需求:
做一个对象排序的功能,需要按不同规则排序
Compareable接口和Comparator接口都是用来实现集合排序的,只是Comparable是在集合内部定义的方法实现的排序,而Comparator是在集合外部实现的排序 ,所以,如想实现排序,就需在集合外定义Comparator接口的方法或在集合内实现Compareable接口的方法。
Comparable 是一个对象本身就已经支持自比较所需要实现的接口(如 String、Integer 自己就可以完成比较大小操作);
Comparator 是一个专用的比较器,当这个对象不支持自比较或者自比较函数不能满足你的要求时,你可以写一个比较器来完成两个对象之间大小的比较。
可以说一个是类自已完成比较,一个是外部程序实现比较的差别而已。
Compareable接口
要对对象进行比较大小则需要实现Compareable接口
Compareable接口只有一个方法int compareTo(Object obj) 实现了此接口的 对象列表(或数组) 可以通过Collections.sort(Arrays.sort)来排序
- class Paper implements Comparable<Paper>
- {
- String pcolor;
- public Paper(String pcolor)
- {
- this.pcolor=pcolor;
- }
- public int compareTo(Object o)//public int compareTo(Paper o)
- {
- if (o instanceof TestComparable) {
- Paper p=(Paper)o; //未使用泛型不转换的话不能访问pcolor
- int cmp=this.pcolor.compareTo(p.pcolor);
- return cmp;
- }
- }
- //重载toString方法定义输出
- public String toString()
- {
- return this.pcolor;
- }
- }
- public class TestComparable
- {
- public static void main(String []args)
- {
- Paper p1=new Paper("red");
- Paper p2=new Paper("blue");
- Paper p3=new Paper("green");
- List l=new LinkedList();
- l.add(p1);
- l.add(p2);
- l.add(p3);
- Collections.sort(l);
- System.out.println(l);
- }
- }
class Paper implements Comparable<Paper>
{
String pcolor;
public Paper(String pcolor)
{
this.pcolor=pcolor;
}
public int compareTo(Object o)//public int compareTo(Paper o)
{
if (o instanceof TestComparable) {
Paper p=(Paper)o; //未使用泛型不转换的话不能访问pcolor
int cmp=this.pcolor.compareTo(p.pcolor);
return cmp;
}
}
//重载toString方法定义输出
public String toString()
{
return this.pcolor;
}
}
public class TestComparable
{
public static void main(String []args)
{
Paper p1=new Paper("red");
Paper p2=new Paper("blue");
Paper p3=new Paper("green");
List l=new LinkedList();
l.add(p1);
l.add(p2);
l.add(p3);
Collections.sort(l);
System.out.println(l);
}
}
Comparator接口:
在Comparator接口里,只有一个方法是需要实现的:
- int compare(Object o1,Object o2);
int compare(Object o1,Object o2);
提示: 如果o1小于o2,返回一个负数;如果o1大于o2,返回一个正数;如果他们相等,则返回0;
注意: compare 方法一定要是对称的,意思是compare(a,b) 返回的结果要跟compare(b,a) 相反。相反的结果意味着,要么返回的值带有不同的正负号,要么都是0。注意,象compare(a,b) 返回4而compare(b,a) 返回-2这样的情况是合法的。方法里常常可能抛出异常,在这个方法里抛出异常也要是对称的。如果调用compare(a,b) 时抛出了一个ClassCastException 异常,那么调用compare(b,a) 时也必须抛出一个ClassCastException 异常。
另外: 任何你准备重用的Comparator 都必须是可序列化的。TreeSet 和TreeMap 类存储Comparator 以便进行比较,因此为了这两个类能被序列化,它们使用的Comparator 也必须能被序列化。
Comparator 接口,通常被Collections.sort 方法使用,它是JAVA中需要了解的一个很重要的部分
- public class Person {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- public Person() {
- }
- public Person(String name, int age) {
- this.name = name;
- this.age = age;
- }
- get.set...
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "Person [age=" + age + ", name=" + name + "]";
- }
- }
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
get.set...
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [age=" + age + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
}
新建一个实现Comparator的实现类PersonComparator:
- import java.util.Comparator;
- public class PersonComparator implements Comparator<Person> {
- @Override
- public int compare(Person p1, Person p2) {
- if (p1.getAge() > p2.getAge()) {
- return 1;
- } else if (p1.getAge() < p2.getAge()) {
- return -1;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- }
import java.util.Comparator;
public class PersonComparator implements Comparator<Person> {
@Override
public int compare(Person p1, Person p2) {
if (p1.getAge() > p2.getAge()) {
return 1;
} else if (p1.getAge() < p2.getAge()) {
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
}
CompareTest做测试:
- import java.util.Arrays;
- ublic class CompareTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Person[] persons = {
- new Person("P1", 60),
- new Person("P2", 20),
- new Person("P3", 40)
- };
- System.out.println(Arrays.toString(persons));
- Arrays.sort(persons, new PersonComparator());
- System.out.println(Arrays.toString(persons));
- }
- }
import java.util.Arrays;
public class CompareTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Person[] persons = {
new Person("P1", 60),
new Person("P2", 20),
new Person("P3", 40)
};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(persons));
Arrays.sort(persons, new PersonComparator());
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(persons));
}
}
- public class RunDemoMain {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- List<DataBean> dataBeans = new ArrayList<DataBean>();
- dataBeans.add(new DataBean(23, "b", "w"));
- dataBeans.add(new DataBean(34, "e", "w"));
- dataBeans.add(new DataBean(12, "s", "w"));
- dataBeans.add(new DataBean(10, "c", "w"));
- System.out.println("==========排序前==========");
- for (DataBean bean : dataBeans) {
- System.out.println(bean);
- }
- System.out.println("==========排序后==========");
- Collections.sort(dataBeans, new DemoComparator());
- for (DataBean bean : dataBeans) {
- System.out.println(bean);
- }
- }
- }
public class RunDemoMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<DataBean> dataBeans = new ArrayList<DataBean>();
dataBeans.add(new DataBean(23, "b", "w"));
dataBeans.add(new DataBean(34, "e", "w"));
dataBeans.add(new DataBean(12, "s", "w"));
dataBeans.add(new DataBean(10, "c", "w"));
System.out.println("==========排序前==========");
for (DataBean bean : dataBeans) {
System.out.println(bean);
}
System.out.println("==========排序后==========");
Collections.sort(dataBeans, new DemoComparator());
for (DataBean bean : dataBeans) {
System.out.println(bean);
}
}
}
参考:
http://kentkwan.iteye.com/blog/739505
http://baomw.iteye.com/blog/197905
实际项目应用:
- if(hotelForm.get("ascOrDesc").equals("ASC")){
- Collections.sort(list, new MyComparator.HotelComparator());
- }else{
- Collections.sort(list, new MyComparator.HotelComparator());
- Collections.reverse(list);
- }
if(hotelForm.get("ascOrDesc").equals("ASC")){
Collections.sort(list, new MyComparator.HotelComparator());
}else{
Collections.sort(list, new MyComparator.HotelComparator());
Collections.reverse(list);
}
- public class MyComparator {
- public static class HotelComparator implements Comparator {
- public int compare(Object first, Object second) {
- return ((Hotel)first).getHotelNameEn().compareToIgnoreCase(((Hotel)second).getHotelNameEn());
- }
- }
- }
public class MyComparator {
public static class HotelComparator implements Comparator {
public int compare(Object first, Object second) {
return ((Hotel)first).getHotelNameEn().compareToIgnoreCase(((Hotel)second).getHotelNameEn());
}
}
}
...