java 当前时间的Calendar 及注意事项

当前日期为：2019-12-20 15:43:04 星期五（时间戳1576827784092）

1）打印当前时间的Date为：

System.out.println("date="+new Date(1576827784092L));
//date=Thu Dec 20 15:43:04 CST 2019

2）打印当前时间的Calendar为：

Calendar calendar=Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTimeInMillis(1576827784092L);
System.out.println("calendar="+calendar.toString());
//calendar=java.util.GregorianCalendar[time=1576827784092,areFieldsSet=true,areAllFieldsSet=true,lenient=true,zone=sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo[id="Asia/Shanghai",offset=28800000,dstSavings=0,useDaylight=false,transitions=19,lastRule=null],firstDayOfWeek=1,minimalDaysInFirstWeek=1,ERA=1,YEAR=2019,MONTH=11,WEEK_OF_YEAR=51,WEEK_OF_MONTH=3,DAY_OF_MONTH=20,DAY_OF_YEAR=354,DAY_OF_WEEK=6,DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH=3,AM_PM=1,HOUR=3,HOUR_OF_DAY=15,MINUTE=43,SECOND=4,MILLISECOND=92,ZONE_OFFSET=28800000,DST_OFFSET=0]

打印内容较长，格式化后为：

{
	"time": "1576827784092",
	"areFieldsSet": "true",
	"areAllFieldsSet": "true",
	"lenient": "true",
	"zone": {
		"sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo": {
			"id": "Asia/Shanghai",
			"offset": "28800000",
			"dstSavings": "0",
			"useDaylight": "false",
			"transitions": "19",
			"lastRule": "null"
		}
	},
	"firstDayOfWeek": "1",
	"minimalDaysInFirstWeek": "1",
	"ERA": "1",
	"YEAR": "2019",
	"MONTH": "11",
	"WEEK_OF_YEAR": "51",
	"WEEK_OF_MONTH": "3",
	"DAY_OF_MONTH": "20",
	"DAY_OF_YEAR": "354",
	"DAY_OF_WEEK": "6",
	"DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH": "3",
	"AM_PM": "1",
	"HOUR": "3",
	"HOUR_OF_DAY": "15",
	"MINUTE": "43",
	"SECOND": "4",
	"MILLISECOND": "92",
	"ZONE_OFFSET": "28800000",
	"DST_OFFSET": "0"
}

3）接着往下看：

当前时间为：2019-12-20 15:43:04 星期五

Calendar打印当前时间中的部分内容为：

"YEAR": "2019",
"MONTH": "11",
"WEEK_OF_YEAR": "51",
"WEEK_OF_MONTH": "3",
"DAY_OF_MONTH": "20",
"DAY_OF_YEAR": "354",
"DAY_OF_WEEK": "6",
"DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH": "3"

这里的月份和星期对不上，这是为什么呢？

Calendar中的解释，月份是从JANUARY开始的，但是JANUARY的值为0；星期是从周日开始的，所以周日是每周的第1天，所以今天星期五，这里calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK)=6;同样的道理，calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH)=3；

源码中的内容如下

/**
 * Field number for <code>get</code> and <code>set</code> indicating the
 * month. This is a calendar-specific value. The first month of
 * the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars is
 * <code>JANUARY</code> which is 0; the last depends on the number
 * of months in a year.
 *
 * @see #JANUARY
 * @see #FEBRUARY
 * @see #MARCH
 * @see #APRIL
 * @see #MAY
 * @see #JUNE
 * @see #JULY
 * @see #AUGUST
 * @see #SEPTEMBER
 * @see #OCTOBER
 * @see #NOVEMBER
 * @see #DECEMBER
 * @see #UNDECIMBER
 */
public final static int MONTH = 2;

/**
 * Field number for <code>get</code> and <code>set</code> indicating the day
 * of the week.  This field takes values <code>SUNDAY</code>,
 * <code>MONDAY</code>, <code>TUESDAY</code>, <code>WEDNESDAY</code>,
 * <code>THURSDAY</code>, <code>FRIDAY</code>, and <code>SATURDAY</code>.
 *
 * @see #SUNDAY
 * @see #MONDAY
 * @see #TUESDAY
 * @see #WEDNESDAY
 * @see #THURSDAY
 * @see #FRIDAY
 * @see #SATURDAY
 */
public final static int DAY_OF_WEEK = 7;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Sunday.
 */
public final static int SUNDAY = 1;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Monday.
 */
public final static int MONDAY = 2;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Tuesday.
 */
public final static int TUESDAY = 3;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Wednesday.
 */
public final static int WEDNESDAY = 4;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Thursday.
 */
public final static int THURSDAY = 5;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Friday.
 */
public final static int FRIDAY = 6;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #DAY_OF_WEEK} field indicating
 * Saturday.
 */
public final static int SATURDAY = 7;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * first month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int JANUARY = 0;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * second month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int FEBRUARY = 1;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * third month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int MARCH = 2;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * fourth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int APRIL = 3;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * fifth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int MAY = 4;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * sixth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int JUNE = 5;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * seventh month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int JULY = 6;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * eighth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int AUGUST = 7;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * ninth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int SEPTEMBER = 8;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * tenth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int OCTOBER = 9;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int NOVEMBER = 10;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * twelfth month of the year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars.
 */
public final static int DECEMBER = 11;

/**
 * Value of the {@link #MONTH} field indicating the
 * thirteenth month of the year. Although <code>GregorianCalendar</code>
 * does not use this value, lunar calendars do.
 */
public final static int UNDECIMBER = 12;