#c++#使用链表创建学生信息管理系统

这是我当时c++课上的一个作业，完成的不错就分享一下

下面是老师的要求：

要求实现四个函数，分别用于增删改查。

增 默认添加 可增加添加位置

删 删除单个 可批量删除

改 a餐变c餐 ，第5个变C餐（单个指定修改和批量修改）

查  查询A餐顾客有多少个，第5个顾客是什么餐 完成1个18分 两个25分

理论上所有类似的东西都可以套用

下面是代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;

struct student {
	string name;
	int number;
	int score;
	struct student* next;
};

//打印菜单
void menu() {
	cout << "1.增加节点" << endl
		<< "2.删除节点" << endl
		<< "3.修改节点" << endl
		<< "4.查找节点" << endl
		<< "5.输出所有节点" << endl
		<< "输入0以退出程序" << endl;
}

//增
void addData(student* head, int i) {
	student* p = head->next;
	//找到要插入的节点
	int j = 1;
	while (j < i) {
		p = p->next;
		j++;
	}
	if (i == j) {
		student* q = new student;
		cout << "请输入所添加学生的名字，学号以及分数" << endl;

		cin >> q->name >> q->number >> q->score;
		q->next = p->next;
		p->next = q;
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//删
//删除特定名字的节点
void delData_1(student* head, string* name) {
	student* p = head;
	student* q = head;
	int i = 0;

	//找到并删除节点

	while (q->next != NULL) {
		p = q;
		q = q->next;

		if (q->name == *(name + i)) {
			p->next = q->next;
			delete q;
			q = p;
			i++;
		}
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//删除特定学号的节点
void delData_2(student* head, int* number) {
	student* p = head;
	student* q = head;
	int i = 0;
	//找到并删除节点

	while (q->next != NULL) {
		p = q;
		q = q->next;

		

		if (q->number == *(number + i)) {
			p->next = q->next;
			delete q;
			q = p;
			i++;
		}
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//删除特定分数的（所有）节点
void delData_3(student* head, int i) {
	student* p = head;
	student* q = head;

	//找到并删除节点

	while (q->next != NULL) {
		p = q;
		q = q->next;

		if (q->score == i) {
			p->next = q->next;
			delete q;
			q = p;
		}
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//改
//常规修改，对特定节点进行修改
void changeData_1(student* head, int i) {
	student* p = head->next;
	//找到要修改的节点
	int j = 1;
	while (j < i) {
		p = p->next;
		j++;
	}
	if (i == j) {
		cout << "请输入修改后学生的名字，学号以及分数" << endl;
		cin >> p->name >> p->number >> p->score;
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//对节点中某一属性修改（仅修改分数）（将score_1修改为score_2）
void changeData_2(student* head, int score_1, int score_2) {
	student* f = head;
	student* s = head;

	//找到并修改节点

	while (s->next != NULL) {
		f = s;
		s = s->next;

		if (s->score == score_1) {
			s->score = score_2;

			s = f;
		}
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//查
//查找特定位置数据
void searchData_1(student* head, int i) {
	student* p = head->next;
	int j = 1;
	while (j < i) {
		p = p->next;
		j++;
	}
	if (i == j) {
		cout << "查找的节点数据为" << endl;
		cout << p->name << " " << p->number << " " << p->score << endl;
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	menu();
}

//查找分数相同的数据
void searchData_2(student* head, int score) {
	student* f = head;
	student* s = head;
	int i = 0;

	cout << "符合要求的节点数据为" << endl;
	while (s->next != NULL) {
		f = s;
		s = s->next;

		if (s->score == score) {
			i++;
			cout << s->name << " " << s->number << " " << s->score << endl;
		}

	}
	cout << "符合要求的节点数据共有" << i << "个" << endl;
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	menu();
}


//功能函数
//打印当前链表
void printList(student* head) {
	cout << "姓名" << "\t" << "学号" << "\t" << "成绩" << endl;
	student* p = head->next;
	int n = 0;
	while (p) {
		n++;
		p = p->next;
	}

	p = head->next;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		cout << p->name << "\t" << p->number << "\t" << p->score << endl;
		p = p->next;
	}

}

//获取当前链表的节点数
int getLength(student* head) {
	student* t = head->next;
	int i = 0;
	while (t != NULL) {
		t = t->next;
		i++;
	}
	return i;
}


int main() {
	//定义节点
	student* head = new student;
	student* pre = head;

	int  n, i;
	string temp;

	//初始化链表
	cout << "首次创建需要初始化链表" << endl;
	cout << "该链表的初始节点数为：";
	cin >> temp;

	//输入非数字时
	while (temp < "0" || temp> "9") {
		cout << "错误的输入，请输入数字" << endl;
		temp = '\0';
		cin >> temp;
	}
	n = atoi(temp.c_str());

	cout << "请输入链表的初始数据（名字，学号以及分数）" << endl;
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		student* p = new student;
		cout << "第" << i + 1 << "项数据为：" << endl;
		cin >> p->name >> p->number >> p->score;
		//建立关系
		pre->next = p;
		pre = p;
		p->next = NULL;
	}
	system("cls");
	menu();


	int m, j, x, score, a, b;


	while (1) {
		//获取当前链表的长度
		int length = getLength(head);

		string* name = new string[length];
		int* number = new int[length];

		cout << "输入序号以对链表进行操作：" << endl;
		cin >> m;
		switch (m) {
		case 0:
			return 0;

		case 1:
			cout << "输入节点序号以在其后添加：" << endl;
			cin >> j;
			if (j > length) {
				cout << "错误的节点序号" << endl;
				break;
			}
			addData(head, j);
			continue;

		case 2:
			system("cls");
			printList(head);
			cout << "输入序号进行特定删除操作" << endl
				<< "1.批量删除节点（姓名）" << endl
				<< "2.批量删除节点（学号）" << endl
				<< "3.删除特定分数的（所有）节点" << endl
				<< "4.返回上一级" << endl;
			cin >> j;
			switch (j) {
			case 1:
				cout << "请输入删除的学生数量" << endl;
				cin >> x;
				cout << "输入要删除的学生名字（空格隔开）" << endl;
				for (int i = 0; i < x; i++) {
					cin >> *(name + i);
				}
				delData_1(head, name);
				break;

			case 2:
				cout << "请输入删除的学生数量" << endl;
				cin >> x;
				cout << "输入要删除的学生学号（空格隔开）" << endl;
				for (int i = 0; i < x; i++) {
					cin >> *(number + i);
				}
				delData_2(head,number);
				break;

			case 3:
				cout << "输入要删除的学生分数" << endl;
				cin >> score;
				delData_3(head, score);
				break;

			case 4:
				system("cls");
				menu();
				break;
			}
			continue;

		case 3:
			cout << "输入序号进行特定修改操作" << endl
				<< "1.修改特定位置的节点" << endl
				<< "2.修改所有同分的节点" << endl
				<< "3.返回上一级" << endl;
			cin >> j;
			switch (j)
			{
			case 1:
				cout << "请输入想要修改的节点序号" << endl;
				cin >> x;
				changeData_1(head, x);
				break;

			case 2:
				cout << "请输入想要修改的分数和修改后的分数" << endl;
				cin >> a >> b;
				changeData_2(head, a, b);
				break;
			case 3:
				system("cls");
				menu();
				break;
			}
			continue;

		case 4:
			cout << "输入序号进行特定修改操作" << endl
				<< "1.查找特定位置数据" << endl
				<< "2.查找分数相同的数据" << endl
				<< "3.返回上一级" << endl;
			cin >> j;
			switch (j) {
			case 1:
				cout << "请输入需要查找的节点序号" << endl;
				cin >> x;
				if (x > n) {
					cout << "错误的节点序号" << endl;
					break;
				}
				searchData_1(head, x);

			case 2:
				cout << "请输入需要查找的分数" << endl;
				cin >> score;
				if (score > 100 || score < 0) {
					cout << "错误的分数" << endl;
					break;
				}
				searchData_2(head, score);
				break;

			case 3:
				system("cls");
				menu();
				break;
			}
			continue;

		case 5:
			system("cls");
			printList(head);
			system("pause");
			system("cls");
			menu();
			continue;




		}
	}
}