cases ***
Example
# 用字符串’3.14’比较，返回False
${status} = Evaluate 0 < ${result} < 10
# 转换为数字类型的3.14
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{exp}= Evaluate float(
exp=Evaluatefloat({result} )
Should Be Equal ${exp} ${3.14}
${random} = Evaluate random.randint(0, sys.maxsize) modules=random, sys
# 生成一个字典 {‘x’: 4, ‘y’: 2}
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{ns} = Create Dictionary x=
ns=CreateDictionaryx={4} y=${2}
# 将字典作为命名空间，用字典中的数据进行运算
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{result} = Evaluate x*10 + y namespace=
result=Evaluatex∗10+ynamespace={ns}
执行结果：
2.Run Keyword If
作用：如果给出的判断条件满足，就执行给出的关键字，相当于python中的if
语法：
Run Keyword If 判断条件 其他关键字
… ELSE IF 判断条件 其他关键字
… ELSE 判断条件 其他关键字
注意：ELSE IF或者ELSE前面的3个点不能省略
示例：
*** Test Cases ***
If Test Int
# 判断数字类型
${var} Set Variable ${3}
Run Keyword If ${var}<0 Log -1
… ELSE IF
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{var}==0 Log 0 ... ELSE IF 1<=
var==0Log0...ELSEIF1<={var}<=10 Log 1
… ELSE Log 2
If Test Str
# 判断字符串类型
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{var} Set Variable aaa Run Keyword If '
varSetVariableaaaRunKeywordIf′{var}’==‘aaa’ Log equal
… ELSE Log different
If Test 2 Condtions
# 2个判断条件
# 默认都是字符串类型
@{list} Create List 1 2 3
Log ${2} in @{list}
Run Keyword If ${2}in@{list} and ${3}in@{list} Log 1111
… ELSE Log 2222
执行结果：
说明：
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变量 v a r 值 为 字 符 或 者 布 尔 类 型 时 ， 在 判 断 条 件 中 其 需 要 加 单 引 号 或 双 引 号 ， 为 ’ {var}值为字符或者布尔类型时，在判断条件中其需要加单引号或双引号，为’ var值为字符或者布尔类型时，在判断条件中其需要加单引号或双引号，为’{var}’或者”${var}”
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在判断条件中，与变量${var}对比的字符常量也需要加单引号或双引号；
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if的条件可以有多个，and表示且也就是同时满足所有条件，or表示或某个满足即可
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RF中默认都在字符串类型，所以最后一个测试用例返回的是2222
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For Loop
作用：for循环，通过“：for”定义 for 循环；in range 用于指定循环的范围。
语法：
旧语法：
:FOR变量 IN 序列(or 列表)
\ 关键字 参数值
:FOR变量 IN RANGE 循环限量
\ 关键字 参数值
新语法：
FOR变量 IN 序列(or 列表)
关键字 参数值
END
FOR变量 IN RANGE 循环限量
关键字 参数值
END
区别：
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新语法FOR前面补需要写冒号：
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FOR循环中的关键字前不需要加反斜杠;
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FOR循环结束用END关键字标识。
注意：
-
Robot Framework 3.1 支持以上2种形式的for循环，有的工具甚至即使用新语法也会自动转换为旧的语法，所以2种都要了解一下。但是尽量用新语法，因为3.2版本将只支持新语法；
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FOR循环关键字必须是大写，否则会提示语法错误
示例1：新旧语法对比
*** Test Cases ***
Example For New
FOR ${animal} IN cat dog
Log ${animal} console=true
Log 2nd keyword console=true
END
Log Outside loop console=true
Example For Old
:FOR ${animal} IN cat dog
\ Log ${animal} console=true
\ Log 2nd keyword console=true
Log Outside loop console=true
执行结果：
示例2：for循环遍历多个变量
*** Test Cases ***
Example For Three Loop Variables
FOR ${index} ${english} ${finnish} IN
… 1 cat kissa
… 2 dog koira
… 3 horse hevonen
Log Many ${english} ${finnish} ${index} console=true
END
示例3：For-in-range，类似于python中的range
注意：FOR…IN RANGE必须要大写
*** Test Cases ***
Only upper limit
[Documentation] Loops over values from 0 to 9
FOR ${index} IN RANGE 10
Log ${index}
END
Start and end
[Documentation] Loops over values from 1 to 10
FOR ${index} IN RANGE 1 11
Log ${index}
END
Also step given
[Documentation] Loops over values 5, 15, and 25
FOR ${index} IN RANGE 5 26 10
Log ${index}
END
Negative step
[Documentation] Loops over values 13, 3, and -7
FOR ${index} IN RANGE 13 -13 -10
Log ${index}
END
Arithmetic
[Documentation] Arithmetic with variable
${var} Set Variable 3
FOR ${index} IN RANGE ${var} + 1
Log ${index}
END
Float parameters
[Documentation] Loops over values 3.14, 4.34, and 5.54
FOR ${index} IN RANGE 3.14 6.09 1.2
Log ${index}
END
执行结果：
Starting test: For In Range Test.Only upper limit
20190712 10:32:39.295 : INFO : 0
20190712 10:32:39.295 : INFO : 1
20190712 10:32:39.295 : INFO : 2
20190712 10:32:39.295 : INFO : 3
20190712 10:32:39.311 : INFO : 4
20190712 10:32:39.311 : INFO : 5
20190712 10:32:39.311 : INFO : 6
20190712 10:32:39.311 : INFO : 7
20190712 10:32:39.311 : INFO : 8
20190712 10:32:39.311 : INFO : 9
Ending test: For In Range Test.Only upper limit
Starting test: For In Range Test.Start and end
20190712 10:32:39.327 : INFO : 1
20190712 10:32:39.327 : INFO : 2
20190712 10:32:39.327 : INFO : 3
20190712 10:32:39.327 : INFO : 4
20190712 10:32:39.342 : INFO : 5
20190712 10:32:39.342 : INFO : 6
20190712 10:32:39.342 : INFO : 7
20190712 10:32:39.342 : INFO : 8
20190712 10:32:39.342 : INFO : 9
20190712 10:32:39.342 : INFO : 10
Ending test: For In Range Test.Start and end
Starting test: For In Range Test.Also step given
20190712 10:32:39.358 : INFO : 5
20190712 10:32:39.358 : INFO : 15
20190712 10:32:39.358 : INFO : 25
Ending test: For In Range Test.Also step given
Starting test: For In Range Test.Negative step
20190712 10:32:39.374 : INFO : 13
20190712 10:32:39.374 : INFO : 3
20190712 10:32:39.374 : INFO : -7
Ending test: For In Range Test.Negative step
Starting test: For In Range Test.Arithmetic
20190712 10:32:39.374 : INFO : ${var} = 3
20190712 10:32:39.374 : INFO : 0
20190712 10:32:39.374 : INFO : 1
20190712 10:32:39.389 : INFO : 2
20190712 10:32:39.389 : INFO : 3
Ending test: For In Range Test.Arithmetic
Starting test: For In Range Test.Float parameters
20190712 10:32:39.389 : INFO : 3.14
20190712 10:32:39.389 : INFO : 4.34
20190712 10:32:39.405 : INFO : 5.54
Ending test: For In Range Test.Float parameters
示例4：For-in-enumerate
和python中的枚举类似，可同时遍历下标和值
注意：FOR…IN ENUMERATE 必须要大写
*** Variables ***
@{LIST} a b c
*** Test Cases ***
Manage index manually
${index} = Set Variable -1
FOR ${item} IN @{LIST}
${index} = Evaluate ${index} + 1
Log Many ${index} ${item}
END
For-in-enumerate
FOR ${index} ${item} IN ENUMERATE @{LIST}
Log Many ${index} ${item}
END
执行结果：
Starting test: For In Enumerate Test.Manage index manually
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : ${index} = -1
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : ${index} = 0
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : 0
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : a
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : ${index} = 1
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : 1
20190712 10:42:12.201 : INFO : b
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : ${index} = 2
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : 2
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : c
Ending test: For In Enumerate Test.Manage index manually
Starting test: For In Enumerate Test.For-in-enumerate
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : 0
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : a
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : 1
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : b
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : 2
20190712 10:42:12.217 : INFO : c
Ending test: For In Enumerate Test.For-in-enumerate
- Continue For Loop
作用：用在for循环中，表示跳过当前循环，开始下一次循环，相当于python中的continue。
语法：
Name:Continue For Loop
Source:BuiltIn
Arguments:[ ]
示例：如果值为2则跳出本次循环，所以打印的结果是1和3
*** Test Cases ***
Example1
@{list} Create List 1 2 3
:FOR
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′
{i} IN @{list} \ Continue For Loop If '
iIN@list ContinueForLoopIf′{i}’==‘2’
\ Log ${i}
执行结果：
5.Exiting For Loop
作用：终止for循环。
语法：
Name:Exit For Loop
Source:BuiltIn
Arguments:[ ]
示例：
*** Test Cases ***
Exit Example
${text} = Set Variable ${EMPTY}
FOR
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{var} IN one two Run Keyword If '
varINonetwoRunKeywordIf′{var}’ == ‘two’ Exit For Loop
${text} = Set Variable
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{text}
text{var}
END
Should Be Equal ${text} one
6. 断言
*** Test Cases ***
断言一
#01、should contain 、 should not contain 与should contain x times
@{list1}= create list 3 a ${28} 22 25
@{list2}= set variable 3.0 a ${28} 22 22
@{list3}= create list
${string1}= set variable robot is a good
${name}= set variable robot
should contain ${list2} 3.0
should not contain ${list2} 3
should contain x times ${list2} 22 2
断言二
#should be empty 与 should not be empty
@{list1}= create list 3 a ${28} 22 25
@{list2}= create list
${list3}= create list cq
should be empty ${list2}
should not be empty ${list1}
断言三
#should be equal 与 should not be equal
@{list1}= create list 3 a ${28} 22 22 3.0
should be equal ${list1[3]} ${list1[4]}
should not be equal ${list1[0]} ${list1[5]}
断言四
#Should Be Equal As Numbers 与 Should not Be Equal As Numbers
@{list1}= create list 3 a ${28} 22 3.98 3.0
should be equal as numbers ${list1[0]} ${list1[5]}
should not be equal as numbers ${list1[0]} KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 17: …list1[4]} #̲说明：{list1[0]}=3，忽略精度，与3.0相等；忽略精度，1与3.98还是不相等的
断言五
#Should Be Equal As Integers与Should not Be Equal As Integers
@{list1}= create list 3 a ${28} 22 3.98 3.0 3 ${3}
should be equal as Integers ${list1[0]} ${list1[6]}
should not be equal as Integers ${list1[0]} ${list1[3]}
断言六
#Should Be True与Should not Be True
@{list1}= create list 3 a ${28} 22 3.98 3.0 3 ${3}
should be true
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list1[0]<{list1[3]}
should not be true
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list1[4]<{list1[0]}
断言七
#Should start With与Should not start With
${string1}= set variable cq is a girl
should start with ${string1} cq
should not start with ${string1} cd
断言八
#Should End With与Should not End With
${string1}= set variable cq is a girl
should end with ${string1} girl
should not end with ${string1} girls
断言九
#should match与 should not match
@{list1}= create list cq a ${28} 22 3.98 3.0 3 ${3}
should match ${list1[0]} c?
should not match ${list1[0]} a?
模式匹配和shell中的通配符类似，区分大小写，’*'匹配0~无穷多个字符，“？”匹配单个字符
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