单体架构:
起初的web服务都是单体架构,不管多少个模块都在一个项目里面,随着项目模块越来越多,客户量的不断增长,导致系统的负重越来越大,模块达不到高可用,扩展性差,无法满足并发的要求等问题亟待解决。所以引出微服务架构。
微服务架构:
微服务架构就是把单体架构的应用的不同功能拆分成一系列小的web服务,这些小的web服务可以拥有自己私有的数据持久化业务数据,服务之间可独立部署,通过各自暴露的api接口相互通讯,最终构成一个完整的web应用,实现了高内聚、低耦合的功能。
微服务架构特性和优点:
- 单一原则,每个模块可以独立部署,每个服务可独立运行在自己的进程里。
- 一系列单独的微服务共同构建了整个系统,微服务可以再进行水平扩展。
- 每个服务为独立的业务开发,一个微服务只关注其特定的某个功能、松耦合。
- 高可用,因为是微服务,其中某些共同的服务就可以复用,比如用户服务、日志服务等开发一套,其他项目需要用只需做少量的调整就可以,避免重复造轮子
- 技术栈多元化,可以使用不同的语言(C++,python等)和不同的数据存储技术(mysql、orcale等)进行开发。
- 微服务之间可以通过一些轻量级的通信机制进行通讯,例如通过REST API调用。
微服务的缺点:
- 运维成本高。
- 分布式服务的复杂性、例如分布式事物等。
- 接口调整成本较高,因为服务之间都是通过http进行调用,接口做了改动,调用此接口的微服务可能会受到影响。
项目中暂时用的是Dubbo,对dubbo研究的不是很深入,本次就微服务框架Dubbo、SpringCloud进行简单的总结:
Dubbo:
Dubbo是阿里巴巴SOA(面向服务架构)服务化治理方案的开源框架。它是基于RPC远程服务调用方案,是基于zookeeper实现服务注册与发现。
Springboot+dubbo+zookeeper:
它的使用方法很简单,引入相关jar包,加上几个注解和少量的配置即可。它的项目代码结构分为以下几个
1.common-api: 提供统一的interface接口,最终会打为jar包,供consumer和provider引用项目的公共基础包,一般包含entity、service接口和工具类。
2.user-provider:用户服务,项目的用户登录等基础的用户接口具体实现类,其中包含
dao、service实现类。
3.common-c:项目的api接口统一入口,web页面只调用此模块进行后台服务访问。
项目搭建详见博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_21144985/article/details/79413163
SpringCloud:
SpringCloud是基于springboot之上的用来快速构建微服务系统的工具集、拥有诸多完整的微服务组件,像Eureka服务注册中心、Feign声明式rest调用客户端负载均衡Ribbon、Hystrix服务容错、Zuul服务网关、Spring Cloud Config配置中心、Sleuth服务跟踪等组件。利用这些组件可以快速搭建一套微服务系统,利于人们开发。
分布式事物:
因为使用了微服务框架,服务拥有自己独立的数据库,当A服务的方法a调用B服务的方法b,A和B都操作了自己的数据库, 此时如果先执行了b,然后执行a的时候发生异常,此时b方法中的执行成功事物已提交,只会回滚a方法中的数据,这样就破坏了事物的原子性。为了保持事物的ACID原则,保证数据的一致性,就需要用到分布式事物。
LCN:
lcn实际上是把多个分布式事物统一管理起来形成一个事务组,最终对这个事务组进行维护来判断事物是否都提交成功。通过@TxTransaction注解即可实现分布式事物,对代码侵入低。
LCN框架原理介绍:https://blog.csdn.net/gududedabai/article/details/83012487
TCC:
TCC 将事务提交分为 Try - Confirm - Cancel 3个操作。Try:预留业务资源/数据效验、Confirm:确认执行业务操作、Cancel:取消执行业务操作。是基于两段式提交的,对代码侵入强,编码成本高。详细介绍:https://www.liangzl.com/get-article-detail-525.html
以下介绍IDEA如何搭建Springboot + springcloud微服务项目:
- 创建Maven多模块项目
1.File →new →project 选择Spring Initializr 点击Next到以下页面
然后Next 一直到最后点击Finish完成父项目模块
2.创建eureka-server模块 项目右键> New > Module 选择spring initalizr
Group:一般是域名的反写,我这里是com.iking
Artifact:模块名称 随便写,最好是便于理解的名称 此处是eureka-server
然后点击下一步,最后Finish:
3.创建common-module模块,项目的公共依赖模块,一般包含entity、util工具类等,最终以jar包的形式引入到其他服务模块。创建方法同上只需把Artifact填写成common-module即可
4.创建业务模块user-service、order-service
5.创建微服务网关api-gateway
最终的项目结构如下
删除每个子模块中没用的文件,.mvn、.gitignore、daoiml、mvnw、mvnw.cmd文件
此时微服务项目的结构已经创建完毕,现在开始编码
1.首先更改父级pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>spring-cloud</name>
<!--声明有多少个子模块-->
<modules>
<module>eureka-server</module>
<module>api-gateway</module>
<module>order-service</module>
<module>user-service</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--spring boot 应用关闭的前提配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--eureka服务依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- json-lib -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.44</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 集成 Swagger -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
2.common-module pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>common-module</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>common-module</name>
<parent>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</parent>
</project>
代码结构:
3.api-gateway pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>api-gateway</name>
<!--***声明父级依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<!--***项目公共模块依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>common-module</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--zipkin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.properties文件
server.port=8013
spring.application.name=api-getway:
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
eureka.instance.ip-address=true
#网关超时时间配置
zuul.host.socket-timeout-millis=600000
zuul.host.connect-timeout-millis=10000
hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=600000
#ribbon.ConnectTimeout=3000
#ribbon.ReadTimeout=60000
spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411
spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1.0
ApiGatewayApplication启动类
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import springfox.documentation.swagger.web.SwaggerResource;
import springfox.documentation.swagger.web.SwaggerResourcesProvider;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApiGatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
}
@Component
@Primary
class DocumentationConfig implements SwaggerResourcesProvider {
@Override
public List<SwaggerResource> get() {
List resources = new ArrayList();
resources.add(swaggerResource("用户服务Api","/user-service/v2/api-docs","2.0"));
resources.add(swaggerResource("订单服务Api","/order-service/v2/api-docs","2.0"));
return resources;
}
private SwaggerResource swaggerResource(String name, String location, String version) {
SwaggerResource swaggerResource = new SwaggerResource();
swaggerResource.setName(name);
swaggerResource.setLocation(location);
swaggerResource.setSwaggerVersion(version);
return swaggerResource;
}
}
}
代码结构:
4.eureka-server pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>eureka-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<!--声明父级依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
EurekaServerApplication启动类:
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
application.properties文件:
server.port=8761
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:${server.port}/eureka/
spring.application.name=eureka-server
eureka.server.enable-self-preservation=false
5.user-service pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>user-service</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>user-service</name>
<!--声明父级依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<lcn.last.version>4.1.0</lcn.last.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>common-module</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.26</version>
</dependency>
<!--lcn分布式事物-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.codingapi</groupId>
<artifactId>transaction-springcloud</artifactId>
<version>${lcn.last.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.codingapi</groupId>
<artifactId>tx-plugins-db</artifactId>
<version>${lcn.last.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.iking.userservice.UserServiceApplication</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties文件
server.port=8011
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
spring.application.name=user-service
server.session-timeout=30
server.context-path=
server.tomcat.max-threads=100
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
# DATASOURCE
spring.datasource.platform=mysql
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sc_project1?characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.max-active=100
spring.datasource.max-idle=2
spring.datasource.min-idle=1
spring.datasource.initial-size=15
spring.jmx.enabled = false
#security auth
security.basic.enabled=false
security.user.name=user
security.user.password=user
security.sessions=stateless
#mybatis
mybatis.mapperLocations=classpath*:com/iking/userservice/mapping/*.xml
mybatis.typeAliasesPackage=com.iking.userservice.*
#multipart file
spring.http.multipart.maxFileSize=1000Mb
spring.http.multipart.maxRequestSize=1000Mb
#Ribbon的负载均衡策略
#ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule
#ribbon.MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=0
#txmanager地址
tm.manager.url=http://127.0.0.1:8899/tx/manager/
logging.level.com.codingapi=debug
spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411
spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1.0
#//开启健康检查(需要spring-boot-starter-actuator依赖)
eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled = true
#租期更新时间间隔(默认30秒)
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds =10
#租期到期时间(默认90秒)
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds =30
UserServiceApplication启动类:
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableHystrixDashboard
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.iking"})
@EnableHystrix
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class UserServiceApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UserServiceApplication.class, args);
}
@LoadBalanced
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
//lcn分布式事物需要的代码块
@Autowired
private Environment env;
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("spring.datasource.url"));
dataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("spring.datasource.username"));//用户名
dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("spring.datasource.password"));//密码
dataSource.setInitialSize(2);
dataSource.setMaxActive(20);
dataSource.setMinIdle(0);
dataSource.setMaxWait(60000);
dataSource.setValidationQuery("SELECT 1");
dataSource.setTestOnBorrow(false);
dataSource.setTestWhileIdle(true);
dataSource.setPoolPreparedStatements(false);
return dataSource;
}
}
代码结构
6.order-service pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>order-service</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<name>order-service</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<maven.compile.source>1.8</maven.compile.source>
<maven.compile.target>1.8</maven.compile.target>
<lcn.last.version>4.1.0</lcn.last.version>
</properties>
<!--声明父级依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.iking</groupId>
<artifactId>common-module</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.26</version>
</dependency>
<!--lcn分布式事物-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.codingapi</groupId>
<artifactId>transaction-springcloud</artifactId>
<version>${lcn.last.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.codingapi</groupId>
<artifactId>tx-plugins-db</artifactId>
<version>${lcn.last.version}</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>*</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<resources>
<!-- maven项目中src源代码下的xml等资源文件编译进classes文件夹,
注意:如果没有这个,它会自动搜索resources下是否有mapper.xml文件,
如果没有就会报org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Invalid bound statement (not found): com.pet.mapper.PetMapper.selectByPrimaryKey-->
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>false</filtering>
<includes>
<include>**/*</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${maven.compile.source}</source>
<target>${maven.compile.target}</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.iking.order.OrderService_Application</mainClass>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties文件
#server.port=${random.int[1000,9999]}
server.port=8015
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
spring.application.name=order-service
server.session-timeout=30
server.context-path=
server.tomcat.max-threads=100
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
# DATASOURCE
spring.datasource.platform=mysql
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sc_project?characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.max-active=100
spring.datasource.max-idle=2
spring.datasource.min-idle=1
spring.datasource.initial-size=15
spring.jmx.enabled = false
#security 安全认证
security.basic.enabled=false
security.user.name=order
security.user.password=order
security.sessions=stateless
#mybatis
mybatis.mapperLocations=classpath*:com/iking/orderservice/mapping/*.xml
mybatis.typeAliasesPackage=com.iking.orderservice.*
#multipart file
spring.http.multipart.maxFileSize=1000Mb
spring.http.multipart.maxRequestSize=1000Mb
#Ribbon的负载均衡策略
#ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule
#ribbon.MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=0
#txmanager地址
tm.manager.url=http://127.0.0.1:8899/tx/manager/
logging.level.com.codingapi=debug
#sleuth微服务跟踪
spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411
spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1.0
Orderservice_Application启动类:
package com.iking.order;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.iking"})
@EnableHystrixDashboard
@EnableHystrix
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class OrderService_Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderService_Application.class, args);
}
//lcn分布式事物所需代码块
@Autowired
private Environment env;
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("spring.datasource.url"));
dataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("spring.datasource.username"));//用户名
dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("spring.datasource.password"));//密码
dataSource.setInitialSize(10);
dataSource.setMaxActive(50);
dataSource.setMinIdle(0);
dataSource.setMaxWait(60000);
dataSource.setValidationQuery("SELECT 1");
dataSource.setTestOnBorrow(false);
dataSource.setTestWhileIdle(true);
dataSource.setPoolPreparedStatements(false);
return dataSource;
}
}
代码结构:
如果项目需要服务跟踪模块 则需要单独搭建ZipkinServer服务,并且在相应微服务模块的application.properties文件中加入一下配置
#sleuth微服务跟踪
spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411
spring.sleuth.sampler.percentage=1.0
pom文件中加入以下依赖
<!--zipkin-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
搭建ZipkinServer
- 创建一个springboot项目 在pom文件中加入以下依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
<artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
- 修改启动类 使用@EnableZipkinServer注解,声明一个Zipkin Server
@EnableZipkinServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class Sc_zipkin_server_Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Sc_zipkin_server_Application.class, args);
}
}
- 修改配置文件application.properties文件
server.port=9411
启动boot类 然后访问http://localhost:9411/ 即可看到以下页面
当微服务中配置了ZipkinServer时 访问微服务中的api接口 就会在上述页面中看到服务监控信息
总结:
api-gateway:此服务是zuul微服务网关,他的核心就是一系列的过滤器,可以用此服务完成身份认真与安全、动态路由、负载分配等功能。
common-module: 公共模块包,已jar包的方式加入其它微服务。
eureka-server:服务注册中心,因为LCN使用的就是eureka 所以此模块可以不要,直接使用LCN分布式事物的eureka服务。
order-service、user-service 一系列的业务微服务。
上述项目中通过zuul整合了swagger,所以项目启动成功后 可以访问http://localhost:8013/swagger-ui.html#/ 通过切换微服务,就可以访问不同的api接口
至此springboot整合cloud完毕,项目中因为需要用到分布式事物,所以整合了LCN分布式事物框架。
springboot版本1.5.2
springcloud版本Dalston.RC1
LCN:tx-manager-4.1.0
以上就是笔者对微服务项目的简单介绍,如有错误的地方,欢迎大家指出。项目源码已上传到github。
项目源码地址:
https://github.com/tanjiawei1199/spring-cloud