wifidog 源码初分析（1）

因为最近公司内部有个关于路由器的项目使用了该开源项目做Demo，安装配置很简单，但是对运行机制不是太了解，所以抽了点时间初步对 wifidog 的源码进行了分析。

（对于 wifidog 是什么开源项目，以及如何安装配置，就不做解释了，直接 Google 吧）。

另外，wifidog 的核心还是依赖于 iptables 防火墙过滤规则来实现的，所以建议对 iptables 有了了解后再去阅读 wifidog 的源码。

在路由器上启动 wifidog 之后，wifidog 在启动时会初始化一堆的防火墙规则，如下：

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/** Initialize the firewall rules */ int  iptables_fw_init( void ) {      … … /*       *       * Everything in the NAT table       *       */      /* Create new chains */      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_OUTGOING);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_ROUTER);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_GLOBAL);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_AUTHSERVERS);      /* Assign links and rules to these new chains */      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A PREROUTING -i %s -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_OUTGOING, config->gw_interface);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_OUTGOING  " -d %s -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_ROUTER, config->gw_address);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_ROUTER  " -j ACCEPT" );      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_OUTGOING  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -m mark --mark 0x%u -j ACCEPT" , FW_MARK_KNOWN);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -m mark --mark 0x%u -j ACCEPT" , FW_MARK_PROBATION);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_AUTHSERVERS);      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_GLOBAL);      // 将 80 端口的访问重定向(REDIRECT)到 (本路由)网关web服务器的监听端口      iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN  " -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports %d" , gw_port);      /*       *       * Everything in the FILTER table       *       */      /* Create new chains */      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_AUTHSERVERS);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_LOCKED);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_GLOBAL);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_VALIDATE);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_KNOWN);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -N "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN);      /* Assign links and rules to these new chains */      /* Insert at the beginning */      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -I FORWARD -i %s -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET, config->gw_interface);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -m state --state INVALID -j DROP" );                                                                                                                                    /* TCPMSS rule for PPPoE */      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -o %s -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN -j TCPMSS --clamp-mss-to-pmtu" , ext_interface);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_AUTHSERVERS);      iptables_fw_set_authservers();      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -m mark --mark 0x%u -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_LOCKED, FW_MARK_LOCKED);      iptables_load_ruleset( "filter" ,  "locked-users" , TABLE_WIFIDOG_LOCKED);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_GLOBAL);      iptables_load_ruleset( "filter" ,  "global" , TABLE_WIFIDOG_GLOBAL);      iptables_load_ruleset( "nat" ,  "global" , TABLE_WIFIDOG_GLOBAL);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -m mark --mark 0x%u -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_VALIDATE, FW_MARK_PROBATION);      iptables_load_ruleset( "filter" ,  "validating-users" , TABLE_WIFIDOG_VALIDATE);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -m mark --mark 0x%u -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_KNOWN, FW_MARK_KNOWN);      iptables_load_ruleset( "filter" ,  "known-users" , TABLE_WIFIDOG_KNOWN);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_WIFI_TO_INTERNET  " -j "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN);      iptables_load_ruleset( "filter" ,  "unknown-users" , TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN);      iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN  " -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable" );      UNLOCK_CONFIG();      return  1; }

 

在该 防火墙规则的初始化过程中，会首先清除掉已有的防火墙规则，重新创建新的过滤链，另外，除了通过iptables_do_command("-t nat -A "TABLE_WIFIDOG_UNKNOWN " -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports %d",gw_port);这个命令将 接入设备的 80 端口（HTTP）的访问重定向至网关自身的 HTTP 的端口之外，还通过iptables_fw_set_authservers(); 函数设置了 鉴权服务器(auth-server) 的防火墙规则：

 

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void  iptables_fw_set_authservers( void ) {      const  s_config *config;      t_auth_serv *auth_server;      config = config_get_config();      for  (auth_server = config->auth_servers; auth_server != NULL; auth_server = auth_server->next) {          if  (auth_server->last_ip &&  strcmp (auth_server->last_ip,  "0.0.0.0" ) != 0) {              iptables_do_command( "-t filter -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_AUTHSERVERS  " -d %s -j ACCEPT" , auth_server->last_ip);              iptables_do_command( "-t nat -A "  TABLE_WIFIDOG_AUTHSERVERS  " -d %s -j ACCEPT" , auth_server->last_ip);          }      } }

 

首先从上面的代码可以看出 wifidog 支持多个 鉴权服务器，并且针对每一个鉴权服务器 设置了如下两条规则：

 

1)在filter表中追加一条[任何访问鉴权服务器都被接受]的WiFiDog_$ID$_AuthServers过滤链：

 

iptables -t filter -A  WiFiDog_$ID$_AuthServers -d auth-server地址 -j ACCEPT

 

2)在nat表中追加一条[任何访问鉴权服务器都被接受]的WiFiDog_$ID$_AuthServers过滤链：

 

iptables -t nat -A WiFiDog_$ID$_AuthServers  -d auth-server地址 -j ACCEPT

 

这样确保可以访问鉴权服务器，而不是拒绝所有的出口访问。