一、使用环绕通知(MethodInterceptor)做日志管理:
在目标方法执行的前后均有需要自动执行的操作,可应用于日志、事务管理
- 创建项目,导入jar包:学习笔记(04)系列中的jar包外加AOP的jar包。
- ( 使用jdk动态代理的方式)创建一个接口:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/UserDao.java
package com.aop;
public interface UserDao {
public void addUser(String id, String name);
}
- 创建接口的实现类:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/UserDaoImpl.java
package com.aop;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void addUser(String id, String name) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("======="+name+"的id是"+id);
}
}
- 创建一个切面类:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/LogAspect.java
package com.aop;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
public class LogAspect implements MethodInterceptor {
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation arg0) throws Throwable {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//通过arg0可以获取目标对象的类和方法
System.out.println(arg0.getMethod());
//执行正常逻辑之前输出的内容,假装这就是日志
System.out.println("----------环绕通知开始---");
//执行逻辑
//启动目标方法执行
Object object = arg0.proceed();
//执行逻辑后输出的内容
System.out.println("----------环绕通知结束---");
return object;
}
}
- 进行配置:/AOPProject/resource/applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">
<!-- target object -->
<bean id="userDao1" class="com.aop.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<!-- 切面 -->
<bean id="logAspect1" class="com.aop.LogAspect"></bean>
<!-- 使用AOP代理设置关联 -->
<bean id="userDaoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 代理接口 -->
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.aop.UserDao"/>
<!-- 目标对象 -->
<property name="target" ref="userDao1"></property>
<!-- 切面 -->
<property name="interceptorNames" value="logAspect1"></property>
<!-- 判断目标是否为类 -->
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="false"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
- 测试:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/TestUserDao.java
package com.aop;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
class TestUserDao {
@Test
void testAddUser() {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao = context.getBean("userDaoproxy",UserDao.class);
userDao.addUser("csdn", "Fan_zm");
}
}
二、前置通知(MethodBeforeAdvice)和后置通知(AfterReturningAdvice):
前置通知(MethodBeforeAdvice)是在目标方法执行前自动执行的操作
后置通知(AfterReturningAdvice)是在目标方法执行后自动执行的操作
对上述一、中的例子执行增添和修改:(相关要点在注释中)
- 前置通知切面类:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/LogBeforeAspect.java
package com.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
public class LogBeforeAspect implements MethodBeforeAdvice{
@Override
public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2) throws Throwable {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//arg1是目标对象接口的方法
//arg2是目标对象接口的方法的参数
//arg3是目标对象实现类
System.out.println("-----前置通知");
System.out.println("arg0:"+arg0);
System.out.println("arg2:"+arg2);
}
}
- 后置通知切面类:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/LogAfterAspect.java
package com.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
public class LogAfterAspect implements AfterReturningAdvice {
@Override
public void afterReturning(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2, Object arg3) throws Throwable {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//arg0是目标对象接口的方法的返回类型
//arg1是目标对象接口的方法
//arg2是目标对象接口的方法的参数
//arg3是目标对象实现类
System.out.println("----后置通知执行。。。");
}
}
- 修改配置文件:/AOPProject/resource/applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">
<!-- target object -->
<bean id="userDao1" class="com.aop.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<!-- 切面 -->
<bean id="logAspect1" class="com.aop.LogAspect"></bean>
<bean id="logBeforeAspect" class="com.aop.LogBeforeAspect"></bean>
<bean id="logAfterAspect2" class="com.aop.LogAfterAspect"></bean>
<!-- 使用AOP代理设置关联 -->
<bean id="userDaoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 代理接口 -->
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.aop.UserDao"/>
<!-- 目标对象 -->
<property name="target" ref="userDao1"></property>
<!-- 切面 -->
<!-- <property name="interceptorNames" value="logAspect1"></property> -->
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>logBeforeAspect</value>
<value>logAfterAspect2</value>
<value>logAspect1</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 判断目标是否为类 -->
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="false"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
三、异常通知(ThrowsAdvice):在目标方法执行异常时自动执行的操作
依旧对前例进行补充和修改
- 异常通知切面类:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/LogThrowingAspect.java
package com.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;
public class LogThrowingAspect implements ThrowsAdvice {
//没有需要具体实现的方法,需要自己写处理方法
//但是对方法的写法有规定
public void afterThrowing(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2,Throwable error) {
System.out.println("---异常通知");
System.out.println(error);
}
}
- 修改执行逻辑,人为制造一个异常:/AOPProject/src/com/aop/UserDaoImpl.java
package com.aop;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void addUser(String id, String name) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//制造一个异常,为了测试异常通知
String er = null;
System.out.println("==执行逻辑"+name+"的id是"+id+er.charAt(0));
}
}
- 进行配置修改:/AOPProject/resource/applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd">
<!-- target object -->
<bean id="userDao1" class="com.aop.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<!-- 切面 -->
<bean id="logAspect1" class="com.aop.LogAspect"></bean>
<bean id="logBeforeAspect" class="com.aop.LogBeforeAspect"></bean>
<bean id="logAfterAspect2" class="com.aop.LogAfterAspect"></bean>
<bean id="logThrowingAspect" class="com.aop.LogThrowingAspect"></bean>
<!-- 使用AOP代理设置关联 -->
<bean id="userDaoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<!-- 代理接口 -->
<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.aop.UserDao"/>
<!-- 目标对象 -->
<property name="target" ref="userDao1"></property>
<!-- 切面 -->
<!-- <property name="interceptorNames" value="logAspect1"></property> -->
<property name="interceptorNames">
<list>
<value>logBeforeAspect</value>
<value>logAfterAspect2</value>
<value>logAspect1</value>
<value>logThrowingAspect</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 判断目标是否为类 -->
<property name="proxyTargetClass" value="false"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
- 测试结果:
四、引介通知(IntroductionInterceptor):不同于前四种通知类型,引介通知是在目标类中添加一些新的方法和属性,可应用于修改旧版本程序,增强类功能。
实现过程请看:学习笔记(05-01-B):轻松搞定Spring全家桶(初识篇)-面向切片编程AOP:使用Spring通知类型创建Spring AOP-2