存储格式
大家都知道redis支持的存储类型(String/List/Hash/Set/SortedSet ),但是不一定在工作中都用到过,希望通过整理的这篇文章,让初学者都能知道在java中如何使用redis以及redis对这几种数据类型的操作。
基本用法
jedis就是集成了redis的一些命令操作,封装了redis的java客户端。提供了连接池管理。一般不直接使用jedis,而是在其上在封装一层,作为业务的使用。如果用spring的话,可以看看spring 封装的 redis Spring Data Redis
Jedis工具类
public class JedisPoolUtil {
private static JedisPool pool = null;
static {
//加载配置文件
InputStream in = JedisPoolUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("redis.properties");
Properties pro = new Properties();
try {
pro.load(in);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("加载文件失败");
}
JedisPoolConfig poolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
//最大连接数
poolConfig.setMaxTotal(Integer.parseInt( pro.get("redis.maxTotal").toString()));
//最大空闲连接数
poolConfig.setMaxIdle(Integer.parseInt( pro.get("redis.maxIdle").toString()));
//最小空闲连接数
poolConfig.setMinIdle(Integer.parseInt( pro.get("redis.minIdle").toString()));
pool = new JedisPool(poolConfig, pro.get("redis.url").toString(),Integer.parseInt( pro.get("redis.port")
.toString()));
}
public static Jedis getJedis(){
return pool.getResource();
}
public static void release(Jedis jedis){
if(null != jedis){
jedis.close();
}
}
}
redis配置文件
redis.maxTotal=100
redis.maxIdle=30
redis.minIdle=10
redis.url=172.0.0.1
redis.port=6379
key值测试
public void keyTest{
public Jedis jedis = JedisPoolUtil.getJedis();
@Test
private void KeyOperate(){
System.out.println("======================key==========================");
// 清空数据
System.out.println("清空库中所有数据:"+jedis.flushDB());
// 判断key否存在
System.out.println("判断key999键是否存在:"+shardedJedis.exists("key999"));
System.out.println("新增key001,value001键值对:"+shardedJedis.set("key001", "value001"));
System.out.println("判断key001是否存在:"+shardedJedis.exists("key001"));
// 输出系统中所有的key
System.out.println("新增key002,value002键值对:"+shardedJedis.set("key002", "value002"));
System.out.println("系统中所有键如下:");
Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*");
Iterator<String> it=keys.iterator() ;
while(it.hasNext()){
String key = it.next();
System.out.println(key);
}
// 删除某个key,若key不存在,则忽略该命令。
System.out.println("系统中删除key002: "+jedis.del("key002"));
System.out.println("判断key002是否存在:"+shardedJedis.exists("key002"));
// 设置 key001的过期时间
System.out.println("设置 key001的过期时间为5秒:"+jedis.expire("key001", 5));
try{
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
catch (InterruptedException e){
}
// 查看某个key的剩余生存时间,单位【秒】.永久生存或者不存在的都返回-1
System.out.println("查看key001的剩余生存时间:"+jedis.ttl("key001"));
// 移除某个key的生存时间
System.out.println("移除key001的生存时间:"+jedis.persist("key001"));
System.out.println("查看key001的剩余生存时间:"+jedis.ttl("key001"));
// 查看key所储存的值的类型
System.out.println("查看key所储存的值的类型:"+jedis.type("key001"));
/*
* 一些其他方法:1、修改键名:jedis.rename("key6", "key0");
* 2、将当前db的key移动到给定的db当中:jedis.move("foo", 1)
*/
}
}
String测试
public class StringTest {
public Jedis jedis = JedisPoolUtil.getJedis();
@Test
//添加和获取
public void fun(){
jedis.set("num","1");
System.out.println(jedis.get("num"));
}
@Test
//删除值
public void fun1(){
jedis.del("num");
System.out.println(jedis.get("num"));
}
@Test
//自减和自减
public void fun2(){
jedis.set("num","1");
System.out.println(jedis.get("num"));
jedis.decr("num");
System.out.println(jedis.get("num"));
jedis.incr("num");
jedis.incr("num");
System.out.println(jedis.get("num"));
}
@Test
//加上/减去 一个数
//incrBy 返回的是修改之后的值如果原值是字符串不是数字,则会抛出异常
public void fun3(){
Long num = jedis.incrBy("num", 3);
System.out.println(num);
jedis.decrBy("num",10);
System.out.println(jedis.get("num"));
jedis.set("name","caopengfei");
//jedis.decrBy("name",1);
}
@Test
//字符串拼接
public void fun4(){
Long len = jedis.append("name", "123");
System.out.println(len);
System.out.println(jedis.get("name"));
}
@Test
//多键值操作
public void fun5(){
System.out.println("一次性新增key201,key202,key203,key204及其对应值:"+jedis.mset("key201","value201",
"key202","value202","key203","value203","key204","value204"));
System.out.println("一次性获取key201,key202,key203,key204各自对应的值:"+
jedis.mget("key201","key202","key203","key204"));
System.out.println("一次性删除key201,key202:"+jedis.del(new String[]{"key201", "key202"}));
System.out.println("一次性获取key201,key202,key203,key204各自对应的值:"+
jedis.mget("key201","key202","key203","key204"));
System.out.println();
}
}
Hash测试
public class HashTest {
public Jedis jedis = JedisPoolUtil.getJedis();
//hash 操作的是map对象
//适合存储键值对象的信息
@Test
//存值 参数第一个变量的名称, map键名(key), map键值(value)
//调用hset
public void fun() {
Long num = jedis.hset("hash1", "username", "caopengfei");
System.out.println(num);
String hget = jedis.hget("hash1", "username");
System.out.println(hget);
}
@Test
//也可以存多个key
//调用hmset
public void fun1() {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("username", "caopengfei");
map.put("age", "25");
map.put("sex", "男");
String res = jedis.hmset("hash2", map);
System.out.println(res);//ok
}
@Test
//获取hash中所有的值
public void fun2() {
Map<String, String> map2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
map2 = jedis.hgetAll("hash2");
System.out.println(map2);
}
@Test
//删除hash中的键 可以删除一个也可以删除多个,返回的是删除的个数
public void fun3() {
Long num = jedis.hdel("hash2", "username", "age");
System.out.println(num);
Map<String, String> map2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
map2 = jedis.hgetAll("hash2");
System.out.println(map2);
}
@Test
//增加hash中的键值对
public void fun4() {
Map<String, String> map2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
map2 = jedis.hgetAll("hash2");
System.out.println(map2);
jedis.hincrBy("hash2", "age", 10);
map2 = jedis.hgetAll("hash2");
System.out.println(map2);
}
@Test
//判断hash是否存在某个值
public void fun5() {
System.out.println(jedis.hexists("hash2", "username"));
System.out.println(jedis.hexists("hash2", "age"));
}
@Test
//获取hash中键值对的个数
public void fun6() {
System.out.println(jedis.hlen("hash2"));
}
// 获取一个hash中所有的key值
@Test
public void fun7() {
Set<String> hash2 = jedis.hkeys("hash2");
System.out.println(hash2);
}
// 获取所有的value值
@Test
public void fun8() {
List<String> hash2 = jedis.hvals("hash2");
System.out.println(hash2);
}
}
List测试
public class ListTest {
public Jedis jedis = JedisPoolUtil.getJedis();
@Test
public void testList()
{
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("===========添加一个list===========");
jedis.lpush("collections", "ArrayList", "Vector", "Stack", "HashMap", "WeakHashMap", "LinkedHashMap");
jedis.lpush("collections", "HashSet");
jedis.lpush("collections", "TreeSet");
jedis.lpush("collections", "TreeMap");
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));//-1 代表倒数第一个元素,-2代表倒数第二个元素
System.out.println("collections区间0-3的元素:"+jedis.lrange("collections",0,3));
System.out.println("===============================");
// 删除列表指定的值 ,第二个参数为删除的个数(有重复时),后add进去的值先被删,类似于出栈
System.out.println("删除指定元素个数:"+jedis.lrem("collections", 2, "HashMap"));
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
System.out.println("删除下表0-3区间之外的元素:"+jedis.ltrim("collections", 0, 3));
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
System.out.println("collections列表出栈(左端):"+jedis.lpop("collections"));
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
System.out.println("collections添加元素,从列表右端,与lpush相对应:"+jedis.rpush("collections", "EnumMap"));
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
System.out.println("collections列表出栈(右端):"+jedis.rpop("collections"));
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
System.out.println("修改collections指定下标1的内容:"+jedis.lset("collections", 1, "LinkedArrayList"));
System.out.println("collections的内容:"+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
System.out.println("===============================");
System.out.println("collections的长度:"+jedis.llen("collections"));
System.out.println("获取collections下标为2的元素:"+jedis.lindex("collections", 2));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush("sortedList", "3","6","2","0","7","4");
System.out.println("sortedList排序前:"+jedis.lrange("sortedList", 0, -1));
System.out.println(jedis.sort("sortedList"));
System.out.println("sortedList排序后:"+jedis.lrange("sortedList", 0, -1));
}
}
Set测试
/*
* Set集合,和List类的区别就是
* set中不会出现重复的数据
* 他可以进行聚合操作效率比较高
* 其余的操作基本上和list相同
*
* */
public class SetTest {
public Jedis jedis = JedisPoolUtil.getJedis();
@Test
/*添加元素删除元素*/
public void fun(){
Long num = jedis.sadd("myset", "a", "a", "b","abc");
System.out.println(num);
}
@Test
/*获得元素*/
public void fun1(){
Set<String> myset = jedis.smembers("myset");
System.out.println(myset);
}
@Test
/*移除元素*/
public void fun2(){
jedis.srem("myset","a","b");
Set<String> myset = jedis.smembers("myset");
System.out.println(myset);
}
@Test
//判断是否这个set中存在某个值
public void fun3(){
Boolean sismember = jedis.sismember("myset", "a");
System.out.println(sismember);
}
@Test
//获得A-B 获得差集合
public void fun4(){
jedis.sadd("myset1","123","32","abc","def","123456","sdfasd");
jedis.sadd("myset2","abc","345","123","fda");
Set<String> sdiff = jedis.sdiff("myset1", "myset2");
System.out.println(sdiff);
}
@Test
//获得交集
public void fun5(){
Set<String> sinter = jedis.sinter("myset1", "myset2");
System.out.println(sinter);
}
@Test
//获得并集合
public void fun6(){
Set<String> sunion = jedis.sunion("myset1", "myset2");
System.out.println(sunion);
}
@Test
//成员数量
public void fun7(){
System.out.println(jedis.scard("myset1"));
}
@Test
//获得随机的一个成员
public void fun8(){
System.out.println(jedis.srandmember("myset1"));
}
@Test
//将相差的成员放到一个新的set中同理交集和并集都可以后面均
//加上一个store即可
//并返回新的长度
public void fun9(){
System.out.println(jedis.sdiffstore("myset3","myset1","myset2"));
System.out.println(jedis.smembers("myset3"));
}
}
SortedSet 测试
/*
和set极为的类似,他们是字符串的集合,没有重复的数据
差别是sortedset每个成员中都会有一个分数(score)与之关联
,redis正是通过分数来为集合中的成员进行从小到大的排序
sortedset中数据必须单一但是他的score可以是重复的
*/
public class SortedsetTest {
public Jedis jedis = JedisPoolUtil.getJedis();
//添加元素
@Test
public void fun(){
jedis.zadd("mysort",100.0, "zhangsan");
jedis.zadd("mysort",200.0,"lisi");
jedis.zadd("mysort",50.0,"wangwu");
Map<String ,Double>map = new HashMap<String ,Double>();
map.put("mutouliu",70.0);
jedis.zadd("mysort",map);
Set<String> mysort = jedis.zrange("mysort", 0, -1);
System.out.println(mysort);
Set<String> mysort1 = jedis.zrange("mysort", 1, 2);
System.out.println(mysort1);
}
}