Nature：易于再生的高性能活性碳替代材料，快速去除水中有机微污染

一种高表面积介孔β-环糊精。水体净化和修复经常是用各种形式的活性碳进行的，这种方式成本低，但只能将很多有机污染物部分清除。然而，活性碳的再生利用能耗高，需要高温，而且再生之后性能也会下降。现在William Dichtel、Damian Helbling及同事研发出一种用于水体修复的活性碳替代产品：一种基于交联环糊精的多孔材料。这种材料不仅在吸附一系列药物、杀虫剂和其他污染物方面性能超过活性碳，而且还容易通过在室温下冲洗来再生。β-CD polymer networks derived from nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

对这方面研究感兴趣的读者，可自行下载全文查看：

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v529/n7585/full/nature16185.html

如下是文章摘要：

The global occurrence in water resources of organic micropollutants, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, has raised concerns about potential negative effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Activated carbons are the most widespread adsorbent materials used to remove organic pollutants from water but they have several deficiencies, including slow pollutant uptake (of the order of hours) and poor removal of many relatively hydrophilic micropollutants. Furthermore, regenerating spent activated carbon is energy intensive (requiring heating to 500–900 degrees Celsius) and does not fully restore performance. Insoluble polymers of β-cyclodextrin, an inexpensive, sustainably produced macrocycle of glucose, are likewise of interest for removing micropollutants from water by means of adsorption. β-cyclodextrin is known to encapsulate pollutants to form well-defined host–guest complexes, but until now cross-linked β-cyclodextrin polymers have had low surface areas and poor removal performance compared to conventional activated carbons. Here we crosslink β-cyclodextrin with rigid aromatic groups, providing a high-surface-area, mesoporous polymer of β-cyclodextrin. It rapidly sequesters a variety of organic micropollutants with adsorption rate constants 15 to 200 times greater than those of activated carbons and non-porous β-cyclodextrin adsorbent materials. In addition, the polymer can be regenerated several times using a mild washing procedure with no loss in performance. Finally, the polymer outperformed a leading activated carbon for the rapid removal of a complex mixture of organic micropollutants at environmentally relevant concentrations. These findings demonstrate the promise of porous cyclodextrin-based polymers for rapid, flow-through water treatment.