学习总结-spring jpa 映射

参考链接：https://www.baeldung.com/spring-data-jpa-projections

1. 前置

@Entity
public class Address {
 
    @Id
    private Long id;
 
    @OneToOne
    private Person person;
 
    private String state;
 
    private String city;
 
    private String street;
 
    private String zipCode;

    // getters and setters
}

@Entity
public class Person {
 
    @Id
    private Long id;
 
    private String firstName;
 
    private String lastName;
 
    @OneToOne(mappedBy = "person")
    private Address address;

    // getters and setters
}

2. 映射

出于业务需要，对于jpa我们经常需要定制返回实体，大体方式如下

2.1. 接口方式映射

默认情况下，hibernate查询的结果是一个map对象，这种方式的原理是hibernate会创建接口的代理，根据接口方法名去实际的map里取值，这也是为什么接口定义的都是get方法而不是set方法。

• 封闭式

public interface AddressView {
    String getZipCode();
}

public interface AddressRepository extends Repository<Address, Long> {
    List<AddressView> getAddressByState(String state);
}

• 开放式

public interface PersonView {
    // ...

    @Value("#{target.firstName + ' ' + target.lastName}")
    String getFullName();
}

public interface PersonRepository extends Repository<Person, Long> {
    PersonView findByLastName(String lastName);
}

2.2. 类方式

如果不是数据库映射的实体类，需要提供全字段的构造方法，参数较多的时候就比较难看了。

public class PersonDto {
    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;

    public PersonDto(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    // getters, equals and hashCode
}


public interface PersonRepository extends Repository<Person, Long> {
    // ...

    PersonDto findByFirstName(String firstName);
}

2.3. 动态映射

将要映射的类作为参数

public interface PersonRepository extends Repository<Person, Long> {
    // ...

    <T> T findByLastName(String lastName, Class<T> type);
}

3. 复杂属性

https://javabydeveloper.com/mapping-composite-value-types/

@Embeddable
@Embedded
@EmbeddedId
@AttributeOverride(name=“streetAddress”, column=@Column(name=“STREET_ADDRESS”))