awk的match函数总结

开始正文之前， 推荐下这里有个介绍awk数组的精华帖：  http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-2312439-1-1.html

 

grep 1083628889 XXYY.TamServer_updateVipAmount_20121227.log |  tr -d '][' | awk 'BEGIN{ FS="|" }{ match($10, / money=[0-9]+*/, a);  match($10, / vip=[0-9]+*/, b);  print $4,a[0],b[0] }'

 

match(s, r [, a])
 Returns  the  position  in  s  where the regular expression r occurs, or 0 if r is not present, and sets the values of RSTART and RLENGTH.  Note that the argument order is the same as for the ~ operator: str ~ re.  If  array  a  is  provided,  a  is  cleared  and  then  elements 1 through n are filled with the portions of s that match the corresponding parenthesized subexpression in r.  The 0'th element of a contains the portion of  s  matched  by  the  entire  regular expression  r.   Subscripts  a[n,  "start"],  and  a[n,  "length"] provide the starting index in the string and length    respectively, of each matching substring.
 
两种用法：
 1. 普通用法
 match(字符串,正则表达式)
 内置变量RSTART表示匹配开始的位置，RLENGTH表示匹配的长度
 如果匹配到了，返回匹配到的开始位置，否则返回0
 $ awk 'BEGIN{start=match("Abc Ef Kig",/ [A-Z][a-z]+ /);print RSTART,RLENGTH}'
 4 4
 
 2. 建立数组（If  array  a  is  provided,  a  is  cleared  and  then  elements 1 through n are filled with the portions of s that match the corresponding
 parenthesized subexpression in r.  The 0'th element of a contains the portion of  s  matched  by  the  entire  regular
 expression  r.   Subscripts  a[n,  "start"],  and  a[n,  "length"] provide the starting index in the string and length
    respectively, of each matching substring.）
 
 echo "foooobazbarrrrr | gawk '{ match($0, /(fo+).+(bar*)/, arr)  #匹配到的部分自动赋值到arr中，下标从1开始
          print arr[1], arr[2]
          print arr[1, "start"], arr[1, "length"]  #二维数组arr[index,＂start＂]值=RSTART
          print arr[2, "start"], arr[2, "length"]  #二维数组arr[index,＂length＂]值=RLENGTH
    }'
 
 foooo barrrrr
 1 5
 9 7