String类的实现

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-13 19:36:07 发布

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分类专栏： C/C++ String 类的实现文章标签： string delete search insert 数据结构 null

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/everne/article/details/7043481

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学习数据结构写了一个String的类，贴出来求指教

#ifndef SimpleString_h_h
#define SimpleString_h_h

#include <IOSTREAM.H>
#include <STDLIB.H>
#include <STRING.H>

#define defaultSize 128
class SimpleString{
private:
	char *ch;
	int curLength;                    //实际长度
	int maxSize;
public:
	SimpleString();
	SimpleString(int ms)  {ch=new char[ms]; curLength=0; maxSize=ms;}
	//maxSize为传入参数的String
	SimpleString(const char * init);
	SimpleString(const SimpleString & A);		//拷贝构造函数
	~SimpleString()       {delete[] ch;}


	int getLength()  {return curLength;}
	bool isEmpty()   {return curLength==0;}		//空则返回1
	void empty()  {delete [] ch; curLength=0; maxSize=0;}
	int Search(SimpleString& A) const;
	int Search(const char* p) const;
	void makeUpper();
	void makeLower();
	void makeReverse();
	void TrimAll();
	void TrimLeft();
	void TrimRight();
	void Insert(int nIndex,char c);
	void Delete(int n);
	void DeleteFromTo(int m,int n);
	SimpleString& operator = (char * p);
	SimpleString& operator = (SimpleString& A);
	SimpleString operator + (const SimpleString& s) const;
	SimpleString operator + (const char * p) const;
	SimpleString& operator += (const SimpleString& ob);
	SimpleString& operator += (const char * p);
//	friend void operator<(const SimpleString& A,const SimpleString& B);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,SimpleString& ou);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& in,SimpleString& i);
	operator const char*()	{return (const char*)ch;}
	char& operator[](int i);					//取第i个字符

	int operator == (SimpleString& A) const {return strcmp(ch,A.ch)==0;}
	//判断串是否相等，不相等返回1，相等返回0；
	friend bool operator<(const SimpleString& A,const SimpleString& B);
	friend bool operator>(const SimpleString& A,const SimpleString& B);
};

SimpleString::SimpleString(){
	ch=new char[1];
	ch[0]='\0';
	curLength=0;
	maxSize=1;
}

SimpleString::SimpleString(const char * init){
	int len=strlen(init);
	ch=new char[len+1];
	strcpy(ch,init);
	curLength=len;
	maxSize=len+1;
}

SimpleString::SimpleString(const SimpleString & A){
	ch=new char[A.maxSize];
	int i=0;
	while(A.ch[i]!='\0'){
		ch[i]=A.ch[i];
		i++;
	}
	ch[i]='\0';
	curLength=i;
	maxSize=A.maxSize;
}

int SimpleString::Search(SimpleString& A) const{
	int m=curLength,n=A.curLength;
	int i=0;
	for(i;i<=m-n;i++){
		for(int j=0;ch[i+j]==A.ch[j]&&A.ch[j];j++);
		if(j<n) continue;
		return i;
	}
	return -1;
}

int SimpleString::Search(const char* p) const{
	int m=curLength,n=strlen(p);
	int i=0;
	for(i;i<m-n;i++){
		for(int j=0;ch[i+j]==p[j]&&p[j];j++);
		if(j<n) continue;
		return i;
	}
	return -1;
}

void SimpleString::makeUpper(){
	if (isEmpty())  return;
	for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
		if (ch[i]<='z'&&ch[i]>='a')
		{
			ch[i]+=('A'-'a');   //-32
		}
	}
}
void SimpleString::makeLower(){
	if(isEmpty())	return;
	for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
		if (ch[i]>='A'&&ch[i]<='Z')
		{
			ch[i]+=32;
		}
	}
}

void SimpleString::makeReverse(){
	if(isEmpty()) return;
	char *temp=new char[curLength];
	for(int k=0;ch[k]!='\0';temp[k]=ch[k],k++);
	for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
		ch[i]=temp[curLength-1-i];
	}
	delete[]temp;
}

void SimpleString::TrimAll(){
	if(isEmpty())	return;
	int m=0;
	char *temp=new char[curLength];
	for(int k=0;ch[k]!='\0';temp[k]=ch[k],k++);
	for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
		if(temp[i]!=' ')
			ch[m++]=temp[i];
	}
	ch[m]='\0';
	curLength=m;
	delete[]temp;
}

void SimpleString::TrimLeft(){
	if(isEmpty())  return;
	int i=0,m=0;
	char *temp=new char[curLength+1];
	for(int k=0;ch[k]!='\0';temp[k]=ch[k],k++);
	temp[k]='\0';
	while(1){
		if(temp[i]!=' '){
			while(temp[i]!='\0'){
			ch[m++]=temp[i++];
			}
			break;
		}
		i++;
	}
	curLength=m;
	delete[]temp;
}
void SimpleString::TrimRight(){
	if(isEmpty())  return;
	int i=0;
	char *temp=new char[curLength+1];
	strcpy(temp,ch);
	while(temp[i]!='\0'){
		ch[i]=temp[i];
		if(temp[i+1]==' ') break;
		++i;
	}
	ch[i+1]='\0';
	curLength=i+1;
//	delete[]temp;
}

void SimpleString::Insert(int nIndex,char c){
	if(curLength==0) {
		//空串 且maxSize=1 curLength=0
		delete[]ch;
		ch=new char[2];
		ch[0]=c;
		ch[1]='\0';
		curLength=1;
		maxSize=2;
		return;
	}
	if(nIndex>=curLength&&curLength==maxSize-1){
		//插入位置大于curLength 且没有空间插入
		char* temp=ch;
		delete[]ch;
		ch=new char[curLength+1];
		strcpy(ch,temp);
		ch[curLength+1]=c;
		curLength++;
		maxSize=curLength+1;
		return;
	}
	if(nIndex>=curLength&&curLength<maxSize-1){
		//插入位置大于curLength 但是maxSize比较大
		ch[curLength]=c;
		ch[curLength+1]='\0';
		return;
	}
	if (nIndex<curLength&&nIndex>0&&curLength==maxSize-1)
	{
		//插入位置在字符串中，但是没有空间
		char* temp=new char[curLength+1];
		strcpy(temp,ch);
		delete[]ch;
		ch=new char[maxSize+1];
		int m=0;
		for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
			if(i==nIndex)	ch[m++]=c;
			ch[m++]=temp[i];
		}
		ch[m]='\0';
		curLength=m;
		maxSize++;
		delete[]temp;
		return;
	}
	if (nIndex<curLength&&nIndex>0) {
		//插入位置在中间，但是有空间
		char* temp=new char[curLength+1];
		strcpy(temp,ch);
		int m=0;
		for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
			if(i==nIndex)	ch[m++]=c;
			ch[m++]=temp[i];
		}
		ch[m]='\0';
		curLength=m;
		delete[]temp;
		return;
	}
}

void SimpleString::Delete(int n){
	char* temp=new char[curLength+1];
	strcpy(temp,ch);
	int m=0;
	for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
		if(i==n) continue;
		ch[m++]=temp[i];
	}
	ch[m]='\0';
	curLength=m;
	delete[]temp;
	return;
}

void SimpleString::DeleteFromTo(int m,int n){
	char* temp=new char[curLength+1];
	strcpy(temp,ch);
	int mm=0;
	for(int i=0;i<curLength;i++){
		if(i>=m&&i<=n)	continue;
		ch[mm++]=temp[i];
	}
	ch[mm]='\0';
	curLength=mm;
	delete[]temp;
	return;
}

SimpleString& SimpleString::operator = (char * p){
	int len=strlen(p);
	delete[] ch;
	ch=new char[len+1];
	strcpy(ch,p);
	curLength=len;
	maxSize=len+1;
	return *this;
}



SimpleString& SimpleString::operator = (SimpleString& A){
	if (maxSize < A.curLength+1)
	{
		delete[] ch;
		ch=new char[A.curLength+1 ];
		strcpy(ch,A.ch);
		curLength=A.curLength;
		maxSize=A.maxSize;
	}else{
		strcpy(ch,A.ch);
		curLength=A.curLength;
	}
	return *this;
}

SimpleString SimpleString::operator + (const SimpleString& s) const{
	char *p=new char[curLength+s.curLength+1];
	strcpy(p,ch);
	strcat(p,s.ch);
	SimpleString C(p);
	delete[] p;
	return C;
}

SimpleString SimpleString::operator + (const char * p) const{
	int len=strlen(p);
	char *q=new char[curLength+len+1];
	strcpy(q,ch);
	strcat(q,p);
	SimpleString C(q);
	delete[] q;
	return C;
}

SimpleString& SimpleString::operator += (const SimpleString& ob){
	char * temp = ch;
	int n = curLength+ob.curLength;
	int m = (maxSize>n)?maxSize:n;
	ch=new char[m+1];
	if(ch==NULL) {cerr<<"wrong ch!\n";exit(1);}
	maxSize=m+1;
	curLength=n;
	strcpy(ch,temp);
	strcat(ch,ob.ch);
	delete[] temp;
	return *this;
}

SimpleString& SimpleString::operator += (const char * p){
	char * temp=ch;
	int len=strlen(p);
	int n=curLength+len;
	int m=(maxSize>n)?maxSize:n;
	ch=new char[m+1];
	if(ch==NULL)  {cerr<<"wrong ch!\n";exit(1);}
	maxSize=m+1;
	curLength=n;
	strcpy(ch,temp);
	strcat(ch,p);
	delete[] temp;
	return *this;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,SimpleString& ou){
	int i=0;
	while(ou.ch[i]!='\0'){
		out<<ou.ch[i]<<" ";
		//if(i%5==0) out<<endl;
		i++;
	}
	out<<endl;
	return out;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in,SimpleString& i){
	char a;
	int k=0;
	i.ch=new char[defaultSize];
	cout<<"input string end with #"<<endl;
	while(1){
		in>>a;
		if(a=='#')   break;
		if(k==(defaultSize-1)) { cout<<"need more space!"<<endl;break;}
		i.ch[k++]=a;
	}
	i.ch[k]='\0';
	i.curLength=k-1;
	i.maxSize=defaultSize;
	return in;
}


char& SimpleString::operator[](int i){
	//下标从零开始
	if (i<0||i>curLength)
	{
		cout<<"下标越界！"<<endl;exit(1);
	}
	return ch[i];
}

bool operator<(const SimpleString& A,const SimpleString& B){
	int i=0;
	while(A.ch[i++]!='\0'){
		if (A.ch[i]>=B.ch[i])
		{
			return false;
		}
	}
	return true;
}

bool operator>(const SimpleString& A,const SimpleString& B){
	int i=0;
	while(A.ch[i++]!='\0'){
		if (A.ch[i]<=B.ch[i])
		{
			return false;
		}
	}
	return true;
}
#endif

主函数的实现

// SimpleString.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <IOSTREAM.H>
#include <STRING.H>	
#include "SimpleString.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	SimpleString A;					//空构造函数
// 	A.Insert(1,'a');
// 	A.Delete(2);
// 	A.DeleteFromTo(1,3);			
	SimpleString B("bbbb");			//接收一个字符串指针（char *）的构造函数
	SimpleString C(B);				//拷贝构造函数
	SimpleString D;
	A="abcd";						//= 重载
	D=A;

	B=B+D;							//+ 重载
	B=B+"EbbB";

	B+=C;							//+= 重载
	B+="dddd";
	
	A<B;
	A>A;
	
	SimpleString E;
	cin>>E;							//流插入
	cout<<E;						//流提取

	SimpleString F("ABCDEF");
	const char*p=(const char*)F;	//强制类型转换运算符
	cout<<F[2]<<endl;				//下标运算符
	int pos=B.Search(E);			//字符串模式匹配
	cout<<pos<<endl;

	B.makeUpper();					
	B.makeLower();
	B.makeReverse();

	SimpleString str("  abcde  ");
	str.TrimLeft();
	str.TrimRight();
	str.makeUpper();
	str.makeReverse();
	cout<<str.Search("CB")<<endl;
	str.Insert(8,'b');

	return 0;
}