关于 Gson 容错的思考

最近项目中遇到了两个 Json 解析的坑，一个是后端没有按照约定返回对应类型的字段，文档说明写了 int ，但是它直接返回了 String 类型；另外一个数据请求成功后， data 是一个 Object 类型，但是如果数据请求失败，后端直接返回了 List

因为这两个坑，后端周末紧急加班去发版本， 不过就勾起了我对 Gson 容错的方案思考

Gson 源码的分析

要解决业务方的需求，客户端这边想法子做一定的 Json 容错，那么就必须去了解一下 Gson 的源码了

先看下 Gson 的日常用法：

Gson gson = new Gson();
//反序列化得到数据bean
DataBean data = gson.fromJson(jsonString,DataBean.class);

Gson 是如何将 Json 反序列化的？答案是通过 TypeAdapter

关于 TypeAdapter ，可以看一下这篇文章：你真的会用Gson吗？ 整个系列看完，Gson的基本用法就都掌握了

Gson 内部实现了大量的 TypeAdapter ，在其构造方法里面，就将全部的 TypeAdapter 存储起来：

 Gson(final Excluder excluder, final FieldNamingStrategy fieldNamingStrategy,
      final Map<Type, InstanceCreator<?>> instanceCreators, boolean serializeNulls,
      boolean complexMapKeySerialization, boolean generateNonExecutableGson, boolean htmlSafe,
      boolean prettyPrinting, boolean lenient, boolean serializeSpecialFloatingPointValues,
      LongSerializationPolicy longSerializationPolicy, String datePattern, int dateStyle,
      int timeStyle, List<TypeAdapterFactory> builderFactories,
      List<TypeAdapterFactory> builderHierarchyFactories,
      List<TypeAdapterFactory> factoriesToBeAdded) {
   
    //省去部分代码
    List<TypeAdapterFactory> factories = new ArrayList<TypeAdapterFactory>();

    // built-in type adapters that cannot be overridden
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.JSON_ELEMENT_FACTORY);
    factories.add(ObjectTypeAdapter.FACTORY);

    // the excluder must precede all adapters that handle user-defined types
    factories.add(excluder);

    //重点:添加自定义的 TypeAdapter
    factories.addAll(factoriesToBeAdded);

    // type adapters for basic platform types
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.STRING_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.INTEGER_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.BOOLEAN_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.BYTE_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.SHORT_FACTORY);
    TypeAdapter<Number> longAdapter = longAdapter(longSerializationPolicy);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.newFactory(long.class, Long.class, longAdapter));
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.newFactory(double.class, Double.class,
            doubleAdapter(serializeSpecialFloatingPointValues)));
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.newFactory(float.class, Float.class,
            floatAdapter(serializeSpecialFloatingPointValues)));
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.NUMBER_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.ATOMIC_INTEGER_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.ATOMIC_BOOLEAN_FACTORY);
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.newFactory(AtomicLong.class, atomicLongAdapter(longAdapter)));
    factories.add(TypeAdapters.newFactory(AtomicLongArray.class, atomicLongArrayAdapter(longAdapter)));
    factories