1294.不同国家的天气类型（leetcode）刷题笔记

首先是题目架构：

Create table If Not Exists Countries (country_id int, country_name varchar(20))
Create table If Not Exists Weather (country_id int, weather_state int, day date)
Truncate table Countries
insert into Countries (country_id, country_name) values ('2', 'USA')
insert into Countries (country_id, country_name) values ('3', 'Australia')
insert into Countries (country_id, country_name) values ('7', 'Peru')
insert into Countries (country_id, country_name) values ('5', 'China')
insert into Countries (country_id, country_name) values ('8', 'Morocco')
insert into Countries (country_id, country_name) values ('9', 'Spain')
Truncate table Weather
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('2', '15', '2019-11-01')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('2', '12', '2019-10-28')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('2', '12', '2019-10-27')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('3', '-2', '2019-11-10')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('3', '0', '2019-11-11')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('3', '3', '2019-11-12')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('5', '16', '2019-11-07')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('5', '18', '2019-11-09')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('5', '21', '2019-11-23')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('7', '25', '2019-11-28')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('7', '22', '2019-12-01')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('7', '20', '2019-12-02')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('8', '25', '2019-11-05')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('8', '27', '2019-11-15')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('8', '31', '2019-11-25')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('9', '7', '2019-10-23')
insert into Weather (country_id, weather_state, day) values ('9', '3', '2019-12-23')

需求：

写一段 SQL 来找到表中每个国家在 2019 年 11 月的天气类型。

天气类型的定义如下：当 weather_state 的平均值小于或等于15返回 Cold，当 weather_state 的平均值大于或等于 25 返回 Hot，否则返回 Warm。

你可以以任意顺序返回你的查询结果。

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/weather-type-in-each-country
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

题目描述：

Countries table:
+------------+--------------+
| country_id | country_name |
+------------+--------------+
| 2          | USA          |
| 3          | Australia    |
| 7          | Peru         |
| 5          | China        |
| 8          | Morocco      |
| 9          | Spain        |
+------------+--------------+
Weather table:
+------------+---------------+------------+
| country_id | weather_state | day        |
+------------+---------------+------------+
| 2          | 15            | 2019-11-01 |
| 2          | 12            | 2019-10-28 |
| 2          | 12            | 2019-10-27 |
| 3          | -2            | 2019-11-10 |
| 3          | 0             | 2019-11-11 |
| 3          | 3             | 2019-11-12 |
| 5          | 16            | 2019-11-07 |
| 5          | 18            | 2019-11-09 |
| 5          | 21            | 2019-11-23 |
| 7          | 25            | 2019-11-28 |
| 7          | 22            | 2019-12-01 |
| 7          | 20            | 2019-12-02 |
| 8          | 25            | 2019-11-05 |
| 8          | 27            | 2019-11-15 |
| 8          | 31            | 2019-11-25 |
| 9          | 7             | 2019-10-23 |
| 9          | 3             | 2019-12-23 |
+------------+---------------+------------+
Result table:
+--------------+--------------+
| country_name | weather_type |
+--------------+--------------+
| USA          | Cold         |
| Austraila    | Cold         |
| Peru         | Hot          |
| China        | Warm         |
| Morocco      | Hot          |
+--------------+--------------+
USA 11 月的平均 weather_state 为 (15) / 1 = 15 所以天气类型为 Cold。
Australia 11 月的平均 weather_state 为 (-2 + 0 + 3) / 3 = 0.333 所以天气类型为 Cold。
Peru 11 月的平均 weather_state 为 (25) / 1 = 25 所以天气类型为 Hot。
China 11 月的平均 weather_state 为 (16 + 18 + 21) / 3 = 18.333 所以天气类型为 Warm。
Morocco 11 月的平均 weather_state 为 (25 + 27 + 31) / 3 = 27.667 所以天气类型为 Hot。
我们并不知道 Spain 在 11 月的 weather_state 情况所以无需将他包含在结果中。

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/weather-type-in-each-country
著作权归领扣网络所有。商业转载请联系官方授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

解答：

select c.country_name,
case
when weather2.avg_weather<=15 then 'Cold'
when weather2.avg_weather>=25 then 'Hot'
else 'Warm'
end as 'weather_type'
from 
    (select w.country_id,avg(weather_state) as avg_weather from weather w
    where month(w.day)='11'
    group by w.country_id) as weather2 
    left join countries c 
    on weather2.country_id=c.country_id