原文地址:G++的命名返回值优化 -- NRVO
今天在运行C++ primer中一段程序的时候,没有打印复制构造函数的信息,代码如下:
- class Exmpl {
- public:
- Exmpl() {cout << "Exmple()" << endl;}
- Exmpl(const Exmpl&) {cout << "Exmple(const Exmpl&)" << endl;}
- Exmpl & operator = (const Exmpl &rhs)
- {
- cout << "operator = (const Exmple&rhs)" << endl;
- return *this;
- }
- ~Exmpl()
- {
- cout << "~Exmpl()" << endl;
- }
- };
- void func1(Exmpl obj)
- {
- }
- void func2(Exmpl &obj)
- {
- }
- Exmpl func3()
- {
- Exmpl obj;
- return obj;
- }
- int main(int argc, char **argv)
- {
- Exmpl eobj;
- func1(eobj);
- func2(eobj);
- eobj = func3();
- }
按照我的分析,输出结果如下:
- Exmple()
- Exmple(const Exmpl&)
- ~Exmpl()
- Exmple()
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">Exmple(const Exmpl&)
- ~Exmpl()
- </span>operator = (const Exmple&rhs)
- ~Exmpl()
- ~Exmpl()
可是我电脑上的输出如下(我使用的是g++ 4.0.2)
- Exmple()
- Exmple(const Exmpl&)
- ~Exmpl()
- Exmple()
- operator = (const Exmple&rhs)
- ~Exmpl()
- ~Exmpl()
查阅资料,原来是g++默认启用了命名返回值优化,named return value optimizatio - NRVO
加上-fno-elide-constructors后,就可以关掉NRVO了。
g++的手册说:
- -fno-elide-constructors
- The C++ standard allows an implementation to omit creating a
- temporary which is only used to initialize another object of the
- same type. Specifying this option disables that optimization, and
- forces G++ to call the copy constructor in all cases.
我在Visual Studio 2005下运行上面的程序,输出和没有加-fno-elide-constructors的g++编译出来的程序一样。这说明Visual Studio 2005默认是不会开启该优化选项的。