15、观察者模式(Observer)
包括这个模式在内的接下来的四个模式,都是类和类之间的关系,不涉及到继承。
当你订阅了该文章,如果后续有更新,会及时通知你。对象之间是一种一对多的关系。
MySubject类就是被观察者。
public interface Observer {
public void update();
}
public class Observer1 implements Observer {
@Override
public void update() {
System.out.println("observer1 has received!");
}
}
public class Observer2 implements Observer {
@Override
public void update() {
System.out.println("observer2 has received!");
}
}
public interface Subject {
/*增加观察者*/
public void add(Observer observer);
/*删除观察者*/
public void del(Observer observer);
/*通知所有的观察者*/
public void notifyObservers();
/*自身的操作*/
public void operation();
}
public abstract class AbstractSubject implements Subject {
private Vector<Observer> vector = new Vector<Observer>();
@Override
public void add(Observer observer) {
vector.add(observer);
}
@Override
public void del(Observer observer) {
vector.remove(observer);
}
@Override
public void notifyObservers() {
Enumeration<Observer> enumo = vector.elements();
while(enumo.hasMoreElements()){
enumo.nextElement().update();
}
}
}
public class MySubject extends AbstractSubject {
@Override
public void operation() {
System.out.println("update self!");
notifyObservers();
}
}
public class ObserverTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Subject sub = new MySubject();
sub.add(new Observer1());
sub.add(new Observer2());
sub.operation();
}
}
16、迭代器模式(Iterator)
迭代器模式就是顺序访问聚集中的对象
public interface Collection {
public Iterator iterator();
/*取得集合元素*/
public Object get(int i);
/*取得集合大小*/
public int size();
}
public interface Iterator {
//前移
public Object previous();
//后移
public Object next();
public boolean hasNext();
//取得第一个元素
public Object first();
}
public class MyCollection implements Collection {
public String string[] = {"A","B","C","D","E"};
@Override
public Iterator iterator() {
return new MyIterator(this);
}
@Override
public Object get(int i) {
return string[i];
}
@Override
public int size() {
return string.length;
}
}
public class MyIterator implements Iterator {
private Collection collection;
private int pos = -1;
public MyIterator(Collection collection){
this.collection = collection;
}
@Override
public Object previous() {
if(pos > 0){
pos--;
}
return collection.get(pos);
}
@Override
public Object next() {
if(pos<collection.size()-1){
pos++;
}
return collection.get(pos);
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return pos<collection.size()-1;
}
@Override
public Object first() {
pos = 0;
return collection.get(pos);
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Collection collection = new MyCollection();
Iterator it = collection.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
System.out.println(it.next());
}
}
}