转自:http://blog.csdn.net/hunterno4/article/details/14485663
使用robotium进行Android应用进行自动化测试,之前用TMTS框架,但收集到的单元测试结果常常会少掉一些用例集。。穷则思变,Android的测试框架主要是通过InstrumentationTestRunner对被测应用进行控制与执行,因此可以对InstrumentationTestRunner进行扩展以完成测试结果收集,然后通过jenkins的Publish JUnit test result report插件得到结果报告。
1.新建一个java package,新建一个java类
源码来自开源项目:https://code.google.com/p/nbandroid-utils/
源码中生成的TEST-all.xml结果文件位于/data/data/com.example/files目录下,要导出结果文件的话,需要手机拥有root权限,比较麻烦,因此下面修改了文件存放路径,有SD卡则文件位于SD卡的/robotium目录下
- package com.example.test.instrumentation;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileWriter;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.Writer;
- import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserFactory;
- import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.Environment;
- /**
- * This test runner creates a TEST-all.xml in the files directory of the application under test. The output is compatible with that of the junitreport ant task, the format
- * that is understood by Hudson. Currently this implementation does not implement the all aspects of the junitreport format, but enough for Hudson to parse the test results.
- */
- public class InstrumentationTestRunner extends android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner {
- private Writer mWriter;
- private XmlSerializer mTestSuiteSerializer;
- private long mTestStarted;
- private static final String JUNIT_XML_FILE = "TEST-all.xml";
- @Override
- public void onStart() {
- try{
- File fileRobo = new File(getTestResultDir(getTargetContext()));
- if(!fileRobo.exists()){
- fileRobo.mkdir();
- }
- if(isSDCardAvaliable()){
- File resultFile = new File(getTestResultDir(getTargetContext()),JUNIT_XML_FILE);
- startJUnitOutput(new FileWriter(resultFile));
- }else{
- startJUnitOutput(new FileWriter(new File(getTargetContext().getFilesDir(), JUNIT_XML_FILE)));
- }
- }
- catch(IOException e){
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- super.onStart();
- }
- void startJUnitOutput(Writer writer) {
- try {
- mWriter = writer;
- mTestSuiteSerializer = newSerializer(mWriter);
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startDocument(null, null);
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "testsuites");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "testsuite");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 判断SD卡是否存在
- * @return
- */
- private boolean isSDCardAvaliable(){
- return Environment.getExternalStorageState()
- .equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
- }
- /**
- * 获取测试结果报告文件所在的路径
- * @param context 被测工程的context
- * @return 返回测试结果报告文件所在的路径
- */
- private String getTestResultDir(Context context){
- String packageName = "/" + "robotium";
- String filepath = context.getCacheDir().getPath() + packageName;
- if(android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 8){
- if(isSDCardAvaliable()){
- filepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ packageName;
- }
- }else{
- if(isSDCardAvaliable()){
- filepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ packageName;
- }
- }
- return filepath;
- }
- private XmlSerializer newSerializer(Writer writer) {
- try {
- XmlPullParserFactory pf = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();
- XmlSerializer serializer = pf.newSerializer();
- serializer.setOutput(writer);
- return serializer;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void sendStatus(int resultCode, Bundle results) {
- super.sendStatus(resultCode, results);
- switch (resultCode) {
- case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_ERROR:
- case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_FAILURE:
- case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_OK:
- try {
- recordTestResult(resultCode, results);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- break;
- case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_START:
- recordTestStart(results);
- default:
- break;
- }
- }
- void recordTestStart(Bundle results) {
- mTestStarted = System.currentTimeMillis();
- }
- void recordTestResult(int resultCode, Bundle results) throws IOException {
- float time = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mTestStarted) / 1000.0f;
- String className = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_NAME_CLASS);
- String testMethod = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_NAME_TEST);
- String stack = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_STACK);
- int current = results.getInt(REPORT_KEY_NUM_CURRENT);
- int total = results.getInt(REPORT_KEY_NUM_TOTAL);
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "testcase");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "classname", className);
- mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "name", testMethod);
- if (resultCode != REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_OK) {
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "failure");
- if (stack != null) {
- String reason = stack.substring(0, stack.indexOf('\n'));
- String message = "";
- int index = reason.indexOf(':');
- if (index > -1) {
- message = reason.substring(index+1);
- reason = reason.substring(0, index);
- }
- mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "message", message);
- mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "type", reason);
- mTestSuiteSerializer.text(stack);
- }
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "failure");
- } else {
- mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "time", String.format("%.3f", time));
- }
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "testcase");
- if (current == total) {
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "system-out");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "system-out");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "system-err");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "system-err");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "testsuite");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.flush();
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void finish(int resultCode, Bundle results) {
- endTestSuites();
- super.finish(resultCode, results);
- }
- void endTestSuites() {
- try {
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "testsuites");
- mTestSuiteSerializer.endDocument();
- mTestSuiteSerializer.flush();
- mWriter.flush();
- mWriter.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
- }
2.修改AndroidManifest.xml文件
将原来的:
- <instrumentation
- android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
- android:targetPackage="com.example" />
- <instrumentation
- android:name="com.example.test.instrumentation.InstrumentationTestRunner"
- android:targetPackage="com.example" />
3.修改Run Configurations
右键测试工程>Run as >Run Configurations
在Test栏中,勾选Run all tests in the selected project,or package
这样每次在Eclipse中运行时才会使用新的InstrumentationTestRunner
在Instrumentation runner处下拉选择新写的InstrumentationTestRunner
点击Apply完成设置
4.命令行下运行测试用例
Running all tests: adb shell am instrument -w com.android.foo/com.example.test.instrumentation.InstrumentationTestRunner
Running a single testcase: adb shell am instrument -w -e class com.android.foo.FooTest com.android.foo/com.example.test.instrumentation.InstrumentationTestRunner
Running multiple tests: adb shell am instrument -w -e class com.android.foo.FooTest,com.android.foo.TooTest com.android.foo/com.example.test.instrumentation.InstrumentationTestRunner
命令行下运行测试用例与平时一样,只要将原来的InstrumentationTestRunner换成新的InstrumentationTestRunner就行,
需要注意的是,由于每次命令行执行完毕,都会覆盖原有的TEST-all.xml文件,即如果采用Running a single testcase方式运行多个测试用例集,则最后结果只会记录最后一个用例集。
因此可以使用传参数的形式分别命名输出的文件名
- private static final String OUT_FILE_ARG = "outfile";
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle arguments) {
- if ( arguments != null ) {
- mOutFileName = arguments.getString(OUT_FILE_ARG);
- }
- if ( mOutFileName == null ) {
- mOutFileName = OUT_FILE_DEFAULT;
- }
- super.onCreate(arguments);
- }
此时运行命令换为adb shell am instrument -w -e outfile "TEST-***.xml" -e class com.android.foo.FooTest,com.android.foo.TooTest com.android.foo/com.example.test.instrumentation.InstrumentationTestRunner
adb -s $ANDROID_AVD_DEVICE pull /mnt/sdcard/rototium/TEST-all.xml
其中$ANDROID_AVD_DEVICE为参数化的手机序列号